Effects of Water on Mica–Ionic Liquid Interfaces

A growing body of work shows that water can affect the structure and properties of the ionic liquids near solid surfaces, which has rich ramifications in applications of ionic liquids such as lubrication and energy storage. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate how water affects the three-dimensional structure of ionic liquids [BMIM]­[Tf₂N] near mica surfaces with two different charge densities. We show that water can alter not only the layering of ions near the mica surface but also their lateral and orientation ordering and the aggregation of cations’ hydrophobic tails. Water often, but not always, weakens the structuring of interfacial ionic liquids. The multifaceted impact of water on the interfacial structure of ionic liquids can be traced back to the fact that water is both a dielectric solvent and a molecular liquid. Based on the additional observations that the adsorption of water at mica–ionic liquid interfaces is enhanced by ionic liquids and surface charge, we suggest that the structure of ionic liquids near solid surfaces is governed by the three-way coupling between the self-organization of ions, the adsorption of interfacial water, and the electrification of the solid surfaces

The age distribution of nosocomial <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex isolates from children younger than 18 years.

<p>The age distribution of nosocomial <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex isolates from children younger than 18 years.</p

Comparison of risk factors among children with nosocomial MDR <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex and nosocomial non-MDR <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex: univariate analysis.

<p>Comparison of risk factors among children with nosocomial MDR <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex and nosocomial non-MDR <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex: univariate analysis.</p

The distribution of nosocomial <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex isolates from children in different hospital departments.

<p>The distribution of nosocomial <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex isolates from children in different hospital departments.</p

The antibiotic susceptibility of nosocomial <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex.

<p>The antibiotic susceptibility of nosocomial <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex.</p

IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 levels of children with nosocomial <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex.

<p>IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 levels of children with nosocomial <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> complex.</p

Alkynyl Acylammoniums as Electrophilic 3C Synthons in a Formal [3 + 3] Annulation: Access to Functionalized 4<i>H</i>‑Pyran-4-ones

Alkynyl acylammoniums generated in situ from alkynyl acids are first used as electrophilic 3C synthons in a formal [3 + 3] annulation with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds for regioselective synthesis of functionalized 4<i>H</i>-pyran-4-ones via a 4-(dimethylamino)­pyridine/Lewis acid dual-activation strategy. This protocol paves the way for further investigation of alkynyl acylammoniums as 3C synthons for construction of diverse heterocyclic skeletons

Alkynyl Acylammoniums as Electrophilic 3C Synthons in a Formal [3 + 3] Annulation: Access to Functionalized 4<i>H</i>‑Pyran-4-ones

Alkynyl acylammoniums generated in situ from alkynyl acids are first used as electrophilic 3C synthons in a formal [3 + 3] annulation with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds for regioselective synthesis of functionalized 4<i>H</i>-pyran-4-ones via a 4-(dimethylamino)­pyridine/Lewis acid dual-activation strategy. This protocol paves the way for further investigation of alkynyl acylammoniums as 3C synthons for construction of diverse heterocyclic skeletons

Enantioselective Iodolactonization of Disubstituted Olefinic Acids Using a Bifunctional Catalyst

The enantioselective iodolactonizations of a series of diversely substituted olefinic carboxylic acids are promoted by a BINOL-derived, bifunctional catalyst. Reactions involving 5-alkyl- and 5-aryl-4(<i>Z</i>)-pentenoic acids and 6-alkyl- and 6-aryl-5(<i>Z</i>)-hexenoic acids provide the corresponding γ- and δ-lactones having stereogenic C–I bonds in excellent yields and >97:3 er. Significantly, this represents the first organocatalyst that promotes both bromo- and iodolactonization with high enantioselectivities. The potential of this catalyst to induce kinetic resolutions of racemic unsaturated acids is also demonstrated

Independent 1D Nanosized Metal–Organic Tube: Anion Exchange, Separation, and Anion-Responsive Luminescence

Three independent 1D metal–organic nanotubes Ag<b>L</b>₂X₂ [X = PF₆^– (<b>1</b>), ClO₄^– (<b>2</b>), and SbF₆^– (<b>3</b>)] with anion exchange, separation, and anion-responsive photoluminescence are reported