Shear-Wave Elastography of Segmental Infarction of the Testis

Segmental testicular infarction (STI) is a rare cause of acute scrotum. The spectrum of findings on gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasonography differ depending on the time between the onset of testicular pain and the ultrasonography examination. We are not aware of the usefulness of shear-wave elastography for the diagnosis of STI. We report the shear-wave elastography features in a case of STI and discuss the role of this diagnostic modality in the differential diagnosis

A new computer-aided detection system for pulmonary nodules

Computer-aided detection (CAD) systems can help radiologists in early stage diagnosing of lung abnormalities. In this study, a new CAD system is presented by using wavelet transform for pulmonary nodule detection. Classification is performed by using kernels of support vector machines. Results are compared to similar works in the literature. Proposed CAD system results in 82.1% sensitivity

The journey of gastric phytobezoar followed by tomography

Phytobezoars are a rare cause of intestinal obstruction.They are usually present in patients with predisposing factors such as previous gastric surgery, diabetes, and edentulousness. In this case report, an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction due to the migration of gastric phytobezoar in a patient with no known predisposing factor is reported

Life-Threatening Complication of Percutaneous Transthoracic Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy: Systemic Arterial Air Embolism

Computed tomography-guided percutaneous transthoracic fine-needle aspiration biopsy of lung lesions is a well known diagnostic technique. Nevertheless, it has some complications; such as pneumothorax, intraparenchymal hemorrhage and hemoptysis, which are not rare. Air embolism is one of the rare but potentially fetal complications of this procedure. Herein, we report the case of a 69-year-old male, in which case of systemic air embolism developed after the performance of lung biopsy. Early diagnosis and prompt oxygen therapy is crucial for patient's survival so careful reviewing of the obtained computed tomography images during the biopsy may prevent a missing systemic air embolism and provide an adequate therapy

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Measurement in Mediastinal Lymphadenopathies: Differentiation between Benign and Malignant Lesions.

Objectives: We aimed to prospectively assess the diagnostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement in the differentiation of benign and malignant mediastinal lymphadenopathies. Materials and Methods: The study included 63 consecutive patients (28 women, 35 men; mean age 59.3 years) with 125 mediastinal lymphadenopathies. Echoplanar diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the mediastinum was performed with b-factors of 0 and 600 mm(2)/s before mediastinoscopy and mediastinotomy, and ADC values were measured. The ADC values were compared with the histological results, and statistical analysis was done. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean ADC value of malignant mediastinal lymphadenopathy (1.030 +/- 0.245 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) when compared to benign lymphadenopathies (1.571 +/- 0.559 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s). For differentiating malignant from benign mediastinal lymphadenopathy, the best result was obtained when an ADC value of 1.334 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s was used as a threshold value; area under the curve 0.848, accuracy 78.4%, sensitivity 66%, specificity of 86%, positive predictive value 76.7%, and negative predictive value of 79.2%. Interobserver agreement was excellent for ADC measurements. Conclusions: ADC measurements could be considered an important supportive method in differentiating benign from malignant mediastinal lymphadenopathies

Life-Threatening Complication of Percutaneous Transthoracic Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy: Systemic Arterial Air Embolism

Computed tomography-guided percutaneous transthoracic fine-needle aspiration biopsy of lung lesions is a well known diagnostic technique. Nevertheless, it has some complications; such as pneumothorax, intraparenchymal hemorrhage and hemoptysis, which are not rare. Air embolism is one of the rare but potentially fetal complications of this procedure. Herein, we report the case of a 69-year-old male, in which case of systemic air embolism developed after the performance of lung biopsy. Early diagnosis and prompt oxygen therapy is crucial for patient’s survival so careful reviewing of the obtained computed tomography images during the biopsy may prevent a missing systemic air embolism and provide an adequate therapy

Cement embolism confused with involvement of tuberculosis on plain graph

Although percutaneous vertebroplasty was first used in the treatment of vertebral hemangiomas, in time, it took part in the treatment of painful osteoporotic and pathological vertebral fractures. Cement embolism is a rare complication of vertebroplasty and usually remains asymptomatic; however, sometimes it may lead to fatal results. In this article, we report a 47-year-old female patient of cement embolism diagnosed by thorax computed tomography that was confused with involvement of tuberculosis due to incidentally detected high-density pulmonary opacities on plain graph. We also discussed other pathologies which should be considered in differential diagnosis when pulmonary opacities are identified

Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Living Kidney Donors: A Follow-Up Study

Background: Data on the long-term mortality and morbidity of living kidney donors are scarce. In the general population, coronary artery calcification (CAC) and progression of CAC are predictors of future cardiac risk. We conducted a study to determine the progression of CAC in renal transplant donors. Methods: We used multidetector computed tomography to examine CAC in 75 former renal transplant donors. A baseline and a follow-up scan were performed and changes in CAC scores were evaluated in each subject individually to calculate the incidence of CAC progression. Results: Baseline CAC prevalence was 16% and the mean CAC score was 5.3 +/- 25.8. At the follow-up scan that was performed after an average of 4.8 +/- 0.3 years, CAC prevalence increased to 72% and the mean CAC score to 12.5 +/- 23.4. Progression of the individual CAC score was found between 18.7 and 26.7%, depending on the method used to define progression. In patients with baseline CAC, the mean annualized rate of CAC progression was 2.1. Presence of hypertension, high systolic blood pressure and an increase in BMI were the determinants of CAC progression. Conclusions: The rate of CAC progression does not seem to be high in carefully selected donors. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Base