Evaluation of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio in recurrent epistaxis in childhood: case controlled study

Introduction: the aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and routine hematological parameters with recurrent epistaxis in children. Methods: in this retrospective case-controlled study, 294 patients aged between 2 and 18 years who applied to the Tokat State Hospital Ear Nose Throat Clinic due to recurrent epistaxis between January 1st 2013 and December 31st December 2017 and 329 sex-and age-matched controls were investigated. Results: NLR was 1.45±0.75 in the study group and the 1.35±0.7 in the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). PLR values were found significantly (p<0.05) higher in the study group than in the control group (103,21±29.57 vs. 97,3±30.38). Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) values were found significantly (p<0.05) lower in the study group than in the control group (39,56±2,87 and 38,92±2,46). Conclusion: the increase of PLR, an inflammatory marker, in epistaxis supports the effect of inflammatory factors in the etiology of epistaxis. However, more study in future is needed to support this

Caudal Septal Division and Batten Graft Application: A Technique to Correct Caudal Septal Deviations

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes in patients who underwent in one session caudal septal division, strip excision and unilateral bony batten graft procedures, a method described for the correction of caudal septal deviations.Methods: In this retrospective study, 27 patients with C-shaped caudal septal deviation who underwent endonasal septoplasty using caudal septal division, strip excision and unilateral bony batten grafting in our hospital in the period from August 2014 through October 2018 were reviewed. Patients were included in the study if their pre-operative and post-operative questionnaires and post-operative follow-up data (average follow-up period was 13.9 months) were available in full.Results: The average age of the 27 patients (6 women and 21 men) was 29.6±12.4 years. Postoperative observations revealed that a straight septum was achieved in 23 patients (85.1%). Average pre- and post-operative Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scores were 85.1±20.4 and 22.4±4.2, respectively (p<0.0001). Septal hematoma developed in one patient in the postoperative period.Conclusion: The surgical outcomes of patients in whom we used caudal septal division, strip excision and unilateral bony batten graft to correct caudal septal deviations demonstrated the potential of this technique as an alternative to be used by surgeons

Mean Platelet Volume to Lymphocyte Ratio: A Novel Marker For Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Aim:To investigate the value of mean platelet volume (MPV) to lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR), a novel marker, in determining the prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).Materials and Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study study included the patient group consisting of 65 SSNHL and the control group consisting of 50 healthy individuals. 65 patients with SSNHL were divided into two subgroups as 44 recovered patients and 21 unrecovered patients. The SSHNL patients and the control group, and the recovered SSNHL patients and the unrecovered SSNHL patients were compared statistically in terms of MPV, lymphocyte count and MPVLR.Results:The mean MPV value was 9.28 ± 0.99 fL in the patients and 9.25 ±0.82 fL in the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0,851). The mean lymphocyte count was 1.90 ± 1.02 in the study group and 2.55± 0.78 in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p <0.001). The mean MPVLR value was 6.44 ± 4.14 in the study group and 4.03 ± 1.62 in the control group and the difference was statistically significant (p<0,05).Conclusion:MPVLR is an easily accessible marker and levels are increased by severity of the disease. The lymphocyte count is also declined according to the severity of the disease. These results showed that MPVLR and lymphocyte count can help to predict the SSNHL prognosis. With future studies, the value of MPVLR in the prognosis of SSNHL may be better understood

Comparison of Routine Histopathological Examination Results in Children and Adults After Tonsillectomy and/or Adenoidectomy

Objective:Tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy is one of the most common otolaryngologic surgical procedures. There is still an ongoing debate as to whether or not histopathological examination should be performed in which cases after these surgeries. The aim of this study is to compare the histopathologic examination results of routine tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy surgical specimens of children and adults.Methods:The routine histopathological examination results of patients who had adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy between April 2010 and April 2017 in Tokat State Hospital were evaluated from medical records retrospectively. The results were compared in terms of malignancy between children and adult patients.Results:A total of 1849 histopathological examination results were included in the present study. Of the patients, 1574 were children, and 275 were adults. All of the patients who underwent adenoidectomy were diagnosed with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Of the 1356 patients who underwent tonsillectomy, only two were detected with malignancies. These two patients were adults.Conclusion:While routine histopathologic examination is necessary for every case in adult population, risk factors should be considered in pediatric patients after tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy

Evaluation of the Association between Paranasal Sinus Osteomas and Anatomic Variations Using Computed Tomography

