Analysis of Capsaicinoids in Chilli Sauce with Ultra Fast Liquid Chromatography

Objective:In current study, quantification of the capsaicinoids in chilli sauces based on a sensitive ultra fast liquid chromatography method and derivatization with dansyl chloride (DNS-Cl) was described. Capsaicinoids are biosynthesized as secondary metabolites by chilli sauces. The major components of capsaicinoids are capsaicin (CPS) and dihydrocapsaicin (DCPS).Methods:Phenol groups within the CPS and DCPS are suitable for derivatization reaction using DNS-Cl (chemically named as 5-(dimethylamino) naphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride) at pH 10 with 0.5 M sodium bicarbonate which leads formation of a derivative highly fluorescent properties that can be measured at 520 nm following excitation at 360 nm wavelength. Separation of the compounds was conducted on a chromatographic system having a mobile phase formed by a combination of acetic acid (0.5 M, pH 7.0 with NaOH) solution and acetonitrile under solvent programming on a consistent flow rate of 0.4 mL. min-1 using a C18 column.Results:Method validation was evaluated as per the regulations described in International Conference on Harmonization Guidelines. The calibration graph for CPS and DCPS was linear between 0.2 and 200 µg mL-1.Conclusion:The proposed analytical procedure represents a simple, time and cost effective method with a suitable selectivity regarding quantification of capsaicinoids in chilli sauces

Recent scoring systems predicting stone-free status after retrograde intrarenal surgery; a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Several scoring systems and nomograms have been developed to predict the success of retrograde intrarenal surgery. But no meta-analysis for the performance of scoring systems has yet been performed. The aim of this study was to compare predictive ability of recent scoring systems for stone-free rate of retrograde intrarenal surgery. Materials and methods PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched systematically between April and May 2021. The scoring systems which were validated externally or studied at least by two different researcher groups were selected for further analysis. Of 59 records, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 4137). Area under curve (AUC) values of selected scoring systems were pooled in random or fixed effects. Thertest was used to quantify heterogeneity. Results Eight, 5, 8, 4 and 3 studies included in meta-analyses for the modified Seoul National University Renal Stone Complexity Score (S-ReSC), R.I.R.S., Resorlu-Unsal Score (RUS), S.T.O.N.E., and Ito's Nomogram, respectively. We found pooled AUC values 0.709 (95% CI 0.670-0.748), 0.704 (95% CI 0.668-0.739), 0.669 (95% CI 0.646 to 0.692), and 0.771 (95% CI 0.724 to 0.818), for first four of them, respectively. Heterogeneity was very high to pool AUC values for Ito's nomogram. Conclusions Although S.T.O.N.E. score showed higer pooled AUC value, this systematic review and meta-analysis has not revealed superiority of any scoring system. High heterogeneity between studies and dependencies between scoring systems make it difficult to design a comparative statistical model to generalize the findings. Also, limitations aside, neither scoring system has demonstrated good predictive/discriminative performance

CHANGING THE PERCEPTION OF “I” AND “THE OTHER” IN CINEMA WITHIN THE SCOPE OF ORIENTALISM, NEW ORIENTALISM AND OCCIDENTALISM DISCOURSE

As an art form and an academic discipline that finds a place in cultural studies and social sciences, cinema is one of the most significant ideological apparatus. Expressing the changing perception of “I” and “the other” throughout the characters it creates, cinema has played important role both as the producer of the intercultural epistemological and ontological difference and signifier of it. In this study, setting out the films done before and after the 11 September which has been accepted as the birth of new orientalism, it is going to be stressed that how the perception of “I” and “ the other” has changed from classic orientalism to new orientalism and how it is reciprocated to this negative changes by the films such as Kurtlar Vadisi Irak in Turkish Cinema.</p

Klasik Oryantalizm, Yeni Oryantalizm ve Oksidentalizm Söylemi Ekseninde Sinemada Değişen "Ben" ve "Öteki" Algısı

