List of possible cytokines and growth factors involved in cashmere goat hair follicle development and cycling.

<p>List of possible cytokines and growth factors involved in cashmere goat hair follicle development and cycling.</p

Exploring Differentially Expressed Genes by RNA-Seq in Cashmere Goat (<i>Capra hircus</i>) Skin during Hair Follicle Development and Cycling

<div><p>Cashmere goat (<i>Capra hircus</i>) hair follicle development and cycling can be divided into three stages: anagen, catagen and telogen. To elucidate the genes involved in hair follicle development and cycling in cashmere goats, transcriptome profiling of skin was carried out by analysing samples from three hair follicle developmental stages using RNA-Seq. The RNA-Seq analysis generated 8487344, 8142514 and 7345335 clean reads in anagen, catagen and telogen stages, respectively, which provided abundant data for further analysis. A total of 1332 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, providing evidence that the development of hair follicles among the three distinct stages changed considerably. A total of 683 genes with significant differential expression were detected between anagen and catagen, 530 DEGs were identified between anagen and telogen, and 119 DEGs were identified between catagen and telogen. A large number of DEGs were predominantly related to cellular process, cell & cell part, binding, biological regulation and metabolic process among the different stages of hair follicle development. In addition, the Wnt, Shh, TGF-β and Notch signaling pathways may be involved in hair follicle development and the identified DEGs may play important roles in these signaling pathways. These results will expand our understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms of hair follicle development and cycling in cashmere goats and provide a foundation for future studies.</p></div

Chiral Pentacarboxycyclopentadiene-Based Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Meso-Epoxides by 2‑Mercaptobenzothiazoles

Enantioselective desymmetrization of meso-epoxides by 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles was realized by using the pentacarboxycyclopentadiene-based chiral Brønsted acid in combination of <i>N</i>-isopropylaniline as amine additive to give up to 90.5:9.5 er of the ring opening products

The numbers of DEGs between different developmental stages.

<p>Between the anagen and catagen libraries, there were 255 upregulated genes and 428 downregulated genes; Between the anagen and telogen libraries, there were 223 upregulated genes and 307 downregulated genes, while there were 94 upregulated genes and 25 downregulated genes between the catagen and telogen libraries.</p

Percent of coverage representing the percentage of genes expressed at each of the stages.

<p>The distribution of distinct reads over different read abundance categories showed similar patterns for all the three RNA-Seq libraries. The similarity distribution had a comparable pattern with about 20% of the sequences having an 80% similarity, while approximately 80% of the hits had a similar range.</p

The qPCR validations of DEGs characterised by RNA-Seq.

<p>The results verified that these genes were differentially expressed at different hair follicle developmental stages, consistent with the RNA-Seq findings.</p

GO functional analysis of DEGs based on RNA-Seq data.

<p>The results were summarised in three main categories: biological process, cellular component and molecular function. Among these groups, the terms cellular process, cell & cell part and binding were dominant in each of the three main categories, respectively.</p

Summary of read numbers based on the RNA-Seq data from cashmere goat hair follicle development and cycling.

<p>Summary of read numbers based on the RNA-Seq data from cashmere goat hair follicle development and cycling.</p

List of possible signaling pathways and genes involved in cashmere goat hair follicle development and cycling.

<p>List of possible signaling pathways and genes involved in cashmere goat hair follicle development and cycling.</p

Fluorescence “Turn On” Detection of Mercuric Ion Based on Bis(dithiocarbamato)copper(II) Complex Functionalized Carbon Nanodots

A new “turn on” fluorescence nanosensor for selective Hg²⁺ determination is reported based on bis­(dithiocarbamato)­copper­(II) functionalized carbon nanodots (CuDTC₂-CDs). The CuDTC₂ complex was conjugated to the prepared amine-coated CDs by the condensation of carbon disulfide onto the nitrogen atoms in the surface amine groups, followed by the coordination of copper­(II) to the resulting dithiocarbamate groups (DTC) and finally by the additional coordination of ammonium N-(dithicarbaxy) sarcosine (DTCS) to form the CuDTC₂-complexing CDs. The CuDTC₂ complex at surface strongly quenched the bright-blue fluorescence of the CDs by a combination of electron transfer and energy transfer mechanism. Hg²⁺ could immediately switch on the fluorescence of the CuDTC₂-CDs by promptly displacing the Cu²⁺ in the CuDTC₂ complex and thus shutting down the energy transfer pathway, in which the sensitive limit for Hg²⁺ as low as 4 ppb was reached. Moreover, a paper-based sensor has been fabricated by printing the CuDTC₂-CDs probe ink on a piece of cellulose acetate paper using a commercial inkjet printer. The fluorescence “turn on” on the paper provided the most conveniently visual detection of aqueous Hg²⁺ ions by the observation with naked eye. The very simple and effective strategy reported here facilitates the development of portable and reliable fluorescence nanosensors for the determination of Hg²⁺ in real samples