Objective:The pathogenesis of paranasal sinus osteoma (PSO) has not been fully elucidated. It is thought that both embryological and developmental factors play a role in the etiology. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of frequency and localization of PSOs detected on computed tomography (CT) examination with osteoma presence.Methods:In this retrospective study conducted in December 2017 through March 2020 in Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Medicine, images of a total of 18,867 patients who underwent paranasal sinus, maxillofacial CT and brain CT angiography were reviewed for the presence of PSOs. Sizes of PSOs and accompanying mucosal pathologies were identified. Associations between PSOs and paranasal sinus variations were evaluated statistically compared to the control group (200 patients without PSO).Results:A total of 176 patients (0.92%) were found to have PSO. Average age of the patients with PSO was 59.9 years (range: 18–93). PSOs were unilateral in 152 patients while 24 patients had multiple osteomas. Female/male ratio was 1.1/1. PSOs were most commonly located in the frontal sinuses. Frequencies of vertical concha bullosa, secondary middle turbinate, twisted uncinate, supraorbital ethmoid cell, intersinus septal cell, ethmoidomaxillary cell, Haller’s cell, frontal sinus hypoplasia and sphenoid sinus hypoplasia were significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group.Conclusion:Higher or lower incidence rates of some anatomic variations in the patients with PSO could be explained by the possible effects of genetic and/or environmental factor. Additional studies are needed to evaluate these possible associations

Postępowanie z ciałami obcymi w uchu, nosie i gardle u dzieci: przegląd 829 przypadków z północnej Anatolii

Cel: Celem badań była ocena przypadków występowania ciała obcego (FB) w nosie, uchu lub gardle u dzieci kierowanych na dziecięcą izbę przyjęć w Oddziale Otorynolaryngologii Szpitala Stanowego w Tokat (Turcja). Metody: Niniejsze opracowanie obejmuje retrospektywne badanie laryngologicznych przypadków ciał obcych w dziecięcej izbie przyjęć w Oddziale Otorynolaryngologii Szpitala Stanowego w Tokat (Turcja) między 1 stycznia 2012 r. a 31 grudnia 2018 r. Ocenie podlegały również: cechy demograficzne i kliniczne pacjentów, rodzaj i położenie anatomiczne FB, umiejscowienie FB według grup wiekowych, metoda usuwania FB oraz rozkład przypadków FB według miesięcy. Wyniki: W badaniu oceniono łącznie 829 przypadków FB. Średni wiek pacjentów wynosił 47.8 ± 31.4 miesięcy. Spośród wszystkich osób, 404 (48.5%) stanowili mężczyźni, a 425 (51.2%) kobiety. Najczęstszym położeniem anatomicznym były: nos (58.7%) oraz ucho (20.2%), a następnie kolejno: usta/gardło/migdałki (12.3%), przełyk (6.2%) oraz drzewo krtaniowotchawiczo- oskrzelowe (2.4%). Najczęściej spotykane FB w różnych lokalizacjach to: koraliki w nosie (30,8%), koraliki w uchu (32,1%), ości w jamie ustnej/gardle/migdałku (56,8%), orzechy i orzeszki ziemne w drzewie krtaniowo-tchawiczooskrzelowym (70%) oraz bateria guzikowa/dyskowa w przełyku (80,7%). Wniosek: Ciała obce należą do nagłych stanów laryngologicznych, które wymagają różnego podejścia diagnostycznego i terapeutycznego, wybranego w oparciu o położenie anatomiczne. W usuwaniu ciał obcych znaczenie mają: prawidłowy obraz, odpowiedni sprzęt oraz unieruchomienie

Management of foreign bodies in the ear, nose and throat in children: a review of 829 cases from Northern Anatolia

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate cases of of ear, nose and pharyngeal (ENT) foreign body (FB) in pediatric patients referred to the pediatric emergency department of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Tokat State Hospital (Turkey). Methods: The paper comprises a retrospective study of all ENT foreign bodies presented to the pediatric emergency Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Tokat State Hospital (Turkey) between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018. Subject to evaluation were also demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, types and anatomic locations of FBs, locations of FB by age groups, the method used to remove FBs and the distribution of FB cases by months. Results: A total of 829 FB cases were evaluated in this study. The mean age of patients was 47.8 ± 31.4 months. Of all patients, 404 (48.5%) were male, and 425 (51.2%) were female. The nose (58.7%) and the ear (20.2%) were the most common anatomical locations followed by mouth/pharynx/tonsil (12.3%), esophagus (6.2%) and the laryngotracheobronchial tree (2.4%). The most common FBs in different locations were beads in the nose (30.8%), beads in the ear (32.1%), fishbones in the mouth/pharynx/tonsil (56.8%), nuts and peanuts in laryngotracheobronchial tree (70%) and a coin/disc battery in the esophagus (80.7%). Conclusion: FB in ENT is among the emergency conditions that require different diagnostic and treatment approaches based on anatomic localizations. Proper vision, adequate equipment and immobilization are important in the removal of ENT foreign bodies in children