De dog för att vi skulle leva : Rysslands patriotiska fostran och de levandes plikter mot de döda

This article discusses military-patriotic education in Russia, focusing on the example of the nationwide search movement. This civil movement of volunteers is searching for the remains of fallen soldiers left on the battlefields from the Second World War all over Russia. The movement has young people as a main target group, and explicitly wants to make a contribution to the patriotic upbringing of Russia's young. In this work, the movement relates to the official government plans for patriotic education. As the prefix ‘military’ often is used, patriotic education can be seen as one aspect of civil-military relations. In both the government plans and within the search movement, a distinction tends to be made between ‘good’ patriotism and ‘bad’ nationalism, and the article discusses both these notions in the Soviet/Russian context. A number of obligations are central to the notion of patriotism: for the search movement, an obligation to the past, to remember, is the most important

Multiprocessor performances for dynamic programming

A new generation of microprocessors called transputers provide support for multiprocessing and communications. This paper compares performances obtained with different processors (68000 μP, signal processors, transputers) in single and multiprocessor configurations for a typical dynamic programming application. Dynamic programming is used on a multiprocessor architecture in order to compute automatically terrain elevation in a reasonable tim

Transputer based distributed cartographic image processing

Image processing requires large amounts of memory (main memory and mass storage) and important processing power. Digital signal processors (DSP) can increase processing speeds, but they don't provide any facilities for multiprocessing and for the management of mass storage devices. The present project requires the processing of large aerial photographs (20000×20000 pixels) for the automatic computation of terrain elevation. Currently, a CCD camera scans image parts of 512 by 480 pixels and transmits them to the image processing array. A processing array based on transputers was chosen for the parallelization of image processing operations. Such an architecture can easily be expanded if more processing power and storage capacity are required. The authors describe the message passing system ensuring communications between any processors of the network and several image processing algorithms running in a network which currently includes twenty transputer

An inertial sensor-based system for spatio-temporal analysis in classic cross-country skiing diagonal technique.

The present study proposes a method based on ski fixed inertial sensors to automatically compute spatio-temporal parameters (phase durations, cycle speed and cycle length) for the diagonal stride in classical cross-country skiing. The proposed system was validated against a marker-based motion capture system during indoor treadmill skiing. Skiing movement of 10 junior to world-cup athletes was measured for four different conditions. The accuracy (i.e. median error) and precision (i.e. interquartile range of error) of the system was below 6ms for cycle duration and ski thrust duration and below 35ms for pole push duration. Cycle speed precision (accuracy) was below 0.1m/s (0.005m/s) and cycle length precision (accuracy) was below 0.15m (0.005m). The system was sensitive to changes of conditions and was accurate enough to detect significant differences reported in previous studies. Since capture volume is not limited and setup is simple, the system would be well suited for outdoor measurements on snow

DSR 15 T, a system for the automatic derivation of a digital terrain model

The Institute of Photogrammetry has developed a peripheral system for the automatic derivation of digital terrain models for the analytical plotter Kern DSR 15; this project is carried out in close collaboration with Leica AG. The principal component of the system is a parallel processor based on Transputer technology. The correlation process itself runs off-line on the Transputer system according to the Multi-Templet-Matching procedure. In a second phase, the results of the image correlation are smoothed during a process which also filters out the terrain obstacles. This process runs completely automatically. The analytical plotter DSR 15 is used for the digitalization of aerial photographs and for the control and possible revision of digital terrain models; consequently, the data are integrated into an information system. The results of the image correlation can also be used for the production of digital orthophotos. The procedure has been conceived for large-scale photographs (-1:5000); according to various precision analyses, a height precision smaller than 0.1% of the flying height can be obtained

Automatic measurement of key ski jumping phases and temporal events with a wearable system.

We propose a new method, based on inertial sensors, to automatically measure at high frequency the durations of the main phases of ski jumping (i.e. take-off release, take-off, and early flight). The kinematics of the ski jumping movement were recorded by four inertial sensors, attached to the thigh and shank of junior athletes, for 40 jumps performed during indoor conditions and 36 jumps in field conditions. An algorithm was designed to detect temporal events from the recorded signals and to estimate the duration of each phase. These durations were evaluated against a reference camera-based motion capture system and by trainers conducting video observations. The precision for the take-off release and take-off durations (indoor < 39 ms, outdoor = 27 ms) can be considered technically valid for performance assessment. The errors for early flight duration (indoor = 22 ms, outdoor = 119 ms) were comparable to the trainers' variability and should be interpreted with caution. No significant changes in the error were noted between indoor and outdoor conditions, and individual jumping technique did not influence the error of take-off release and take-off. Therefore, the proposed system can provide valuable information for performance evaluation of ski jumpers during training sessions