21.神経芽細胞腫肝転移例の1年生存(第589回千葉医学会例会・第2回千葉大学小児外科教室例会)

Additional file 2: Table S1. A list of phosphoPSMs identified by MASCOT and SEQUEST

Integrating transcriptomic and proteomic data for accurate assembly and annotation of genomes

© 2017 Wong et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. Complementing genome sequence with deep transcriptome and proteome data could enable more accurate assembly and annotation of newly sequenced genomes. Here, we provide a proof-of-concept of an integrated approach for analysis of the genome and proteome of Anopheles stephensi, which is one of the most important vectors of the malaria parasite. To achieve broad coverage of genes, we carried out transcriptome sequencing and deep proteome profiling of multiple anatomically distinct sites. Based on transcriptomic data alone, we identified and corrected 535 events of incomplete genome assembly involving 1196 scaffolds and 868 protein-coding gene models. This proteogenomic approach enabled us to add 365 genes that were missed during genome annotation and identify 917 gene correction events through discovery of 151 novel exons, 297 protein extensions, 231 exon extensions, 192 novel protein start sites, 19 novel translational frames, 28 events of joining of exons, and 76 events of joining of adjacent genes as a single gene. Incorporation of proteomic evidence allowed us to change the designation of more than 87 predicted noncoding RNAs to conventional mRNAs coded by protein-coding genes. Importantly, extension of the newly corrected genome assemblies and gene models to 15 other newly assembled Anopheline genomes led to the discovery of a large number of apparent discrepancies in assembly and annotation of these genomes. Our data provide a framework for how future genome sequencing efforts should incorporate transcriptomic and proteomic analysis in combination with simultaneous manual curation to achieve near complete assembly and accurate annotation of genomes

Sustainable biobutanol production from pineapple waste by using Clostridium acetobutylicum B 527: Drying kinetics study

Present investigation explores the use of pineapple peel, a food industry waste, for acetone-butanol- ethanol (ABE) production using Clostridium acetobutylicum B 527. Proximate analysis of pineapple peel shows that it contains 35% cellulose, 19% hemicellulose, and 16% lignin on dry basis. Drying experiments on pineapple peel waste were carried out in the temperature range of 60–120 C and experimental drying data was modeled using moisture diffusion control model to study its effect on ABE production. The pro- duction of ABE was further accomplished via acid hydrolysis, detoxification, and fermentation process. Maximum total sugar release obtained by using acid hydrolysis was 97 g/L with 95–97% and 10–50% removal of phenolics and acetic acid, respectively during detoxification process. The maximum ABE titer obtained was 5.23 g/L with 55.6% substrate consumption when samples dried at 120 C were used as a substrate (after detoxification).Peer reviewe

Solid-liquid circulating fluidized bed

Solid-liquid circulating fluidized beds (SLCFBs) offer several attractive features over conventional solid-liquid fluidized beds such as efficient liquid-solid contact, favorable mass and heat transfer, reduced back-mixing of phases, and integrated reactor and regenerator design. These unique features have stimulated theoretical and experimental investigations over the past two decades on transport phenomena in SLCFBs. However, there is a need to compile and analyze the published information with a coherent theme to design and develop SLCFB with sufficient degree of confidence for commercial application. Therefore, the present work reviews and analyzes the literature on hydrodynamic, mixing, heat transfer, and mass transfer characteristics of SLCFBs comprehensively. Suitable recommendations have also been made for future work in concise manner based on the knowledge gaps identified in the literature. Furthermore, a novel multistage SLCFB has been proposed to overcome the limitations of existing SLCFBs. The proposed model of SLCFB primarily consists of a single multistage column which is divided into two sections wherein both the steps of utilization viz. loading (adsorption, catalytic reaction, etc.) and regeneration of solid phase could be carried out simultaneously on a continuous mode.Peer reviewe

Adsorptive removal of unsaturated fatty acids using ion exchange resins

The main aim of the present investigation was to elucidate the efficacy of silver ion chromatography for selective separation of unsaturated (oleic, linoleic, and linolenic) fatty acids on a preparative scale. Accordingly, the present work was predominantly divided into two parts. In the first part, adsorption of oleic acid was carried out using commercially available ion exchange resins and silver-ion-loaded resins (R-Ag+) prepared in the laboratory from nonpolar and polar solvents in a batch mode. The maximum adsorption of oleic acid was found on R-Ag+ (454.55 g·kg−1) compared with other commercially available ion exchange resins from heptane at ambient temperature (303 K). The effect of temperature on the adsorption of oleic acid on R-Ag+ from heptane was investigated at 303, 313, and 323 K. The adsorption of oleic acid was favored at 303 K and decreased with a further increase in temperature. Experimental batch equilibrium data were modeled using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Further, thermodynamic parameters viz., ΔGads0, ΔHads0, and ΔSads0, were estimated. The negative values of ΔGads0 and ΔHads0 show that the adsorption of oleic acid on R-Ag+ was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Based on the results obtained in the first part, the R-Ag+ resin was subjected to adsorption of fatty acids from industrial fatty acids mixture using heptane as a solvent at 303 K. A multicomponent Freundlich isotherm was used to model experimental batch equilibrium data. Linolenic acid and linoleic acid were preferentially adsorbed over oleic acid with selectivities of 1.40 and 1.16, respectively, from industrial fatty acids mixture.Peer reviewe

