From Architectured Materials to Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing

The classical material-by-design approach has been extensively perfected by materials scientists, while engineers have been optimising structures geometrically for centuries. The purpose of architectured materials is to build bridges across themicroscale ofmaterials and themacroscale of engineering structures, to put some geometry in the microstructure. This is a paradigm shift. Materials cannot be considered monolithic anymore. Any set of materials functions, even antagonistic ones, can be envisaged in the future. In this paper, we intend to demonstrate the pertinence of computation for developing architectured materials, and the not-so-incidental outcome which led us to developing large-scale additive manufacturing for architectural applications

Observations au sujet du sarcophage d’Ahiram

Chehab Maurice. Observations au sujet du sarcophage d’Ahiram. In: Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph, tome 46, 1970. Mélanges offerts à M. Maurice Dunand. Tome II. pp. 105-117

Tyr à l'époque romaine. Aspects de la cité, à la lumière des textes et des fouilles

Chehab Maurice. Tyr à l'époque romaine. Aspects de la cité, à la lumière des textes et des fouilles. In: Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph, tome 38, 1962. Mélanges offerts au Père René Mouterde pour son 80e anniversaire. Tome II. pp. 11-40

Material conversions: naturalism, discernment, and seventeenth-century Spanish still-life painting

This thesis argues for the ways in which the new genre of still-life painting became a forum for experimentation for artists in seventeenth-century Spain. In a context wherein the production of visual imagery was overwhelmingly religious, and profane pictorial genres were generally limited to only a few, still life became bound up with growing interests in naturalism, or efforts to faithfully recreate the material world on canvas, and novel approaches to painting. Focusing on the period between 1600 and 1675, the thesis first traces the early conventions of still life cultivated by artists in the city of Toledo and in the court capital of Madrid. It then shifts the focus to Seville and to the intriguing development of what I refer to as mixed images – paintings that repurpose still life’s conventions with sacred subject matter. The contribution of this thesis lies in examining divergent types of mixed images, including paintings of sacrificial sheep and lambs and severed heads of saints, in relation to the novel genre of still life. Still-life painting emerged as an independent genre in the Spanish context around 1600, which was prompted by a number of interrelated factors including Spain’s robust political ties to other artistic centers in Europe and the surge in activity in picture collecting among upper and middling classes. Although still life was a pan-European phenomenon, the manner in which it was brought together with religious imagery in the form of mixed images, I argue, responds to evolving ideas about painting, including the depiction of violence, in the Spanish context. Painted for private patrons, mixed images by artists such as Francisco de Zurbarán, Bartolomé Murillo, and Sebastián Llanos y Valdés crucially foreground issues involving the portrayal of sacred subject matter at a moment when religious imagery was increasingly juxtaposed with other types of pictures in the space of the private collection. Ultimately, by drawing attention to informal links between artistic practice and still life, this thesis proposes that still life in seventeenth-century Spain functioned as a locus for thinking about naturalistic painting, which encouraged the subsequent deployment of the genre’s conventions to sacred ends.Arts, Faculty ofArt History, Visual Art and Theory, Department ofGraduat

Sarcophages en plomb du Musée National Libanais (deuxième article)

Chehab Maurice. Sarcophages en plomb du Musée National Libanais (deuxième article). In: Syria. Tome 16 fascicule 1, 1935. pp. 51-72

Avancées en apprentissage auto-supervisé : applications aux neurosciences et efficacité statistique

Self-supervised learning has gained popularity as a method for learning from unlabeled data. Essentially, it involves creating and then solving a prediction task using the data, such as reordering shuffled data. In recent years, this approach has been successful in training neural networks to learn useful representations from data, without any labels. However, our understanding of what is actually being learned and how well it is learned is still somewhat limited. This document contributes to our understanding of self-supervised learning in these two key aspects.Empirically, we address the question of what is learned. We design prediction tasks specifically tailored to learning from brain recordings with magnetoencephalography (MEG) or electroencephalography (EEG). These prediction tasks share a common objective: recognizing temporal structure within the brain data. Our results show that representations learnt by solving these tasks contain interpretable cognitive and clinical neurophysiological features.Theoretically, we explore the quality of the learning procedure. Our focus is on a specific category of prediction tasks: binary classification. We extend prior research that has highlighted the utility of binary classification for statistical inference, though it may involve trading off some measure of statistical efficiency for another measure of computational efficiency. Our contributions aim to improve statistical efficiency. We theoretically analyze the statistical estimation error and find situations when it can be provably reduced. Specifically, we characterize optimal hyperparameters of the binary classification task and also prove that the popular heuristic of "annealing" can lead to more efficient estimation, even in high dimensions.L'apprentissage auto-supervisé a gagné en popularité en tant que méthode d'apprentissage à partir de données non annotées. Il s'agit essentiellement de créer puis de résoudre un problème de prédiction qui utilise les données; par exemple, de retrouver l'ordre de données qui ont été mélangées. Ces dernières années, cette approche a été utilisée avec succès pour entraîner des réseaux de neurones qui extraient des représentations utiles des données, le tout sans aucune annotation. Cependant, notre compréhension de ce qui est appris et de la qualité de cet apprentissage est limitée. Ce document éclaire ces deux aspects de l'apprentissage auto-supervisé.Empiriquement, nous évaluons ce qui est appris en résolvant des tâches auto-supervisés. Nous spécialisons des tâches de prédiction lorsque les données sont des enregistrements d'activité cérébrale, par magnétoencéphalographie (MEG) ou électroencephalographie (EEG). Ces tâches partagent un objectif commun: reconnaître la structure temporelle dans les ondes cérébrales. Nos résultats montrent que les représentations apprises en résolvant ces tâches-là comprennent des informations neurophysiologiques, cognitives et cliniques, interprétables.Théoriquement, nous explorons également la question de la qualité de l'appretissage, spécifiquement pour les tâches de prédiction qui peuvent s'écrire comme un problème de classification binaire. Nous poursuivons une trâme de recherche qui utilise des problèmes de classification binaire pour faire de l'inférence statistique, alors que cela peut nécessiter de sacrifier une notion d'efficacité statistique pour une autre notion d'efficacité computationnelle. Nos contributions visent à améliorer l'efficacité statistique. Nous analysons théoriquement l'erreur d'estimation statistique et trouvons des situations lorsque qu'elle peut rigoureusement être réduite. Spécifiquement, nous caractérisons des hyperparametres optimaux de la tâche de classification binaire et prouvons également que la populaire heuristique de "recuit" peut rendre l'estimation plus efficace, même en grandes dimensions

Sarcophages en plomb du Musée National Libanais

Chehab Maurice. Sarcophages en plomb du Musée National Libanais. In: Syria. Tome 15 fascicule 4, 1934. pp. 337-350

Collection de monnaies du Musée national de Beyrouth

L'Auteur décrit un choix de monnaies visibles à Beyrouth, provenant souvent de la collection Henri Seyrig, frappées par les ateliers phéniciens et les rois séleucides.Chehab Maurice H. Collection de monnaies du Musée national de Beyrouth. In: Revue numismatique, 6e série - Tome 15, année 1973 pp. 85-98