Promoting the use of the PRECISE score for prostate MRI during active surveillance: results from the ESOR Nicholas Gourtsoyiannis teaching fellowship

OBJECTIVES: The PRECISE criteria for serial multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate during active surveillance recommend the use of a dedicated scoring system (PRECISE score) to assess the likelihood of clinically significant radiological change. This pilot study assesses the effect of an interactive teaching course on prostate MRI during active surveillance in assessing radiological change in serial imaging. METHODS: Eleven radiology fellows and registrars with different experience in prostate MRI reading participated in a dedicated teaching course where they initially evaluated radiological change (based on their previous training in prostate MRI reading) independently in fifteen patients on active surveillance (baseline and follow-up scan), and then attended a lecture on the PRECISE score. The initial scans were reviewed for teaching purposes and afterwards the participants re-assessed the degree of radiological change in a new set of images (from fifteen different patients) applying the PRECISE score. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed. Confirmatory biopsies and PRECISE scores given in consensus by two radiologists (involved in the original draft of the PRECISE score) were the reference standard. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in the average area under the curve (AUC) for the assessment of radiological change from baseline (AUC: 0.60 [Confidence Intervals: 0.51-0.69] to post-teaching (AUC: 0.77 [0.70-0.84]). This was an improvement of 0.17 [0.016-0.28] (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: A dedicated teaching course on the use of the PRECISE score improves the accuracy in the assessment of radiological change in serial MRI of the prostate

Pubertal development of transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients in the era of oral chelation with deferasirox: results from the French registry

Not available

La culture, une manière de réinventer le développement local ? Metz et le Centre Pompidou, Lens et le Louvre

National audienc

Agricultural diversification for crop yield stability: a smallholder adaptation strategy to climate variability in Ethiopia

Climate variability threatens food system stability, particularly among smallholders in developing countries who depend on rainfed agriculture. Farm diversification could be a relevant adaptation strategy in this context as a greater number of species or a more even distribution of crops is postulated to have a stabilizing effect on farm output as compared to a homogeneous farm. In this study, we aimed to explore relationships between climate variability, agricultural diversity, and crop yield stability. We used agriculture-focused panel data from Ethiopian households surveyed over four waves from 2011 to 2018 and two climate datasets to derive measures of long-and short-term climate variability. In a twofold analytical approach, we used mixed effects models to separately model (i) farm richness and pastoralism prevalence with climate variability as predictors, and (ii) crop yield stability with diversity, farm input, and climate characteristics as predictors. We found that farm diversity is highest in areas with high temperature variability, or low rainfall variability. This held even when excluding pastoralists households, who have naturally lower diversity. We further showed that pastoralism is least common in areas with high temperature variability and low month-to-month rainfall variability. Both crop richness and crop evenness positively affected temporal yield stability, with each showing a greater effect than irrigation, fertilizer, and pesticide usage. Together, these findings suggest that shifts in typical ranges of climate variability could destabilize farm-level crop yield for smallholders by limiting diversification opportunities. Our findings highlight the need for researchers and policymakers to consider not only the direct effects of climate variability on crop yield, but also its indirect effects on yield stability caused by increasingly limited adaptation choices

1-Aza-2-alkyl-6-aryl-cycloalkanes usefull as memory enhancers

CIB: A61K31/44; A61K31/4427; A61K31/4433; A61K31/445; A61K31/4465; A61K31/45; A61K31/451; A61K31/4523; A61K31/4535; A61K31/4545; A61K31/55; A61P25/04; A61P25/16; A61P25/28; A61P29/00; A61P43/00; C07B61/00; C07D211/38; C07D211/46; C07D211/54; C07D211/72; C07D211/74; C07D211/84; C07D211/86; C07D223/00; C07D223/08; C07D401/04; C07D409/04; (IPC1-7): A61K31/395; A61P43/00; C07D211/38; C07D211/54; C07D211/72; C07D211/74; C07D211/86; C07D223/08; C07D401/04; C07D409/041-Aza-2-alkyl-6-aryl cycloalkanes (I) are new. 1-Aza-2-alkyl-6-aryl cycloalkanes of formula (I), their isomers and acid addition salts, are new. n = 0 or 1; R1 = H, aryl-1-6C alkyl, 1-6C alkyl or acyl, 1-6C alkoxycarbonylaryl-1-6C alkoxy carbonyl, or CF3; R2 = 1-6C alkyl; X = O, Cl, OR3, SR4, or NOR5; R3 = H, 1-6C alkyl or acyl, 1-6C alkoxycarbonyl, or aryl 1-6C alkoxycarbonyl; R4 = H, 1-6C alkyl, or aryl; R5 = H, 1-6C alkyl(optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from OH, amino that may be substituted by one or two alkyl groups, or 1-6C alkoxy; the dotted line = an optional bond; and Ar = aryl or heteroaryl; with the proviso that (I) is not any of the following: 6-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-4-pyridinone; 2-methyl-6-phenyl-4-piperidinone; N-benzyl-2-(R'2)-6-phenyl-4-piperidinones where R'2 is methyl, ethyl, propyl, or isopropyl; or 2-(R2)-6-phenyl-4-piperidinols where R2 is isopropyl or butyl

Ascorbate levels and tomato cold storage

National audienc