E-Learning Initiatives in India

Abstract: emergence of world wide web has completely globalized the whole world into a global village business, entertainment, education, teaching, learning every field has achieved new dimensions and plays important role in the development of nation.one of the outcome of this is e learning. E-Learning is the extended form of traditional classroom teaching. The paper highlights concept, tools and initiatives taken by several and institutions and Library centers around the world and in India

Stochastic Activation of Enhancers in the Innate Immune Response by the Histone Demethylase JMJD2D

The architecture of chromatin is complex and plays a substantial role in all of the biological processes involving DNA. In particular, transcriptional activation depends on the interplay of dozens of chromatin modifiers to establish an epigenetic landscape permissive of gene transcription. Among the most dynamic histone modifications are the acetylation and methylation at histone 3 lysine 9, but the precise roles of their modifiers in conserved transcriptional programs remain unknown. Using the poly I:C-induced transcriptional response in MEFs as our model, we find that JMJD2d is a positive regulator of type I interferon responses. siRNA-depletion of the H3K9 demethylase JMJD2d attenuates gene activation and overexpression of JMJD2d potentiates the IFN response. We find that the underlying mechanism involves the activation of enhancers – knockdown of JMJD2d attenuates stimulus-induced enhancer activation, which is normally characterized by the accumulation of acetylated H3K9 and increased enhancer RNA transcription. In short, JMJD2d appears to control IFN responses by enabling the transition of enhancers from ‘poised’ (H3K9me3) to ‘active’ (H3K9ac) that allows for eRNA production. In support of this hypothesis, we observe that JMJD2d is tightly associated with enhancers in the genome and preferentially binds active enhancer regions. Taken together, JMJD2d represents the first example of a chromatin modifier with enhancer specificity and emerges as a potential therapeutic target in the modulation of IFN responses

Iodine nutritional status and goiter prevalence in primary school children aged 6-12 of Panchmahal district, Gujarat, India

Introduction: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) create major public health problems in India, including Gujarat. Panchmahal district is known for endemic iodine deficiency. The present study was conducted to (1) estimate the prevalence of goiter in primary school children, (2) determine median urinary iodine concentration, (3) assess the level of iodine in salt samples at the household and retail shop level, and (4) profile of salt sold at retail shops in Panchmahal district, Gujarat. Methods: A total of 70 students including five boys and five girls from 1st to 7th standard who were present on the day of the first visit were selected randomly for goiter examination from each village. Urine samples were collected from one boy and one girl from each standard in each cluster. From the community, at least 28 students, including two boys and two girls from each standard in the same age group, were examined, and salt samples were tested from their households. A total of 2100 students were examined in schools and 928 students were examined in the selected villages. From each village, one retail shop was visited, and salts purchased from those shops were immediately tested for iodine with spot kits.Results: Among young primary school children, goiter prevalence was 23.35% (grade 1—18.35%, grade 2—5.0%). As the ages increase, goiter prevalence also increases except for 9-year-olds. The median urinary iodine excretion level was 110 µg/L. An iodine level >15 ppm was found in 78.3% of the salt samples tested at household level. Conclusion: The present study showed considerable goiter prevalence in primary school children in Panchmahal district of Gujarat and an inadequate iodine content of salt at the household level

Social Change Communication: Need of the Hour for the Prevention of HIV/AIDS

For the last three decades or so, we all have been living with the pandemic of HIV and AIDS. Human behaviour is complex; widespread behaviour changes are challenging to achieve. Understanding the dynamics of HIV transmission can not be separated from an understanding of the broader context of poverty, inequality and social exclusion which create conditions where unsafe behaviour flourishes. HIV/AIDS is not a mere health issue: its occurrence is influenced by a number of socio-economic, cultural and ecological determinants. Social change communication is an inclusive way of responding to HIV/AIDS issues. Social change communication can tackle structural drivers of the HIV epidemic, with a particular focus on the drivers of gender inequality, stigma and discrimination, and human rights violations. Social change communication is bound to emerge as the vaccine and panacea for HIV and AIDS

Lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of HIV-1 infection: a review

Lopinavir/ritonavir is the first and only coformulated HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI). Large clinical trials have demonstrated lopinavir/ritonavir’s clinical efficacy in both antiretroviral-naïve and -experienced patients. The immunologic and virologic benefits of treatment with this agent have been proven in HIV-infected adults, adolescents, and children. Smaller studies support the use of lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy as a therapeutic option in certain patients. The drug is characterized by a high genetic barrier to resistance, and appears to be more forgiving of non-adherence than earlier, unboosted PIs. The most frequent side effects observed are diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. These gastrointestinal adverse effects are generally mild to moderate. Metabolic derangements, including hyperlipidemia and glucose intolerance, have also been observed in lopinavir/ritonavir recipients. As the menu of available antiretroviral agents continues to expand, lopinavir/ritonavir remains a proven and effective drug for the treatment of HIV infection

Kinetics of Oxidation of Glycollic Acid by Os (VIII)

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ADOPTION OF WEB 2.0 TECHNOLOGIES AMONG KNOWLEDGE WORKERS: A THEORETICAL INTEGRATION OF KNOWLEDGE SHARING AND SEEKING FACTORS

Web 2.0 applications have attracted considerable attention among knowledge workers as a means via which they can connect to peers for knowledge sharing. Web 2.0 use has potential to facilitate knowledge transfer in a much more improved way compared to previous communication tools. Despite of its benefits, there is limited research on adoption behaviour of these technologies. We propose a model linking knowledge sharing and seeking factors to web 2.0 acceptance among knowledge workers. Proposed research model is based on the extended attitude-behaviour framework. The model shows that attitudes towards sharing and seeking, determined by their salient belief sets, could have an impact on web 2.0 use. This study will make important contribution to IS area as it attempts to investigate the influnce of drivers from two motivational domain i.e. knowledge sharing and seeking on technology acceptance based on an integrated theoretical framework

E-Learning Initiatives in India

Abstract: emergence of world wide web has completely globalized the whole world into a global village business, entertainment, education, teaching, learning every field has achieved new dimensions and plays important role in the development of nation.one of the outcome of this is e learning. E-Learning is the extended form of traditional classroom teaching. The paper highlights concept, tools and initiatives taken by several and institutions and Library centers around the world and in India