Measurement of tumor estradiol and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in breast cancer patients-0

Tissue (= 0.005). Each symbol represents an individual patient.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "measurement of tumor estradiol and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in breast cancer patients"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/73</p><p>BMC Cancer 2008;8():73-73.</p><p>Published online 18 Mar 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2279135.</p><p></p

Measurement of tumor estradiol and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in breast cancer patients-1

tissue sampled by microdialysis. Each symbol represents an individual patient.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "measurement of tumor estradiol and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in breast cancer patients"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/73</p><p>BMC Cancer 2008;8():73-73.</p><p>Published online 18 Mar 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2279135.</p><p></p

Correlations of VEGF and estradiol.

<p>Microdialysis in normal breast tissue and abdominal subcutaneous fat was performed in five sets of women; in follicular and luteal phases of six premenopausal women (12 investigations), in two consecutive luteal phases of five premenopausal women (10 investigations in unexposed tissue), in nine premenopausal women before and after the addition of 25 g of ground flaxseed/day to their diet, in five healthy postmenopausal women, and in 11 women before and after tamoxifen therapy as an adjuvant for early breast cancer (on two women microdialysis was performed in breast tissue only). Estradiol and extracellular and plasma levels of VEGF are presented as raw data from unexposed tissues. Open squares represent healthy postmenopausal women; open triangles represent postmenopausal women with previous breast cancer. A. There were a significant positive correlation between extracellular VEGF in breast tissue and estradiol; r = 0.6, p<0.001, n = 47. B. There were a significant positive correlation between extracellular VEGF in abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue and estradiol; r = 0.4, p<0.01, n = 45. C. There were no correlation between plasma VEGF and estradiol, r = 0.06, p = 0.7, n = 47.</p

Extracellular endostatin levels in vivo.

<p>Microdialysis in normal breast tissue and abdominal subcutaneous fat was performed in five sets of women; in follicular and luteal phases of six premenopausal women, in two consecutive luteal phases of five premenopausal women, in nine premenopausal women before and after the addition of 25 g of ground flaxseed/day to their diet, in five healthy postmenopausal women, and in 11 women before and after tamoxifen therapy as an adjuvant for early breast cancer (on two women microdialysis was performed in breast tissue only). A. There were no changes in extracellular Endostatin levels in breast tissue of healthy postmenopausal women and premenopausal women in the follicular phase. Endostatin decreased significantly in the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase, ***p<0.0001, n = 6. There were no change during the two consecutive luteal phases, n = 5. B. There were no significant changes in extracellular Endostatin in fat tissue. C. There were a significant increase of the extracellular breast endostatin levels in the luteal phase after flaxseed supplementation, **p<0.01, n = 9. The levels of endostatin in fat tissue did not change after a diet of flaxseed. D. Extracellular breast levels of endostatin increased significantly after six weeks of tamoxifen treatment, **p<0.01, n = 11. The levels of endostatin in fat tissue did also increase after the treatment period, *p<0.05 n = 9.</p

Extracellular VEGF levels in vivo.

<p>Microdialysis in normal breast tissue and abdominal subcutaneous fat was performed in five sets of women; in follicular and luteal phases of six premenopausal women, in two consecutive luteal phases of five premenopausal women, in nine premenopausal women before and after the addition of 25 g of ground flaxseed/day to their diet, in five healthy postmenopausal women, and in 11 women before and after tamoxifen therapy as an adjuvant for early breast cancer (on two women microdialysis was performed in breast tissue only). A. There were no changes in extracellular VEGF levels in breast tissue of healthy postmenopausal women and premenopausal women in the follicular phase. VEGF increased significantly in the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase, **p<0.01, n = 6. There were no change during the two consecutive luteal phases, n = 5. B. There were no significant changes in extracellular VEGF in fat tissue. C. There were no significant changes in extracellular breast or fat VEGF levels in the luteal phase after flaxseed supplementation, n = 9. D. Extracellular breast levels of VEGF decreased significantly after six weeks of tamoxifen treatment, *p<0.05, n = 11. As did also the extracellular fat VEGF levels after the treatment period, *p<0.05, n = 9. Inset shows re-scaled tamoxifen data.</p

Hormone exposure of breast tissue biopsies ex vivo.

<p>Tissue biopsies from pre-menopausal women undergoing reduction mammoplasties were cultured for seven days in serum-free medium supplemented with hormone solvent (C) or in the presence of estradiol (E2; 10⁻⁹ M), a combination of estradiol and progesterone to mimic the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (E2+P4; 10⁻⁹ M and 10⁻⁸ M, respectively), and tamoxifen (Tam 10⁻⁶ M). A. Estradiol alone and in combination with progesterone increased the levels of VEGF significantly, **p<0.01, n = 5–6 biopsies in each group. B. Estradiol alone and in combination with progesterone increased the levels of angiogenin significantly, *p<0.05, n = 5–6 biopsies in each group. C. Estradiol alone and in combination with progesterone decreased the levels of endostatin significantly, *p<0.05, n = 5–6 biopsies in each group. D. Tamoxifen decreased the levels of VEGF significantly, ***p<0.001, n = 5–7 biopsies in each group. E. Tamoxifen decreased the levels of angiogenin significantly, *p<0.05, n = 5–7 biopsies in each group. F. Tamoxifen increased the levels of endostatin significantly, **p<0.01, n = 5–7 biopsies in each group.</p

Extracellular angiogenin levels in vivo.

<p>Microdialysis in normal breast tissue and abdominal subcutaneous fat was performed in five sets of women; in follicular and luteal phases of six premenopausal women, in two consecutive luteal phases of five premenopausal women, in nine premenopausal women before and after the addition of 25 g of ground flaxseed/day to their diet, in five healthy postmenopausal women, and in 11 women before and after tamoxifen therapy as an adjuvant for early breast cancer (on two women microdialysis was performed in breast tissue only). A. There were no changes in extracellular Angiogenin levels in breast tissue of healthy postmenopausal women and premenopausal women in the follicular phase. Angiogenin increased significantly in the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase, ***p<0.0001, n = 6. There were no change during the two consecutive luteal phases, n = 5. B. There were no significant changes in extracellular Angiogenin in fat tissue. C. There were no significant changes in extracellular breast or fat angiogenin levels in the luteal phase after flaxseed supplementation, n = 9. D. Extracellular breast levels of angiogenin decreased significantly after six weeks of tamoxifen treatment, **p<0.01, n = 11. There were no changes in extracellular fat angiogenin after the treatment period, n = 9.</p

Correlations of angiogenin and estradiol.

<p>Microdialysis in normal breast tissue and abdominal subcutaneous fat was performed in five sets of women; in follicular and luteal phases of six premenopausal women (12 investigations), in two consecutive luteal phases of five premenopausal women (10 investigations in unexposed tissue), in nine premenopausal women before and after the addition of 25 g of ground flaxseed/day to their diet, in five healthy postmenopausal women, and in 11 women before and after tamoxifen therapy as an adjuvant for early breast cancer (on two women microdialysis was performed in breast tissue only). Estradiol and extracellular and plasma levels of angiogenin are presented as raw data from unexposed tissues. Open square represents healthy postmenopausal women; open triangle represents postmenopausal women with previous breast cancer. A. There was a strong correlation between estradiol and extracellular breast angiogenin, r = 0.81, p<0.0001, n = 47. B. There was a significant correlation between extracellular fat angiogenin and estradiol, r = 0.6, p<0.0001, n = 45. C. There were no correlation between plasma angiogenin and estradiol, r = 0.06, p = 0.7, n = 47.</p