The Romanian accountancy on the verge of Romania´s adherence to the European Union

Romania knocks on the gates to joining the European Union. This fact can’t by-pass the national accounting system. The way for developing the Romanian accounting system is that of the implementation of the European Directives and the international standards (IAS–IFRS) in the Romanian accounting policy. The professionals try to fi nd a common language that will insure the financial situations’ comparability in time and that will respond to the problems of the globalization of the economies and financial markets. The reasons for starting the accounting harmonizing program are linked to the necessity of inveiglement of foreign investor and the adherence to the European Union

CREATIVE MEASURES IN TIMES OF CRISIS: PROMOTING YOUR BUSINESS, CUTTING DOWN COSTS AND CREATING MORE INCOME

Over the past two years (2008 and 2009), the travel industry got hit pretty badly by the international economic crisis. Even luxury hotels – which seemed immune so far- are reporting low rates of occupancy and high rates of cancellations. For the New Year (2010), just like in 2009, the word of the day is “sustainability”. No one is looking for big profits, but they are looking to keep their business afloat. The article details some of the most innovative ways to promote a travel business and attract customers. Tools such as using the website, the social media networks and creating their own brands help businesses involved in tourism to better promote their image and survive the crisis. Being able to sell more diverse services will make an entity earn more money and hence overcome the difficulties.Internet, crisis, online booking.

Empirical Study on the Creative Accounting Phenomenon

The present study aims to analyze the accounting professionals’ point of view as opposed to the students and master students’ one, regarding the creative accounting phenomenon existence and manifestation forms. In order to accomplish this objective, there has been used the poll/investigation, as a research method and the questionnaire, as a research instrument. Within the study, there is suggested the testing of more hypotheses that contribute to the clarifying of the aspects wished to be analyzed through the research. These hypotheses’ acceptance or rejection is based on the „chi-square“ (Karl Pearson) statistical test and rank ordering method. Trying to elaborate a global conclusion of the questionnaire, there could be noticed the fact that over 50% from the questioned accounting students are not tempted to use the creative accounting practices and techniques in order to optimize the taxation without breaking the actual law regulations. At the opposite side, more than a half from the questioned accounting professionals would use these practices without breaking the law regulations that lead to the taxation’s optimization. The creative accounting has a negative connotation if the accurate image of the financial position and of the performance is not targeted because it represents the essential factor for elaborating and grounding the accounting policies. However, the positive side of the creative accounting is not excluded, given that one appeals to the „fair“ professional judgment of the accounting professionals and to the good faith of managers

ACCOUNTING MANIPULATION: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY REGARDING MANAGERS’ BEHAVIOR

The study analyses managers’ behaviour from Romania when dealing with creative accounting. For this we realized an empirical study within the Arad county space, having as main objective the identification of the managers’ perception regarding the usefulness of accounting information and of other factors considered when making decisions. Another aspect was to interpret the managers’ tendency towards manipulation or strategic management of results. The empirical research was carried out between December 2013 and January 2014, and the research method used was the survey, and as an instrument of the research we used the questionnaire. The questionnaires were posted on a website but some of them were applied directly in the field to ensure a response rate of at least 30%. For the analysis and confirmation of the feasibility of the questionnaire and of the measurement scale, we used Cronbach Alpha method. The results obtained after statistically processing the answers received from respondents and after testing the research hypotheses show that there is an increased interest of the managers from the investigated Arad firms to improve the quality of the financial accounting information and to give the users as beautiful an image as possible of the company’s performances; it is noticed their inclination to the manipulation of the accounting figures. On the other hand the results obtained demonstrate that, despite the fact that most of the managers from the sample consider that using ethics is a priority in making decisions, this idea is not an obstacle for more than a half to change an accounting policy that would affect the true image but would be favorable to the image of the company The utility of such research contributes to the insurance of the premises for the development of future research, looking to test the reaction of the professional accountants in our country, regarding the phenomenon of creative accounting