Translation, psychometric evaluation and validation of the “diabetes health profile-18” questionnaire in Arabic

Introduction: measuring quality of life requires an instrument validated in the population language. The purpose of our study was to translate and analyze the psychometric properties of the literary Arabic version of the “diabetes health profile (DHP)-18”. Methods: we conducted a methodological study for psychometric evaluation and validation of the DHP-18, following the steps of the cross-cultural validation described by Vallerand. A convenience sample of people with diabetes was collected for this purpose. The developed questionnaire included participants‘ demographic characteristics, diabetes data and the experimental version of the DHP-18 questionnaire. Validity, reliability and questionnaire standards establishment were carried out. Results: a sample of 333 diabetics was recruited. Test-retest correlation coefficient (r = 0.985; p<0.01) and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (alpha = 0.840) showed that the experimental version was accurate in terms of temporal stability and internal consistency. The content validity index was 0.84 and showed that the questionnaire statements accurately measured the concepts under study. The exploratory principal axis factoring, using the orthogonal varimax rotation, allowed the extraction of a factorial solution with four independent factors, grouping the 18 items of the questionnaire. Correlation coefficients between the three corresponding dimensions of the theoretical model of the questionnaire were low and positive, between 0.431 and 0.535, confirming that each dimension measured a unique content. Conclusion: the literary Arabic version of the DHP-18 has proven to be valid, reliable and ready for use in clinical practice in Tunisian people with diabetes

Benzylthiouracil-Induced Glomerulonephritis

Vasculitis is a rare complication of antithyroid drugs (ATDs). It was first described with Propylthiouracil (PTU). We report a new case of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitis with glomerulonephritis induced by Benzylthiouracile (BTU). A 50-year-old man with Graves disease treated with BTU developed general malaise and haematuria without skin rash or respiratory involvement. Laboratory data revealed acute renal failure with proteinuria and haematuria. An indirect immunofluorescence test for ANCA was positive, showing a perinuclear pattern with specificity antimyeloperoxidase (MPO). A renal biopsy was performed and revealed pauci-immune extracapillary glomerular nephropathy and necrotic vasculitis lesions. Based on these findings we concluded to the diagnosis of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis associated with ANCA induced by BTU therapy. The drug was therefore discontinued and the patient was treated with steroids and immunosuppressive treatment during 3 months. Renal failure, proteinuria and haematuria significantly improved within 2 months. However, P-ANCA remained positive until 10 months after drug withdrawal. Thyroid function was kept within normal range using iodine solution. We demonstrated clearly that BTU may induce severe forms of vasculitis with glomerulonephritis. Thus, the ANCA must be measured when confronted to systemic manifestation during treatment

Etude sur le diabète aigu cétosique inaugural dans un hôpital du Centre-Est Tunisien

La cétose est une complication aiguë du diabète qui consiste en une accumulation de corps cétoniques sanguins. Malgré la haute prévalence du diabète cétosique décrite, il existe très peu d’informations concernant l’épidémiologie de cette complication inaugurale du diabète en Tunisie. L’objectif était de déterminer les caractéristiques épidémiologiques et clinico-biologiques des cétoses inaugurales dans un hôpital du Centre-Est tunisien. Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective, transversale et exhaustive, à propos de patients admis pour une cétose inaugurale sur une période allant de janvier 2010 à août 2016. La population d’étude a été divisée en 2 groupes selon la présence ou pas d’une auto-immunité anti pancréatique: groupe DAI (diabète de type 1 auto-immun) regroupe tous les patients avec une auto-immunité, et le groupe DNAI (diabète cétosique non auto-immuns) sans auto-immunité. Il s’agit de 391 patients, de sex ratio 266 hommes/125 femmes, d’âge moyen de 34±14,33 ans. La prédominance masculine était nette: 68% dans la population générale. L’âge de la cétose était significativement plus précoce dans le groupe DAI. Un facteur précipitant la cétose était retrouvé chez 77,7% de la population globale d’étude, significativement plus fréquent dans le groupe DAI que dans le groupe DNAI. Le facteur le plus retrouvé était les infections virales. Les Anticorps anti thyroïdiens étaient significativement importants dans le groupe DAI. La cétose est un facteur de décompensation inaugurale fréquent du diabète en Tunisie. La population la plus importante a été décrite chez l’adulte jeune masculin, avec l’absence d’une auto-immunité, et un profil clinique du diabète de type 2

Contribution of type 2 diabetes associated loci in the Arabic population from Tunisia: a case-control study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Candidate gene and genome-wide association studies have both reproducibly identified several common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) that confer type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in European populations. Our aim was to evaluate the contribution to T2D of five of these established T2D-associated loci in the Arabic population from Tunisia.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A case-control design comprising 884 type 2 diabetic patients and 513 control subjects living in the East-Center of Tunisia was used to analyze the contribution to T2D of the following SNPs: E23K in <it>KCNJ11/Kir6.2</it>, K121Q in <it>ENPP1</it>, the -30G/A variant in the pancreatic β-cell specific promoter of Glucokinase, rs7903146 in <it>TCF7L2 </it>encoding transcription factor 7-like2, and rs7923837 in <it>HHEX </it>encoding the homeobox, hematopoietically expressed transcription factor.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>TCF7L2</it>-rs7903146 T allele increased susceptibility to T2D (OR = 1.25 [1.06–1.47], <it>P </it>= 0.006) in our study population. This risk was 56% higher among subjects carrying the TT genotype in comparison to those carrying the CC genotype (OR = 1.56 [1.13–2.16], <it>P </it>= 0.002). No allelic or genotypic association with T2D was detected for the other studied polymorphisms.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In the Tunisian population, <it>TCF7L2</it>-rs7903146 T allele confers an increased risk of developing T2D as previously reported in the European population and many other ethnic groups. In contrast, none of the other tested SNPs that influence T2D risk in the European population was associated with T2D in the Tunisian Arabic population. An insufficient power to detect minor allelic contributions or genetic heterogeneity of T2D between different ethnic groups can explain these findings.</p