Effect of Atriplex Halimus with Mineral and Organic Fertilization on the Proportion of Proteins and Soluble Sugars of Potato Tuber in the Salt Stress

Abstract Context: In agricultural areas that suffer from an increase in salinity in the soil or irrigation water, the farmer complains of a lack of yield despite the use of improvement techniques such as fertilization. Therefore, we suggest using a biological method to reduce these forms in the cultivation of halophytic plants. Objective: This work aims to study the effect of Atriplex halimus on proteins and soluble sugars in potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) under salt stress. Methods: After water and soil analysis, we planted the A. halimus In each hole three to four plants of the age of two months in rows between the potatoes, after harvesting the tubers, we dried them, Four samples were taken from all untreated potato tubers Atriplex halimus ( a witness Organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers (urea and phosphorus)) and treatment with Atriplex halimus ( a witness Organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers (urea and phosphorus)), then measured the percentage of soluble sugars, based on the phenol method to read the spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 490 nm, also for proteins, first we prepared the reagents and then we measured the absorbance at 750 nm using a spectrophotometer. Resultants and conclusions: The results recorded showing a decrease in soluble sugars in the phosphorus and A. halimus interaction, compared to the other interactions: With regard to proteins, an increase was recorded in the interactions A. halimus urea, A. halimus phosphorus fertilizer, and A. halimus organic fertilizer compared to the other interactions, and this is due to the effect of the culture of A. halimus on the stres saline. Significance: The Atriplex halimus has a major role in reducing the salinity rate in the soil. Experience has proven that the cultured of Halophyte plante with potatoes and the addition of fertilizers, especially phosphorous and urée fertiliser, lead to improving the production observed from the lack of salt stress represented by the increase in proteins and the decrease in sugars in the potato tuber

Cynanchum Acutum L: Phytochemical Screening, Allelopathic and Cyto/Genotoxicity Effects in the Plant Model Arachis Hypogaea

Abstract The plant Cynanchum acutum L. growing in the Algerian desert is a weed a climber, but it has been used in popular medicine. This plant is rich in biologically active compounds, so it can be valued and exploited to produce specific biopesticides. In this regard, the work aims to assess the allelopathic effect of the aqueous extract of the air part of Cynanchum ActumL through phytochemical screening, where the results showed that the plant contained (coumarins, ,saponins polyphenols, flavonoids, alcaloids, terpenes,tannins, quinones, aldehydes, and cardioglycoside ). Four levels of concentration were tested (control,15mg/ml, 30mg/ml and 45mg/ml) where the extract affected negatively on all indicators of germination and initial development of Arachis hypogaea L. And their value decreased linearly until it disappeared at a concentration of 45 mg/ml, and the percentage of inhibition linearly increased until it reached 100% at concentration 45 mg/ml with statistically significant differences recorded. This confirms the existence of an inhibition process that was confirmed by the microscopic study to detect the cytotoxicity of the seeds of Arachis hypogaea L. Treatment with an aqueous extract with a concentration that inhibits root growth 50%, which was extracted from the root growth equation, which showed a decrease in the mitotic index with the observation of chromosomal abnormalities such as (the beginning of the formation of 2 micronucleus at interphase, micronucleus at interphase, binucleated cells at interphase, disturbed at metaphase, stickiness at metaphase, oblique at metaphase, fragments at metaphase, bridge at anaphase, and binucleated cells diagonal)