Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of Aryl Amines to Construct Benzimidazoles

An I(III)-catalyzed oxidative cyclization reaction using Selectfluor as the oxidant was developed that converts ortho-substituted anilines to benzimidazoles is reported. The mild reaction requires as little as 0.5 mol % of iodobenzene tolerating electron-poor groups on the aniline portion. The size of the ring can be varied to access the pyrrole, azepine, and azocines scaffolds. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest that benzimidazole formation occurs via cationic reactive intermediates, and an intramolecular kinetic isotope effect of 1.98±0.01 was measured

Interactions Among Prescribed Fire, Soil Attributes, Fungal Mats, and Mycorrhizal Fungus Fruiting Patterns in an Old-Growth \u3ci\u3ePinus ponderosa / Abies concolor\u3c/i\u3estand in Crater Lake National Park, Oregon, USA

The first of its kind, Soil characteristics tend to occur as a suite, Pre-treatment patterns: a silver lining, Prescribed burn treatment effects on soil attributes, Fruiting patterns primarily influenced by soil C:N ratios, Fungal indicator guilds, Prescribed burn treatment effects on fungal fruiting patterns, Prescribed burn treatment effects on fungal mats, Summary and take-home message