γ-ray spectroscopy of neutron-deficient 123Ce

Excited states have been identified in the very neutron-deficient Z=58 nucleus 123Ce. This is the most neutron-deficient odd-A cerium isotope in which excited states have been identified. The states have been unambiguously assigned to 123Ce by detecting de-excitation γ rays in coincidence with evaporated charged particles and neutrons. Three rotational bands, each consisting of at least eight E2 transitions, have been observed. The bands have tentatively been assigned to be based on neutrons in g7/2 and h11/2 orbitals. Two of the bands have been assigned to be signature partners, although no interband transitions have been observed. The aligned angular momenta of the bands have been studied in comparison with neighboring nuclei and with the results of Woods-Saxon cranking calculations. Observation of the deformation-dependent π(h11/2)2 quasiparticle alignment at 0.36MeV/ in each of the bands suggests a quadrupole deformation of β2 0.3, in good agreement with theoretical predictions for the suggested possible configuration assignments

Observation of excited states in the near-drip-line nucleus 125Pr

High-spin states have been observed in the near-drip-line nucleus 125Pr following the reaction 64Zn(64Zn, p2n). The detection of charged particles and neutrons evaporated from the compound system, along with the M/q of the recoiling nucleus, have allowed the identification of excited states in 125Pr and the unambiguous assignment of five rotational structures to this nucleus. This is the most neutron-deficient Pr isotope in which excited states have been observed. The strongest band is identified as the h11/2 single-quasiproton configuration, and is observed to a maximum spin of I = (67/2hℏ). Another structure is interpreted as the g9/2 proton hole state, which is associated with bands of enhanced deformation observed in several nuclei in this mass region. These two bands are compared with analogous bands in the heavier odd-A Pr isotopes and changes in deformation are discussed

Core-excited smoothly terminating band in 114Xe

High-spin states have been studied in neutron-deficient 54114Xe, populated through the 58Ni(58Ni,2p) fusion-evaporation reaction at 230 MeV. The Gammasphere γ-ray spectrometer has been used in conjunction with the Microball charged-particle detector in order to select evaporation residues of interest. The yrast band has been greatly extended to a tentative spin of 52hℏ and shows features consistent with smooth band termination. This band represents the first evidence for a core-excited (six-particle, two-hole) proton configuration above Z = 53

Medium- and high-spin band structure of the chiral candidate 132La

none36Medium- and high-spin states of La-132 have been studied based on the data obtained from Mo-100(S-36, p3n) and Cd-116(Na-23, alpha 3n) fusion-evaporation reactions using the EUROBALL and Gammasphere detector arrays, respectively. Triple-gamma coincidence relations, angular correlations, and linear polarizations of the observed gamma transitions have been deduced. The level scheme of La-132 has been considerably extended, and unambiguous spin and parity values have been assigned to most of the excited states. The configuration of one of the bands is pi g(7/2)(h(11/2))(2)nu h(11/2) instead of the previously thought pi h(11/2)nu h(11/2); thus its previously suggested magnetic rotational character cannot be upheld. The observed similarities between the level structures of La-132 and Pr-134 suggest the possible existence of a third pi h(11/2)nu h(11/2) band in La-132 that may show chiral features.noneI. Kuti;J. Timár;D. Sohler;E. Paul;K. Starosta;A. Astier;D. Bazzacco;P. Bednarczyk;A. Boston;N. Buforn;H. Chantler;C. Chiara;R. Clark;M. Cromaz;M. Descovich;Zs. Dombrádi;P. Fallon;D. Fossan;C. Fox;A. Gizon;J. Gizon;A. Hecht;N. Kintz;T. Koike;I. Lee;S. Lunardi;A. Macchiavelli;P. Nolan;B. Nyakó;C. Petrache;J. Sampson;H. Scraggs;T. Tornyi;R. Wadsworth;A. Walker;L. ZolnaiI., Kuti; J., Timár; D., Sohler; E., Paul; K., Starosta; A., Astier; D., Bazzacco; P., Bednarczyk; A., Boston; N., Buforn; H., Chantler; C., Chiara; R., Clark; M., Cromaz; M., Descovich; Dombrádi, Z. s.; P., Fallon; D., Fossan; C., Fox; A., Gizon; J., Gizon; A., Hecht; N., Kintz; T., Koike; I., Lee; Lunardi, Santo; A., Macchiavelli; P., Nolan; B., Nyakó; C., Petrache; J., Sampson; H., Scraggs; T., Tornyi; R., Wadsworth; A., Walker; L., Zolna

Theory of Attosecond Pulse Generation

This chapter will discuss the theoretical aspects of producing attosecond pulses via the process of high harmonic generation driven by an intense infrared laser pulse. We will discuss the generation of attosecond pulses both at the single atom and at the macroscopic level, including a discussion of phase matching. Our goal is to broaden the understanding of attosecond pulse generation beyond the single atom level, where one thinks about the emission in terms of the laser-atom interaction alone, to include macroscopic aspects of this process. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013