Effect of pulse current on swimming time to exhaustion of rats.

(1)<p>Compared with control group: P>0.05;</p>(2)<p>Compared with training group, P>0.05;</p>(3)<p>Compared with control group: P<0.05;</p>(4)<p>Compared with training group, P<0.05;</p>(5)<p>Compared with A and C group: P<0.05;</p>(6)<p>Compared with A group: P>0.05.</p

Sections of liver tissue were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

<p>A, control group; B, five weeks exercise-training group; C, five weeks stimulating group.</p

Effect of pulse current on SOD, MDA and glycogen contents of liver.

(1)<p>Compared with control group: P>0.05;</p>(2)<p>Compared with control group: P<0.05;</p>(3)<p>Compared with exercise training group: P<0.05.</p

Effect of pulse current on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.

(1)<p>Compared with control group: P>0.05;</p>(2)<p>Compared with training group: P>0.05;</p>(3)<p>Compared with control group: P<0.05;</p>(4)<p>Compared with training group: P<0.05.</p

Effect of pulse current on ALT, AST, LD and LDA in blood serum.

(1)<p>Compared with control group: P<0.05;</p>(2)<p>Compared with stimulating groups: P<0.05;</p>(3)<p>Compared with stimulating B group: P<0.05;</p>(4)<p>Compared with stimulating A group: P>0.05;</p>(5)<p>Compared with control group: P>0.05;</p>(6)<p>Comparison between stimulating groups: P>0.05.</p

TEM of liver tissue.

<p>A and B, control group; C, one week exercise-training group; D, one week stimulating group; E, three weeks exercise-training group; F, three weeks stimulating group; G, five weeks exercise-training group; H, five weeks stimulating group.</p

Change in serum BALP, BGP, and TRAP in the groups (mean <i>±</i> SD, <i>n</i> = 42).

<p>(1) Compared with the control group, <i>P</i><0.05; (2) Compared with PG, <i>P</i><0.05; PG, forced posture group; VG, vibration group; TRAP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; BALP, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase; BGP, bone gla protein.</p

Comparison of empty bone lacuna rate (%, mean <i>±</i> SD, <i>n</i> = 6).

<p>(1) Compared with the control group, <i>P</i><0.05; (2) Compared with PG, <i>P</i><0.05; (3) Compared with itself in the fourth week, <i>P</i><0.05; PG, forced posture group; VG, vibration group.</p

Change in biomechanics in lumbar bone in the groups (mean <i>±</i> SD, <i>n</i> = 6).

<p>(1) Compared with the control group, <i>P</i><0.05; (2) Compared with PG, <i>P</i><0.05; (3) Compared with itself in the fourth week, <i>P</i><0.05; PG, forced posture group; VG, vibration group; SS, structural stiffness; ML, Max loading.</p

Number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the fifth lumbar spine (mean <i>±</i> SD, <i>n</i> = 6).

<p>(1) Compared with the control group, <i>P</i><0.05; (2) Compared with PG, <i>P</i><0.05; PG, forced posture group; VG, vibration group.</p