STROCSS 2021: Strengthening the reporting of cohort, cross-sectional and case-control studies in surgery

Introduction: Strengthening The Reporting Of Cohort Studies in Surgery (STROCSS) guidelines were developed in 2017 in order to improve the reporting quality of observational studies in surgery and updated in 2019. In order to maintain relevance and continue upholding good reporting quality among observational studies in surgery, we aimed to update STROCSS 2019 guidelines. / Methods: A STROCSS 2021 steering group was formed to come up with proposals to update STROCSS 2019 guidelines. An expert panel of researchers assessed these proposals and judged whether they should become part of STROCSS 2021 guidelines or not, through a Delphi consensus exercise. / Results: 42 people (89%) completed the DELPHI survey and hence participated in the development of STROCSS 2021 guidelines. All items received a score between 7 and 9 by greater than 70% of the participants, indicating a high level of agreement among the DELPHI group members with the proposed changes to all the items. / Conclusion: We present updated STROCSS 2021 guidelines to ensure ongoing good reporting quality among observational studies in surgery

Diabetes mellitus and oral lichen planus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To undertake a meta-analysis of the association of Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) with diabetes, two diseases with an important impact on public health and the economy, but the evidence of which about their association is inconsistent. Methods: Relevant studies were localized by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Conference Proceedings, and other databases from inception to October 2020, without restrictions. The reference lists of included studies and of related reviews were also inspected. Global pooled odds ratios were calculated, and predefined subgroup analyses were performed. The heterogeneity between studies and publication bias was assessed and sensitivity analysis was carried out. Results: Thirty-two studies were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled ORs showed a moderate association between diabetes and OLP [OR: 1.87 (95%CI: 1.57, 2.34)]. The association is limited to studies carried out on adults only [OR: 2.12 (95%CI: 1.75, 2.57)] and is observed in all study designs. Globally, the heterogeneity was low to moderate. Studies carried out in European populations show a stronger association of diabetes and OLP than Asiatic studies [OR: 2.49 (95%CI: 1.87, 3.32) and 1.60 (95%CI: 1.25, 2.03), respectively]. Conclusions: Diabetes and OLP are moderately associated. Systematic diagnosis of diabetes in OLP patients could prove usefulS

Preferred reporting of case series in surgery; the PROCESS guidelines

Introduction Case series have been a long held tradition within the surgical literature and are still frequently published. Reporting guidelines can improve transparency and reporting quality. No guideline exists for reporting case series, and our recent systematic review highlights the fact that key data are being missed from such reports. Our objective was to develop reporting guidelines for surgical case series. Methods A Delphi consensus exercise was conducted to determine items to include in the reporting guideline. Items included those identified from a previous systematic review on case series and those included in the SCARE Guidelines for case reports. The Delphi questionnaire was administered via Google Forms and conducted using standard Delphi methodology. Surgeons and others with expertise in the reporting of case series were invited to participate. In round one, participants voted to define case series and also what elements should be included in them. In round two, participants voted on what items to include in the PROCESS guideline using a nine-point Likert scale to assess agreement as proposed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) working group. Results In round one, there was a 49% (29/59) response rate. Following adjustment of the guideline with incorporation of recommended changes, round two commenced and there was an 81% (48/59) response rate. All but one of the items were approved by the participants and Likert scores 7-9 were awarded by >70% of respondents. The final guideline consists of an eight item checklist. Conclusion We present the PROCESS Guideline, consisting of an eight item checklist that will improve the reporting quality of surgical case series. We encourage authors, reviewers, editors, journals, publishers and the wider surgical and scholarly community to adopt these

The SCARE 2018 statement: Updating consensus Surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines

Introduction: The SCARE Guidelines were published in 2016 to provide a structure for reporting surgical case reports. Since their publication, SCARE guidelines have been widely endorsed by authors, journal editors, and reviewers, and have helped to improve reporting transparency of case reports across a range of surgical specialties. In order to encourage further progress in reporting quality, the SCARE guidelines must themselves be kept up to date. We completed a Delphi consensus exercise to update the SCARE guidelines. Methods: A Delphi consensus exercise was undertaken. All members of the previous Delphi group were invited to participate, in addition to researchers who have previously studied case reports, and editors from the International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. The expert group was sent an online questionnaire where they were asked to rate their agreement with proposed changes to each of the 24 items. Results: 56 people agreed to participate and 45 (80%) invitees completed the survey which put forward modifications to the original guideline. The collated responses resulted in modifications. There was high agreement amongst the expert group. Conclusion: A modified and improved SCARE checklist is presented, after a Delphi consensus exercise was completed. The SCARE 2018 Statement: Updating Consensus Surgical CAse REport (SCARE) Guidelines

Erratum to “Erratum to “The SCARE guidelines: Consensus-based surgical case report guidelines” [Int. J. Surg. 34 (2016) 180–186]” [Int. J. Surg. 36 (2016) 396], (S1743919116310305), (10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.11.021))

The publisher regrets that the title in the original erratum was incorrect. The correct title of the item referred to is: The SCARE Statement: Consensus-based surgical case report guidelines The author name and affiliation for SCARE group member Mangesh A. Thorat has also been updated. The publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused

“The SCARE guidelines: Consensus-based surgical case report guidelines” [Int. J. Surg. 34 (2016) 180–186]((2016) 34 (180–186)(S174391911630303X)(10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.08.014))

