DocTrack: A Visually-Rich Document Dataset Really Aligned with Human Eye Movement for Machine Reading

The use of visually-rich documents (VRDs) in various fields has created a demand for Document AI models that can read and comprehend documents like humans, which requires the overcoming of technical, linguistic, and cognitive barriers. Unfortunately, the lack of appropriate datasets has significantly hindered advancements in the field. To address this issue, we introduce \textsc{DocTrack}, a VRD dataset really aligned with human eye-movement information using eye-tracking technology. This dataset can be used to investigate the challenges mentioned above. Additionally, we explore the impact of human reading order on document understanding tasks and examine what would happen if a machine reads in the same order as a human. Our results suggest that although Document AI models have made significant progress, they still have a long way to go before they can read VRDs as accurately, continuously, and flexibly as humans do. These findings have potential implications for future research and development of Document AI models. The data is available at \url{https://github.com/hint-lab/doctrack}.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, Accepted by Findings of EMNLP202

Performance of Sn–3.0Ag–0.5Cu composite solder with TiC reinforcement: physical properties, solderability and microstructural evolution under isothermal ageing

This paper is focused on the effect of TiC nano-reinforcement that was successfully introduced into a SAC305 lead-free solder alloy with different weight fractions (0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 wt%) through a powder-metallurgy route. Actual retained ratios of TiC reinforcement in composite solder billets and solder joints were quantitatively analysed. The obtained SAC/TiC solders were also studied extensively with regard to their coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), wettability and thermal properties. In addition, evolution of interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMCs) and corresponding changes in mechanical properties under thermal ageing were investigated. Only about 10%–30% of initial TiC nanoparticles added were found retained in the final composite solder joints. With an appropriate addition amount of TiC nanoparticles, the composite solders exhibited an improvement in their wettability. A negligible change in their melting point and a widened melting range were found in composite solders containing TiC reinforcement. Also, the CTE of composite solder alloys was effectively decreased when compared with the plain SAC solder alloy. In addition, a growth of interfacial IMCs in composite solder joints was notably suppressed under isothermal ageing condition, while their corresponding mechanical properties of composite solder joints significantly outperformed those of non-reinforced solder joints throughout the ageing period

Supply chain optimization of agricultural biomass waste for centralized power generation

Pre-treatment and storage of agriculture residue are crucial for its supply chain. To investigate the effect of pre-treatment methods (i.e. torrefaction and compaction), the number of storage depot, and power generation technology on supply chain model, this work compared 7 scenarios in order to optimize supply chain model for power generation in China using corn stalk as feedstock. Furthermore, the influential roles of supply chain parameters on power generation profitability will be investigated through sensitivity analysis. It was found that combined heat and power based power generation shows significant profitability compared with electricity generation. The results approved that supply chain model reaches the highest profitability with compaction as pre-treatment method and 9 storage depots. According to sensitivity analysis results, the capital investment cost of power plant is the most influential parameter for supply chain profitability, the followed by is the purchasing price of corn stock residue

A Novel Injectable Borate Bioactive Glass Cement As an Antibiotic Delivery Vehicle for Treating Osteomyelitis

Background: A novel injectable cement composed of chitosan-bonded borate bioactive glass (BG) particles was evaluated as a carrier for local delivery of vancomycin in the treatment of osteomyelitis in a rabbit tibial model. Materials and Methods: The setting time, injectability, and compressive strength of the borate BG cement, and the release profile of vancomycin from the cement were measured in vitro. The capacity of the vancomycin-loaded BG cement to eradicate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced osteomyelitis in rabbit tibiae in vivo was evaluated and compared with that for a vancomycin-loaded calcium sulfate (CS) cement and for intravenous injection of vancomycin. Results: The BG cement had an injectability of \u3e90% during the first 3 minutes after mixing, hardened within 30 minutes and, after hardening, had a compressive strength of 18±2 MPa. Vancomycin was released from the BG cement into phosphate-buffered saline for up to 36 days, and the cumulative amount of vancomycin released was 86% of the amount initially loaded into the cement. In comparison, vancomycin was released from the CS cement for up 28 days and the cumulative amount released was 89%. Two months post-surgery, radiography and microbiological tests showed that the BG and CS cements had a better ability to eradicate osteomyelitis when compared to intravenous injection of vancomycin, but there was no significant difference between the BG and CS cements in eradicating the infection. Histological examination showed that the BG cement was biocompatible and had a good capacity for regenerating bone in the tibial defects. Conclusions: These results indicate that borate BG cement is a promising material both as an injectable carrier for vancomycin in the eradication of osteomyelitis and as an osteoconductive matrix to regenerate bone after the infection is cured

USP10 is a potential mediator for vagus nerve stimulation to alleviate neuroinflammation in ischaemic stroke by inhibiting NF-κB signalling pathway

BackgroundVagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has a protective effect on neurological recovery in ischaemic stroke. However, its underlying mechanism remains to be clarified. Ubiquitin-specific protease 10 (USP10), a member of the ubiquitin-specific protease family, has been shown to inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway. Therefore, this study investigated whether USP10 plays a key role in the protective effect of VNS against ischemic stroke and explore its mechanism.MethodsIschaemic stroke model was constructed by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in mice. VNS was performed at 30 min, 24hr, and 48hr after the establishment of tMCAO model. USP10 expression induced by VNS after tMCAO was measured. LV-shUSP10 was used to establish the model with low expression of USP10 by stereotaxic injection technique. The effects of VNS with or without USP10 silencing on neurological deficits, cerebral infarct volume, NF-κB pathway activation, glial cell activation, and release of pro-inflammation cytokines were assessed.ResultsVNS enhanced the expression of USP10 following tMCAO. VNS ameliorated neurological deficits and reduced cerebral infarct volume, but this effect was inhibited by silencing of USP10. Activation of the NF-κB pathway and the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by tMCAO were suppressed by VNS. Moreover, VNS promoted the pro-to-anti-inflammatory response of microglia and inhibited activation of astrocytes, while silencing of USP10 prevented the neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of VNS.ConclusionUSP10 is a potential mediator for VNS to alleviate neurological deficits, neuroinflammation, and glial cell activation in ischaemic stroke by inhibiting NF-κB signalling pathway