Revisiting the project management knowledge framework: Rebalancing the framework to include transformation projects

Purpose This paper highlights that extant project management (PM) bodies of knowledge have not fully addressed organisational transformation enabled by information systems projects. The purpose of this paper is to examine the transformation context in the PM disciplines. The authors argue that the execution-oriented PM bodies of knowledge are limited, as they place too much emphasis on the delivery outputs by the supplier rather than the achievement of beneficial outcomes by the project owner. Design/methodology/approach As a conceptual paper, this paper reviews extant PM bodies of knowledge, life cycle models, the context of organisational transformation and benefits realisation, and the distinction between a project owner’s and the project supplier’s capabilities. Findings A new PM knowledge framework is provided as an advanced research frame for future works by enhancing Peter Morris’ Management of Projects framework by employing the conceptual lens of Winch’s Three Domains of Project Organising model. Originality/value The advanced model emphasises the necessity of distinguishing a project owner’s and a supplier’s PM capability and knowledge to achieve successful IS-enabled organisational transformation. Through this effort to resolve the fragmentation and specialisation problems in PM disciplines, the model can be used as a theoretical groundwork for the advancement of PM research

Superfluid-insulator transition of the Josephson junction array model with commensurate frustration

We have studied the rationally frustrated Josephson-junction array model in the square lattice through Monte Carlo simulations of $(2+1)$D XY-model. For frustration $f=1/4$, the model at zero temperature shows a continuous superfluid-insulator transition. From the measurement of the correlation function and the superfluid stiffness, we obtain the dynamical critical exponent $z=1.0$ and the correlation length critical exponent $\nu=0.4 \pm 0.05$. While the dynamical critical exponent is the same as that for cases $f=0$, 1/2, and 1/3, the correlation length critical exponent is surprisingly quite different. When $f=1/5$, we have the nature of a first-order transition.Comment: RevTex 4, to appear in PR

Who Contributes to the Knowledge Sharing Economy?

Information sharing dynamics of social networks rely on a small set of influencers to effectively reach a large audience. Our recent results and observations demonstrate that the shape and identity of this elite, especially those contributing \emph{original} content, is difficult to predict. Information acquisition is often cited as an example of a public good. However, this emerging and powerful theory has yet to provably offer qualitative insights on how specialization of users into active and passive participants occurs. This paper bridges, for the first time, the theory of public goods and the analysis of diffusion in social media. We introduce a non-linear model of \emph{perishable} public goods, leveraging new observations about sharing of media sources. The primary contribution of this work is to show that \emph{shelf time}, which characterizes the rate at which content get renewed, is a critical factor in audience participation. Our model proves a fundamental \emph{dichotomy} in information diffusion: While short-lived content has simple and predictable diffusion, long-lived content has complex specialization. This occurs even when all information seekers are \emph{ex ante} identical and could be a contributing factor to the difficulty of predicting social network participation and evolution.Comment: 15 pages in ACM Conference on Online Social Networks 201

Ultrafast-pulse diagnostic using third-order frequency-resolved optical gating in organic films

We report on the diagnostic of ultrafast pulses by frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) based on strong third-harmonic generation (THG) in amorphous organic thin films. The high THG conversion efficiency of these films allows for the characterization of sub-nanojoule short pulses emitting at telecommunication wavelengths using a low cost portable fiber spectrometer

Characterization of Metabolic, Diffusion, and Perfusion Properties in GBM: Contrast-Enhancing versus Non-Enhancing Tumor.

BackgroundAlthough the contrast-enhancing (CE) lesion on T1-weighted MR images is widely used as a surrogate for glioblastoma (GBM), there are also non-enhancing regions of infiltrative tumor within the T2-weighted lesion, which elude radiologic detection. Because non-enhancing GBM (Enh-) challenges clinical patient management as latent disease, this study sought to characterize ex vivo metabolic profiles from Enh- and CE GBM (Enh+) samples, alongside histological and in vivo MR parameters, to assist in defining criteria for estimating total tumor burden.MethodsFifty-six patients with newly diagnosed GBM received a multi-parametric pre-surgical MR examination. Targets for obtaining image-guided tissue samples were defined based on in vivo parameters that were suspicious for tumor. The actual location from where tissue samples were obtained was recorded, and half of each sample was analyzed for histopathology while the other half was scanned using HR-MAS spectroscopy.ResultsThe Enh+ and Enh- tumor samples demonstrated comparable mitotic activity, but also significant heterogeneity in microvascular morphology. Ex vivo spectroscopic parameters indicated similar levels of total choline and N-acetylaspartate between these contrast-based radiographic subtypes of GBM, and characteristic differences in the levels of myo-inositol, creatine/phosphocreatine, and phosphoethanolamine. Analysis of in vivo parameters at the sample locations were consistent with histological and ex vivo metabolic data.ConclusionsThe similarity between ex vivo levels of choline and NAA, and between in vivo levels of choline, NAA and nADC in Enh+ and Enh- tumor, indicate that these parameters can be used in defining non-invasive metrics of total tumor burden for patients with GBM

Third-order optical autocorrelator for time-domain operation at telecommunication wavelengths

We report on amorphous organic thin films that exhibit efficient third-harmonic generation at telecommunication wavelengths. At 1550 nm, micrometer-thick samples generate up to 17 µW of green light with input power of 250 mW delivered by an optical parametric oscillator. This high conversion efficiency is achieved without phase matching or cascading of quadratic nonlinear effects. With these films, we demonstrate a low-cost, sensitive third-order autocorrelator that can be used in the time-frequency domain

Phase Transitions in the Two-Dimensional XY Model with Random Phases: a Monte Carlo Study

We study the two-dimensional XY model with quenched random phases by Monte Carlo simulation and finite-size scaling analysis. We determine the phase diagram of the model and study its critical behavior as a function of disorder and temperature. If the strength of the randomness is less than a critical value, $\sigma_{c}$, the system has a Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) phase transition from the paramagnetic phase to a state with quasi-long-range order. Our data suggest that the latter exists down to T=0 in contradiction with theories that predict the appearance of a low-temperature reentrant phase. At the critical disorder $T_{KT}\rightarrow 0$ and for $\sigma > \sigma_{c}$ there is no quasi-ordered phase. At zero temperature there is a phase transition between two different glassy states at $\sigma_{c}$. The functional dependence of the correlation length on $\sigma$ suggests that this transition corresponds to the disorder-driven unbinding of vortex pairs.Comment: LaTex file and 18 figure