Comparación entre el control óptimo cuadrático y el control PID aplicado a la posición y velocidad en un ascensor

En un sistema control de manejo de un ascensor es muy importante en los perfiles de desempeño de este para la seguridad y comodidad de los usuarios. Es por eso la necesidad de poder controlar la velocidad y la posición, una de las formas para lograr esto es variando el voltaje de alimentación. Para verificara cuál de los sistemas es el más eficaz tanto los sistemas de control optimo y el control PID utilizaremos la herramienta de Simulink perteneciente a MATLAB. Después del proceso de comparar los dos controladores en estudio en el presente trabajo de investigación, es posible controlar eligiendo un adecuado y un óptimo controlador para su implementación, la elección del mismo debe tener varios factores como conocimiento pleno del tipo de control, herramientas disponibles y deseo de hacerlo. Finalmente analizaremos cual es el mejor en cuanto a su precisión, factibilidad, costo e implementación

Attitudes Towards Mathematics in Undergraduate Students of Accounting and Administrative Sciences in Peru

The purpose of this study was to analyze the attitudes towards mathematics in university students of accounting and administrative sciences in Peru. The study was descriptive-comparative, quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional. A total of 700 university students from study programs related to accounting and administrative sciences, selected intentionally from a public university and two private universities in the city of Arequipa, participated in the study. A valid and reliable instrument was applied to collect the information. It is concluded that the university students present medium level attitudes with a high tendency towards mathematics, being positive in the general attitude and in the cognitive and behavioral attitudes. However, they present negative attitudes in the affective dimension, since most of the students do not like mathematics classes. When comparing attitudes towards mathematics, male students present better positive attitudes than female students; likewise, students in the banking and insurance program present better positive attitudes than students in other programs; and according to the academic cycle, students in the last cycles present better attitudes than students in the first academic cycles

Comparison of Academic Procrastination in University Health and Social Science Students

Academic procrastination in university students of social and health sciences was compared according to socio-academic variables, such as: age, gender, occupation, area and year of study. The research was descriptive-comparative, quantitative, non-experimental; 1000 university social and health sciences students intentionally selected according to quotas participated. The information was collected with a duly validated instrument about academic procrastination. It was observed that: the majority of students perceive high academic procrastination (62%), low academic self-regulation (41%) and high procrastination of activities (74%). Concluding that the trend of academic procrastination is mostly present in students of social sciences, in male students, in the first years or academic cycles and in those who are studying while working. Therefore, most students who procrastinate avoid prioritizing the development of academic activities for others that are of particular interest such as: excessive use of technology, social networks, dependence on cell phones and work

Simulations in Science and Engineering for University Education

In this paper, the strategies and tests that guarantee a reliable solution of partial differential equations (PDE) solved with the finite difference method are proposed. The elements to be considered are presented so that the solution of equations in partial derivatives is the closest to reality. The experience of the proponents and previous work play an important role in validating simulations in science and engineering problems. A series of tests are proposed that must be carried out to validate and make the simulation results reliable, due to the fact that the selection of the finite difference scheme, the initial data, the boundary conditions and the restrictions in the time step, the stability and convergence of the solution cannot be guaranteed a priori. There are situations in which the solution is stable but converges to values ??that have no physical meaning. To illustrate the strategies and tests inherent in a simulation, such that the solutions can be trusted, the 3D wave equation (three spatial dimensions and one temporal dimension) is solved numerically, by implementing a code in FORTRAN 90, implementing a scheme finite difference to second order approximation. The stability and convergence of the solution are studied according to the schemes proposed in this research, in such a way that the results are reliable, and guarantee the possible practical implementation of the solutions. Finally, the evolution of the scalar field for different times is shown, validated with the principle of conservation of energy. The strategies implemented in this work to guarantee the reliability of the simulations are also valid when solving EDP problems with neural networks, genetic algorithms and other intelligent computing techniques. &nbsp