Intussusception due to non Hodgkin’s lymphoma; different experiences in two children: two case reports

In children, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma has been found to be the lead point in intussusception involving the terminal ileum. We present here two cases of ileal primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma which presented as intussusception, highlighting the differing presentations of these children and their outcome, with a brief review of the literature

Effect of ondansetron on sensory level produced by intrathecal bupivacaine

Background: For spinal anesthesia there are drugs which can increase the level and quality of analgesia. Any drug which decreases sensory block level in spinal anesthesia is of great concern as it may need analgesic, sedative, supplement or even conversion to general anesthesia. Ondansetron is one such drug which has been reported to decrease the height of sensory block achieved after subarachnoid administration of bupivacaine. In this prospective observational study, we studied the effect of administration of ondansetron on the level of the sensory block achieved after subarachnoid blockade.Methods: In Group II, 4 mg ondansetron was given and 15 mins before giving spinal anesthesia Group II against control group receiving 2 ml saline intravenous (Group I). 15 mins before giving spinal anesthesia. Both groups received 3.5 ml of bupivacaine heavy was given intrathecally. Sensory and motor block was assessed 5, 15, and 30 mins. We analyzed both highest spinal block level achieved and time to regress to L1 level.Results: We found that in Group II both highest level of sensory block (T6 by median method) duration to regress to L1 level (1.43±0.22 hrs) was lesser as compared to group I and Group III T4 by median method and time to regress from T6 to L1 Group I 2.03±0.06 hrs Group III 1.84±0.27 hrs. Motor block did not differ between groups.Conclusions: We concluded that probably ondansetron was responsible for lower spinal block level and early recovery from spinal anesthesia after intrathecal bupivacaine and should not be given empirically for nausea and vomiting

Accuracy of Frozen Section with Histopathological Report in an Institute

Introduction: Frozen section helps in rapid intra-operative diagnosis. It is commonly used during surgical procedures to detect malignancy so that modifications of surgery can be decided at the time of surgery on the table. Frozen section is also performed for evaluation of surgical margins and detection of lymph node metastasis. In addition it is applied for detection of unknown pathological processes.The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of frozen section diagnosis in comparison to gold standard histopathological diagnosis and to find concordance and discordance rate of frozen section with histopathological report. Methods: This was a cross sectional study of 41 frozen section samples done in the department of pathology of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences from September 2014 to August 2015. All frozen section samples with their permanent tissue samples sent for final histopathological evaluation were included in the study. Results: The overall accuracy of frozen section diagnosis was 97%. The sensitivity was 94%, specificity was 87%, positive predictive value was 90% and negative predictive value was 93%. The concordance rate was 90.2% and the discordance rate was 9.8%. Conclusions: The results of frozen section varied in different organ systems and the common cause of discrepancy in our study were the gross sampling error and the interpretational error

A report of a rare congenital malformation in a Nepalese child with congenital pouch colon: a case report

Congenital pouch colon is one of rare congenital anomalies. We report a 3-day-old male child with congenital pouch colon who underwent a window colostomy but died because of overwhelming sepsis. Due to its rarity, many surgeons in our part of the world may not be aware of it, hence increasing the potential to its mismanagement. However, with simple keen observations, we can safely come to its diagnosis. The aim of this report is to bring attention to congenital pouch colon associated with anorectal malformation in our country, with a brief emphasis on an approach to its diagnosis and initial management

Recent Advances in the Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

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