Sosyal bilimler ve k&uuml;lt&uuml;rel &ccedil;alışmaların i&ccedil;inde hem bir disiplin hem de bir sanat bi&ccedil;imi olarak yer bulan sinema, &ouml;rt&uuml;k ve a&ccedil;ık g&ouml;ndermeleriyle en &ouml;nemli ideolojik aygıtlardan biridir. Klasik oryantalizmden yeni oryantalizme değişen &ldquo;ben&rdquo; ve &ldquo;&ouml;teki&rdquo; algısını yarattığı karakterler &uuml;zerinden aktaran sinema, k&uuml;lt&uuml;rler arası ontolojik ve epistemolojik ayrımın hem &uuml;reticisi hem de g&ouml;stereni olarak &ouml;nemli rol oynamıştır. Bu &ccedil;alışmada yeni oryantalizmin miladı olarak kabul edilen 11 Eyl&uuml;l &ouml;ncesi ve sonrasında yapılan Hollywood yapımı filmlerden yola &ccedil;ıkarak &ldquo;ben&rdquo; ve &ldquo;&ouml;teki&rdquo; algısının kavramla birlikte nasıl değiştiği, diğer taraftan T&uuml;rk Sineması&rsquo;nda Kurtlar Vadisi Irak gibi filmler aracılığıyla bu negatif değişime nasıl yanıt verdiği &uuml;zerinde durulacaktır.As an art form and an academic discipline that finds a place in cultural studies and social sciences, cinema is one of the most significant ideological apparatus. Expressing the changing perception of &ldquo;I&rdquo; and &ldquo;the other&rdquo; throughout the characters it creates, cinema has played important role both as the producer of the intercultural epistemological and ontological difference and signifier of it. In this study, setting out the films done before and after the 11 September which has been accepted as the birth of new orientalism, it is going to be stressed that how the perception of &ldquo;I&rdquo; and &ldquo; the other&rdquo; has changed from classic orientalism to new orientalism and how it is reciprocated to this negative changes by the films such as Kurtlar Vadisi Irak in Turkish Cinema

Determination of levetiracetam in human plasma by online heart-cutting liquid chromatography: Application to therapeutic drug monitoring

Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug for the treatment of psychiatric patients. In this study, a selective, straightforward, and rapid online heart-cutting liquid chromatography method was developed for the therapeutic drug monitoring of levetiracetam. This method allows for the determination of levetiracetam in human plasma without complex sample preparation. The mobile phases consisted of 30 mM aq. orthophosphoric acid solution/methanol (70:30) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min for the first system and 10 mM aq. orthophosphoric acid solution/methanol (55:45) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min for the second system. The first separation was carried out on a GL Sciences Intersil ODS-3 column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 3 mu m) and the second separation was carried out on a Restek Ultra PFPP column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 mu m). The detection was carried out at 205 nm for both systems. The method was validated for selectivity and linearity, which were in the 6-60 mu g/mL range. Intra- and interassay accuracies were <112.6%, and the intra- and interassay precisions were <6.4% for all quality control samples. The lower limit of quantitation was 6 mu g/mL. The developed method was successfully applied for therapeutic drug monitoring of plasma samples from patients

Radiotherapy facilities after the Turkiye-Syria earthquakes: lessons from the tragedy

[No Abstract Available

ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN HUMAN MILK

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are used as flame retardants, are widely used additives so many different kind of materials that are consumed by public. Current researches reveal a significant increase in the levels of PBDEs in human biological fluids all around the world. According to International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), PBDEs are declarated as carcinogenic agents and additionally a considerable risks have been shown in animal studies such as liver damage, alteration of thyroid hormone levels, neurotoxicity and hazardous effects on development of fetus. Due to the simplicity of human exposure routes such as ingestion, inhalation or dermal contact, it gains high importance to quantify PBDEs in biological fluids. The exposure to PBDEs is critic aspecially during pregnancy, fetus development and infancy. Excretion of PBDEs in human milk is the focus area for researchers in recent years

Treatment outcomes of metastasis-directed treatment using(68)Ga-PSMA-PET/CT for oligometastatic or oligorecurrent prostate cancer: Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology group study (TROD 09-002)

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of(68)Ga prostate-specific membrane antigen (Ga-68-PSMA) positron-emission tomography (PET)/CT-based metastasis-directed treatment (MDT) for oligometastatic prostate cancer (PC). Methods In this multi-institutional study, clinical data of 176 PC patients with 353 lesions receiving MDT between 2014 and 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had biopsy proven PC with = 3 acute toxicity, but one patient had a late grade 3 toxicity of compression fracture after spinal SBRT. Conclusion Ga-68-PSMA-PET/CT-based MDT is an efficient and safe treatment for oligometastatic PC patients. Proper patient selection might improve treatment outcomes