9,196 research outputs found
Order parameter and detection for crystallized dipolar bosons in lattices
We explore the ground-state properties of bosons with dipole-dipole
interactions in a one-dimensional optical lattice. Remarkably, a
crystallization process happens for strong dipolar interactions. Herein, we
provide a detailed characterization and a way to measure the resulting crystal
phase. Using the eigenvalues of the reduced one-body density matrix we define
an order parameter that yields a phase diagram in agreement with an analysis of
the density and two-body density. We demonstrate that the phase diagram can be
detected experimentally using the variance of single-shot measurements.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. Supplementary Information included. Software
available at http://ultracold.org
Minimizing Running Costs in Consumption Systems
A standard approach to optimizing long-run running costs of discrete systems
is based on minimizing the mean-payoff, i.e., the long-run average amount of
resources ("energy") consumed per transition. However, this approach inherently
assumes that the energy source has an unbounded capacity, which is not always
realistic. For example, an autonomous robotic device has a battery of finite
capacity that has to be recharged periodically, and the total amount of energy
consumed between two successive charging cycles is bounded by the capacity.
Hence, a controller minimizing the mean-payoff must obey this restriction. In
this paper we study the controller synthesis problem for consumption systems
with a finite battery capacity, where the task of the controller is to minimize
the mean-payoff while preserving the functionality of the system encoded by a
given linear-time property. We show that an optimal controller always exists,
and it may either need only finite memory or require infinite memory (it is
decidable in polynomial time which of the two cases holds). Further, we show
how to compute an effective description of an optimal controller in polynomial
time. Finally, we consider the limit values achievable by larger and larger
battery capacity, show that these values are computable in polynomial time, and
we also analyze the corresponding rate of convergence. To the best of our
knowledge, these are the first results about optimizing the long-run running
costs in systems with bounded energy stores.Comment: 32 pages, corrections of typos and minor omission
Proteinopathy, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction: cross talk in alzheimer’s disease and parkinson’s disease
Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are two common neurodegenerative diseases of the elderly people that have devastating effects in terms of morbidity and mortality. The predominant form of the disease in either case is sporadic with uncertain etiology. The clinical features of Parkinson's disease are primarily motor deficits, while the patients of Alzheimer's disease present with dementia and cognitive impairment. Though neuronal death is a common element in both the disorders, the postmortem histopathology of the brain is very characteristic in each case and different from each other. In terms of molecular pathogenesis, however, both the diseases have a significant commonality, and proteinopathy (abnormal accumulation of misfolded proteins), mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are the cardinal features in either case. These three damage mechanisms work in concert, reinforcing each other to drive the pathology in the aging brain for both the diseases; very interestingly, the nature of interactions among these three damage mechanisms is very similar in both the diseases, and this review attempts to highlight these aspects. In the case of Alzheimer's disease, the peptide amyloid beta (A beta) is responsible for the proteinopathy, while alpha-synuclein plays a similar role in Parkinson's disease. The expression levels of these two proteins and their aggregation processes are modulated by reactive oxygen radicals and transition metal ions in a similar manner. In turn, these proteins - as oligomers or in aggregated forms - cause mitochondrial impairment by apparently following similar mechanisms. Understanding the common nature of these interactions may, therefore, help us to identify putative neuroprotective strategies that would be beneficial in both the clinical conditions
Detecting One-Dimensional Dipolar Bosonic Crystal Orders via Full Distribution Functions
We explore the groundstates of a few dipolar bosons in optical lattices with
incommensurate filling. The competition of kinetic, potential, and interaction
energies leads to the emergence of a variety of crystal state orders with
characteristic one- and two-body densities. We probe the transitions between
these orders and construct the emergent state diagram as a function of the
dipolar interaction strength and the lattice depth. We show that the crystal
state orders can be observed using the full distribution functions of the
particle number extracted from simulated single-shot images.Comment: 6 pages, 3 Figures in main text. Supplementary Information included.
This version accepted for publication at Physical Review Letters. Software
for the computations available at http://www.ultracold.or
Accelerating Universe as Window for Extra Dimensions
Homogeneous cosmological solutions are obtained in five dimensional space
time assuming equations of state and where p
is the isotropic 3 - pressure and , that for the fifth dimension. Using
different values for the constants k and many known solutions are
rediscovered. Further the current acceleration of the universe has led us to
investigate higher dimensional gravity theory, which is able to explain
acceleration from a theoretical view point without the need of introducing dark
energy by hand. We argue that the terms containing higher dimensional metric
coefficients produce an extra negative pressure that apparently drives an
acceleration of the 3D space, tempting us to suggest that the accelerating
universe seems to act as a window to the existence of extra spatial dimensions.
Interestingly the 5D matter field remains regular while the \emph{effective}
negative pressure is responsible for the inflation. Relaxing the assumptions of
two equations of state we also present a class of solutions which provide early
deceleration followed by a late acceleration in a unified manner. Interesting
to point out that in this case our cosmology apparently mimics the well known
quintessence scenario fuelled by a generalised Chaplygin-type of fluid where a
smooth transition from a dust dominated model to a de Sitter like one takes
place.Comment: 20 pages,3 figure
Alleviating Effect of High Protein Diet on the Toxic Effect of Organophospho~C ompounds on the Growth of Rats
Elevation of protein in the diet from 19 to 59 per cent ,and keptisocaloric significantly improved the growth over a period of 20 days of male albino rats exposed to the toxic stress of DFP, EPN and Malathion
Effect of Diisopropyl Phosphorofluoridate in Some Aspects of Carbohydrate Metabolism
An acute dose of DFP equivalent to 50 per cent of the LD50 cause glycogenolysis and hyperglycemia in male albino rats. The hyperglycemic effect can atleast be partially suppressed by the administration of insulin. Under sub-acute dose equivalent to 5 per cent of the LD50, there is glycogenolysis but no change is blood glucose. The action of DFP on carbohydrate metabolism seems to be mediated through adrenal gland. DFP also increases the glycolytic rate, suppresses the LDH activity and is hepatotoxic
Elliptic flow of thermal photons and dileptons
In this talk we describe the recently discovered rich phenomenology of
elliptic flow of electromagnetic probes of the hot matter created in
relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using a hydrodynamic model for the
space-time dynamics of the collision fireball created in Au+Au collisions at
RHIC, we compute the transverse momentum spectra and elliptic flow of thermal
photons and dileptons. These observables are shown to provide differential
windows into various stages of the fireball expansion.Comment: 8 pages, including 9 figures. Invited talk at the Hard Probes 2006
Conference (Asilomar, June 9-16, 2006), to appear in the Proceedings
(Elsevier
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