Radiation dose of caregivers could be reduced in thyroid carcinoma patients requiring high dose of radioactive iodine: A case report

Undesired radiation exposure to caregivers is an important problem in radioiodine therapy in thyroid carcinoma patients, especially when patient is non-ambulatory. Special precautions are needed to keep the exposure to caregivers low when higher dose of radioiodine is necessary

Effects of hemodialysis on iodine-131 biokinetics in thyroid carcinoma patients with end-stage chronic renal failure

ObjectivesRadioiodine therapy could be challenging in chronic renal failure patients requiring hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to establish the effects of hemodialysis on elimination of radioiodine from the body in thyroid carcinoma patients with end-stage chronic renal failure and to determine its effects on environmental radiation dose.Materials and methodsThree end-stage chronic renal failure patients (four cases) diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma requiring radioiodine therapy were included in our study. Each patient was given 50-75 mCi (1850-2775 MBq) iodine-131 with 50% dose reduction. Dose rate measurement was performed at the 2nd, 24th, and 48th hour (immediately before and after hemodialysis) after radioiodine administration. The Geiger-Muller probe was held at 1m distance at the level of the midpoint of the thorax for the dose rate measurement.Results and conclusionThe effective half-life of iodine-131 for three patients was found to be 44h. In conclusion, the amount of radioiodine excreted per hemodialysis session was calculated to be 51.25%

THE EVALUATION OF DOSE RATE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCHARGE TIME AFTER RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY

Objective: The aim of this study is to measure radiation dose rate from hospitalized patients and to determine release dose for discharge time after radionuclide therapy

Indirect assessment of the maximum empirical activity (250 mCi) with respect to dosimetry concepts in radioiodine therapy of metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer

Aim The development of reliable dosimetry models promotes the individualized therapy concept toward more success and less complications. This paper evaluates the traditional maximum empirical activity (250 mCi) and the benefit of joining two dosimetry approaches to optimize the therapeutic activity and radioiodine efficacy in metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer

The evaluation of urine activity and external dose rate from patients receiving radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer

The aim of this study was to determine the external dose rate of iodine retention as a function of time in the bodies of thyroid cancer patients during their isolation period in the hospital. Urine samples were collected at 6th, 12th, 18th, 24th h and 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th d from 83 patients after oral administration of I-131 and counted. The external dose rates were also simultaneously determined at the same time points. Then, it was expressed as retained radioiodine body activity versus dose rate. Effective half life calculated from urine sample measurements was found as 18.41.8 h within the first 24 h and 642.7 h between 48 and 120 h. According to this results, the external dose rate (20 Sv h(1)), which patients could be discharged, was achieved after 48 h for 3700 and 5550 MBq, and after 72 h for 7400 MBq of I-131 treatments

Determining and Managing Fetal Radiation Dose from Diagnostic Radiology Procedures in Turkey

Objective: We intended to calculate approximate fetal doses in pregnant women who underwent diagnostic radiology procedures and to evaluate the safety of their pregnancies

Determining and Managing Fetal Radiation Dose from Diagnostic Radiology Procedures in Turkey

OBJECTIVE: We intended to calculate approximate fetal doses in pregnant women who underwent diagnostic radiology procedures and to evaluate the safety of their pregnancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We contacted hospitals in different cities in Turkey where requests for fetal dose calculation are usually sent. Fetal radiation exposure was calculated for 304 cases in 218 pregnant women with gestational ages ranging from 5 days to 19 weeks, 2 days. FetDose software (ver. 4.0) was used in fetal dose calculations for radiographic and computed tomography (CT) procedures. The body was divided into three zones according to distance from the fetus. The first zone consisted of the head area, the lower extremities below the knee, and the upper extremities; the second consisted of the cervicothoracic region and upper thighs; and the third consisted of the abdominopelvic area. Fetal doses from radiologic procedures between zones were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and a Bonferroni-corrected Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: The average fetal doses from radiography and CT in the first zone were 0.05 ± 0.01 mGy and 0.81 ± 0.04 mGy, respectively; 0.21 ± 0.05 mGy and 1.77 ± 0.22 mGy, respectively, in the second zone; and 6.42 ± 0.82 mGy and 22.94 ± 1.28 mGy, respectively, in the third zone (p < 0.001). Our results showed that fetal radiation exposures in our group of pregnant women did not reach the level (50 mGy) that is known to increase risk for congenital anomalies. CONCLUSION: Fetal radiation exposure in the diagnostic radiology procedures in our study did not reach risk levels that might have indicated abortion