Similarities of Expressing Disagreement by Chinese and American College Students

To explore the ways in which modern Chinese and Americans express their disagreement in intercultural communication and to reveal the reasons for their usage from the perspectives of sociolinguistics and persuasive communication and with the rapport management as the theoretical framework, this paper focuses on the discourse analysis of implicit disagreement expressions between 11 pairs of Chinese and American college students. The analysis of the four-month communication corpus reveals that Chinese and American students tend to use implicit disagreement when they disagree with each other and there are more similarities than differences in the usage of implicit disagreement. The reasons are related to their respective cultures and globalization. In addition, students use more implicit disagreement in the latter stage of their communication since these students are attending the course Intercultural Communication while interacting with each other. Last but not the least, the study suggests that the learning mode of pairing up Chinese-American students seem to be able to greatly promote their intercultural communication competence

Effect of hydrogen on electrochemical behavior of additively manufactured 316L in pressurized water reactor primary water

The electrochemical behavior of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) 316 L stainless steel subject to different heat-treatments (solution annealing and hot isostatic pressing) is compared to nuclear-grade wrought 316 L in pressurized water reactor primary water at 288 °C (with and without dissolved hydrogen) using current-time transients, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Analysis of spectra by the Mixed-Conduction Model revealed slower corrosion rates of LPBF 316 L than wrought 316 L, the effect being more pronounced in the presence of dissolved hydrogen. The characteristics of the barrier layer and the oxide film/coolant interface were irreversibly altered upon removal of dissolved hydrogen

Effect of hydrogen on electrochemical behavior of additively manufactured 316L in pressurized water reactor primary water

The electrochemical behavior of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) 316 L stainless steel subject to different heat-treatments (solution annealing and hot isostatic pressing) is compared to nuclear-grade wrought 316 L in pressurized water reactor primary water at 288 °C (with and without dissolved hydrogen) using current-time transients, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Analysis of spectra by the Mixed-Conduction Model revealed slower corrosion rates of LPBF 316 L than wrought 316 L, the effect being more pronounced in the presence of dissolved hydrogen. The characteristics of the barrier layer and the oxide film/coolant interface were irreversibly altered upon removal of dissolved hydrogen

Mechanistic understanding of the localized corrosion behavior of laser powder bed fused 316L stainless steel in pressurized water reactor primary water

The laser powder bed fused (LPBFed) stainless steels showed anomalous and localized corrosion behavior in the nuclear reactor high-temperature water compared to their wrought counterparts, which affects their performance during plant operation. In this study, advanced microstructural characterization was performed on LPBFed 316 L sample along with wrought 316 L sample after corrosion tests to understand the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that an inhomogeneous/discontinuous inner oxide layer formed on LPBFed 316 L, in contrast to the continuous inner oxide layer on the wrought 316 L specimen. This discontinuous inner oxide layer was identified to consist of Cr-enriched nano-sized spinel oxide and the barrier layer features a Ni-enriched hexagonal close-packed Laves phase. Localized/preferential oxidation was found to occur along the cellular walls which were tangled with high density dislocations and decorated with Mn and Si-enriched nano-sized precipitates, and the nano-precipitates were observed in the core of dispersed Cr-enriched inner oxide crystals

Towards Runtime Customizable Trusted Execution Environment on FPGA-SoC

Processing sensitive data and deploying well-designed Intellectual Property (IP) cores on remote Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) are prone to private data leakage and IP theft. One effective solution is constructing Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) on FPGA-SoCs (FPGA System on Chips). Researchers have integrated this type TEE with Trusted Platform Module (TPM)-based trusted boot, denoted as FPGA-SoC tbTEE. But there is no effort on secure and trusted runtime customization of FPGA-SoC TEE. This paper extends FPGA-SoC tbTEE to build Runtime Customizable TEE (RCTEE) on FPGA-SoC by additive three major components (our work): 1) CrloadIP, which can load an IP core at runtime such that RCTEE can be adjusted dynamically and securely; 2) CexecIP, which can not only execute an IP core without modifying the operating system of FPGA-SoC TEE, but also prevent insider attacks from executing IPs deployed in RCTEE; 3) CremoAT, which can provide the newly measured RCTEE state and establish a secure and trusted communication path between remote verifiers and RCTEE. We conduct a security analysis of RCTEE and its performance evaluation on Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ XCZU15EG 2FFVB1156 MPSoC

Active and intelligent control onto thermal behaviors of a motorized spindle unit

Motorized spindle unit is the core component of a precision CNC machine tool. Its thermal errors perform generally serious disturbance onto the accuracy and accuracy stability of precision machining. Traditionally, the effectiveness of the compensation method for spindle thermal errors is restricted by machine freedom degrees. For this problem, this paper presents an active, differentiated, and intelligent control method onto spindle thermal behaviors, to realize comprehensive and accurate suppressions onto spindle thermal errors. Firstly, the mechanism of spindle heat generation/dissipation-structural temperature-thermal deformation error is analyzed. This modeling conveys that the constantly least spindle thermal errors can be realized by differentiated and active controls onto its structural thermal behaviors. Based on this principle, besides, the active control method is developed by a combination of extreme learning machine (ELM) and genetic algorithm (GA). The aim is to realize the general applicability of this active and intelligent control algorithm, for the spindle time-varying thermal behaviors. Consequently, the contrasting experiments clarify that the proposed active and intelligent control method can suppress accurately and synchronously all kinds of spindle thermal errors. It is significantly beneficial for the improvements of the accuracy and accuracy stability of motorized spindle units

A differentiated multi-loops bath recirculation system for precision machine tools

Traditional bath recirculation cooler for precision machine tools always has the uniform and open-loop cooling strategy onto different heat generating parts. This causes redundant generated heat being transferred into the machine structure, and results in unsatisfactory thermal errors of precision machine tools. For the solution of this problem, this paper presents the differentiated multi-loops bath recirculation system. The developed system can accomplish differentiated and close-loop cooling strategies onto machine heat generating parts during its operation. Specially, in order to illustrate the advantages of this system, constant supply cooling powers strategy is presented with its applications onto a certain type of built-in motorized spindle. Consequently, advantages of the proposed strategy based on the differentiated multi-loops bath recirculation system are verified experimentally in the environment within consistent temperature (TR = 20 ± 0.3°C). Compared with room temperature tracing strategy based on the traditional bath recirculation cooler, the constant supply cooling powers strategy is verified to be advantageous in spindle temperature stabilization and thermal errors decrease