Enhanced biobutanol production in folic acid-induced medium by using clostridium acetobutylicum NRRL B-527

The conventional acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation process suffers from several key hurdles viz. low solvent titer, insufficient yield and productivity, and solvent intolerance which largely affect butanol commercialization. To counteract these issues, the effect of stimulator, namely, folic acid was investigated in the present study to improve butanol titer. Folic acid is involved in biosynthesis of a diverse range of cellular components, which subsequently alter the amino acid balance. Therefore, different concentrations of folic acid were screened, and 10 mg/L supplementation resulted in a maximum butanol production of 10.78 ± 0.09 g/L with total solvents of 18.91 ± 0.21 g/L. Folic acid addition at different time intervals was also optimized to get additional improvements in final butanol concentration. Overall, folic acid supplementation resulted in two-fold increase in butanol concentration and thus could be considered as a promising strategy to enhance solvent titers.Peer reviewe

Microbial Polyamino Acids

Elseltä on kysytty FAMin avaamisesta 2205./ MSoAlthough, polyamino acids are structurally similar to proteins, they are not proteins and do not have a specific sequence. Polyamino acids are polymerized from single amino acid that has molecular mass and polydispersity as similar as polysaccharides. Polyamino acid biosynthesis is considered to be an interesting example of biopolymer synthesis that is being produced by fermentation process. Furthermore, polyamino acids have a wide range of applications from food additives and biomedical agents to biodegradable and renewable resources. The materials produced from polyamino acids are environment friendly, biodegradable, and independent of oil-based resources. Three common natural polyamino acids studied extensively in the literature are, poly-ε-lysine, poly-ε-glutamic acid, and cyanophycin.This chapter covers a wide-range discussion on the importance of polyamino acids including structure, biosynthesis, and biodegradation of naturally occurring poly-ε-lysine, poly-ε-glutamic acid, and cyanophycin. Fermentationand biosynthetic pathway studies, along with downstream processing and characterization of these polyamino acids, are detailed extensively in the current chapter. Besides, large-scale production and challenges associated with it are also discussed. Multifarious applications of polyamino acids in the food as well as pharmaceutical industries have been summarized comprehensively. Finally, various challenges and opportunities in well-designed trials that are needed to improve the current knowledge on polyamino acids are conjectured.Peer reviewe

Biobutanol production using pea pod waste as substrate Impact of drying on saccharification and fermentation

Increasing worldwide energy consumption and limited availability of fossil fuels propelled the researchers to develop advanced fuels (biobutanol) for its commercial development. In the present work, pea pod waste from vegetable sector was investigated for biobutanol production using C. acetobutylicum B 527 through series of steps viz. compositional analysis, drying study, saccharification, detoxification, and fermentation. Proximate analysis suggested that pea pod waste is rich in holocellulose content with 32.08% of cellulose and 21.12% of hemicellulose on dry basis and hence has a huge potential to be used as carbon source during biobutanol production. In order to enhance storability and subsequent saccharification, drying kinetics of pea pod waste was carried out in varied temperature range (60–120 °C) and the experimental data was simulated by using moisture diffusion control model. Saccharification of pea pod waste samples resulted into total sugar release of 30–48 g/L. Subsequently, 95% phenolics and 30% acetic acid were removed using activated charcoal detoxification. The acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation of detoxified pea pod waste slurries resulted in 4.25–5.94 g/L total solvents with about 50% sugar utilization. Overall, the utilization of pea pod waste will serve as basis for valorization of vegetable waste biomass for ABE production.Peer reviewe

Delineation of safe groundwater aquifers in a Fluoride contaminated region: Walwa Taluka, Maharashtra

Groundwater aquifer contamination has leads health problems in village areas of Maharashtra, India. In this study, groundwater analysis was carried out for different groundwater parameters along with fluoride to delineate the high and low contaminated fluoride region in the Walwa taluka, Maharashtra. A distinct contaminated regions for high and low F‒ contaminated regions were identified in the collected post monsoon groundwater samples (n = 144). In total 98% samples are unsuitable for consumption. Hydro-geochemistry of the region showed highest anion concentration for bicarbonate (1880 mg/L), whereas highest cation concentration for calcium was measured as 118 mg/L. It is main cause for alkaline groundwater condition in this region. The 2D ordinary kriging results are well corborated with the obtained hydrogeochemistry results. The low F‒ concentration region was found near the Krishna River, whereas high concentration regions were found near the agricultural and high land region. The primary hydrogeochemistry of the region suggests that the geogenic source of F‒ minerals in the region. The practice of fertiliser, herbicides and pesticides on agricultural field suggests that these are the secondary source for groundwater F‒ contamination. The applied numerical groundwater modelling software, provided technically viable and effective decision making-tool for identification of safe region in the study area