Manipulating Synchronous Optical Signals with a Double Λ\Lambda Atomic Ensemble

We analyze a double $\Lambda$ atomic configuration interacting with two signal beams and two control beams. Because of the quantum interference between the two $\Lambda$ channels, the four fields are phase-matched in electromagnetically induced transparency. Our numerical simulation shows that this system is able to manipulate synchronous optical signals, such as generation of optical twin signals, data correction, signal transfer and amplification in the atomic storage.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figure

Progetto per la ridefinizione della struttuta del magazzino e per il miglioramento del servizio di rifornimento delle linee di produzione di un'azenda del settore automotive

Analisi della struttura dei magazzini interni e del servizio di rifornimento delle linee di produzione

Development of a versatile tool for the simultaneous differential detection of Pseudomonas savastanoi pathovars by End Point and Real-Time PCR

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Pseudomonas savastanoi </it>pv. <it>savastanoi </it>is the causal agent of olive knot disease. The strains isolated from oleander and ash belong to the pathovars <it>nerii </it>and <it>fraxini</it>, respectively. When artificially inoculated, pv. <it>savastanoi </it>causes disease also on ash, and pv. <it>nerii </it>attacks also olive and ash. Surprisingly nothing is known yet about their distribution in nature on these hosts and if spontaneous cross-infections occur. On the other hand sanitary certification programs for olive plants, also including <it>P. savastanoi</it>, were launched in many countries. The aim of this work was to develop several PCR-based tools for the rapid, simultaneous, differential and quantitative detection of these <it>P. savastanoi </it>pathovars, in multiplex and <it>in planta</it>.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Specific PCR primers and probes for the pathovars <it>savastanoi</it>, <it>nerii </it>and <it>fraxini </it>of <it>P. savastanoi </it>were designed to be used in End Point and Real-Time PCR, both with SYBR^®Green or TaqMan^®chemistries. The specificity of all these assays was 100%, as assessed by testing forty-four <it>P. savastanoi </it>strains, belonging to the three pathovars and having different geographical origins. For comparison strains from the pathovars <it>phaseolicola </it>and <it>glycinea </it>of <it>P. savastanoi </it>and bacterial epiphytes from <it>P. savastanoi </it>host plants were also assayed, and all of them tested always negative. The analytical detection limits were about 5 - 0.5 pg of pure genomic DNA and about 10²genome equivalents per reaction. Similar analytical thresholds were achieved in Multiplex Real-Time PCR experiments, even on artificially inoculated olive plants.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Here for the first time a complex of PCR-based assays were developed for the simultaneous discrimination and detection of <it>P. savastanoi </it>pv. <it>savastanoi</it>, pv. <it>nerii </it>and pv. <it>fraxini</it>. These tests were shown to be highly reliable, pathovar-specific, sensitive, rapid and able to quantify these pathogens, both in multiplex reactions and <it>in vivo</it>. Compared with the other methods already available for <it>P. savastanoi</it>, the identification procedures here reported provide a versatile tool both for epidemiological and ecological studies on these pathovars, and for diagnostic procedures monitoring the asymptomatic presence of <it>P. savastanoi </it>on olive and oleander propagation materials.</p