The publisher regrets that there was an error in the author list of this paper. The members of the SCARE Group were not tagged as a collaborator group. This has now been corrected. The names of the collaborator group are as follows: Raafat Afifi, Cairo University Raha Al-Ahmadi, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Joerg Albrecht, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County Abdulrahman Alsawadi, Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust Jeffrey Aronson, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford M. Hammad Ather, Aga Khan University Mohammad Bashashati, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Somprakas Basu, Banarus Hindu University Patrick Bradley, Nottingham University Hospitals Mushtaq Chalkoo, Hyderpora Ben Challacombe, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust Trent Cross, James Cook University Laura Derbyshire, North West Deanery Naheed Farooq, Central Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust Jerome Hoffman, University of California Los Angeles Huseyin Kadioglu, Bezmialem Vakif University Veeru Kasivisvanathan, University College London Boris Kirshtein, Soroka University Medical Center Roberto Klappenbach, Simplemente Evita Hospital Daniel Laskin, Virginia Commonwealth University Diana Miguel, University Hospital Jena James Milburn, Queens Medical Centre Seyed Reza Mousavi, Shohada Medical Center Tajrish Oliver Muensterer, University Medicine Mainz James Ngu, Changi General Hospital Iain Nixon, East Kent University Hospitals Ashraf Noureldin, Cumberland Royal Infirmary Benjamin Perakath, Dr. Gray's Hospital Nicholas Raison, King's College London Kandiah Raveendran, Fatimah Hospital Timothy Sullivan, Minneapolis Heart Institute Achilleas Thoma, McMaster University Mangesh Thorat, Wolfson Institue of Preventative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London Michele Valmasoni, Università di Padova Samuele Massarut, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano, Italy Anil D'cruz, Tata Memorial Hospital Baskaran Vasudevan, MIOT Hospitals Salvatore Giordano, Turku University Hospital Gaurav Roy, Medanta-The Medicity Donagh Healy, University Hospital Waterford David Machado-Aranda, University of Michigan Bryan Carroll, Eastern Virginia Medical School David Rosin, University of West IndiesThe publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused

STROCSS 2021: Strengthening the reporting of cohort, cross-sectional and case-control studies in surgery

Introduction: Strengthening The Reporting Of Cohort Studies in Surgery (STROCSS) guidelines were developed in 2017 in order to improve the reporting quality of observational studies in surgery and updated in 2019. In order to maintain relevance and continue upholding good reporting quality among observational studies in surgery, we aimed to update STROCSS 2019 guidelines. Methods: A STROCSS 2021 steering group was formed to come up with proposals to update STROCSS 2019 guidelines. An expert panel of researchers assessed these proposals and judged whether they should become part of STROCSS 2021 guidelines or not, through a Delphi consensus exercise. Results: 42 people (89%) completed the DELPHI survey and hence participated in the development of STROCSS 2021 guidelines. All items received a score between 7 and 9 by greater than 70% of the participants, indicating a high level of agreement among the DELPHI group members with the proposed changes to all the items. Conclusion: We present updated STROCSS 2021 guidelines to ensure ongoing good reporting quality among observational studies in surgery

The STROCSS statement: Strengthening the Reporting of Cohort Studies in Surgery.

INTRODUCTION: The development of reporting guidelines over the past 20 years represents a major advance in scholarly publishing with recent evidence showing positive impacts. Whilst over 350 reporting guidelines exist, there are few that are specific to surgery. Here we describe the development of the STROCSS guideline (Strengthening the Reporting of Cohort Studies in Surgery). METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We published our protocol apriori. Current guidelines for case series (PROCESS), cohort studies (STROBE) and randomised controlled trials (CONSORT) were analysed to compile a list of items which were used as baseline material for developing a suitable checklist for surgical cohort guidelines. These were then put forward in a Delphi consensus exercise to an expert panel of 74 surgeons and academics via Google Forms. RESULTS: The Delphi exercise was completed by 62% (46/74) of the participants. All the items were passed in a single round to create a STROCSS guideline consisting of 17 items. CONCLUSION: We present the STROCSS guideline for surgical cohort, cross-sectional and case-control studies consisting of a 17-item checklist. We hope its use will increase the transparency and reporting quality of such studies. This guideline is also suitable for cross-sectional and case control studies. We encourage authors, reviewers, journal editors and publishers to adopt these guidelines

The SCARE Statement: Consensus-based surgical case report guidelines

Introduction Case reports have been a long held tradition within the surgical literature. Reporting guidelines can improve transparency and reporting quality. However, recent consensus-based guidelines for case reports (CARE) are not surgically focused. Our objective was to develop surgical case report guidelines. Methods The CARE statement was used as the basis for a Delphi consensus. The Delphi questionnaire was administered via Google Forms and conducted using standard Delphi methodology. A multidisciplinary group of surgeons and others with expertise in the reporting of case reports were invited to participate. In round one, participants stated how each item of the CARE statement should be changed and what additional items were needed. Revised and additional items from round one were put forward into a further round, where participants voted on the extent of their agreement with each item, using a nine-point Likert scale, as proposed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) working group. Results In round one, there was a 64% (38/59) response rate. Following adjustment of the guideline with the incorporation of recommended changes, round two commenced and there was an 83% (49/59) response rate. All but one of the items were approved by the participants, with Likert scores 7\u20139 awarded by >70% of respondents. The final guideline consists of a 14-item checklist. Conclusion We present the SCARE Guideline, consisting of a 14-item checklist that will improve the reporting quality of surgical case reports