1,533 research outputs found
Misophonia:current perspectives
Misophonia is characterized by a negative reaction to a sound with a specific pattern and meaning to a given individual. In this paper, we review the clinical features of this relatively common yet underinvestigated condition, with focus on co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders. Currently available data on the putative pathophysiology of the condition can inform our understanding and guide the diagnostic process and treatment approach. Tinnitus retraining therapy and cognitive behavior therapy have been proposed as the most effective treatment strategies for reducing symptoms; however, current treatment algorithms should be validated in large population studies. At the present stage, competing paradigms see misophonia as a physiological state potentially inducible in any subject, an idiopathic condition (which can present with comorbid psychiatric disorders), or a symptomatic manifestation of an underlying psychiatric disorder. Agreement on the use of standardized diagnostic criteria would be an important step forward in terms of both clinical practice and scientific inquiry. Areas for future research include phenomenology, epidemiology, modulating factors, neurophysiological underpinnings, and treatment trials
Coherent Pion Production by Neutrinos
I concentrate in this article on the reaction--coherent pion production by
neutrinos incident on nuclei. A special effort is made in order to describe the
approximations entering the calculation. I conclude that the reaction is well
understood and with appropriate data for hadronic reactions is can be computed
for low and high energies. Because of shortage of space I omitted the resonance
analysis, which is described in articles with my collaborators.Comment: 4 pages. Proceedings of Conf. to be published by APS-Proceeding
Tourette's syndrome
Touretteās syndrome is a tic disorder that is often associated with behavioural symptoms. Diagnostic criteria are based on the presence of both motor and vocal tics; because of its varied presentations, the syndrome has the potential to be misdiagnosed. Prevalence is higher than commonly assumed; coprolalia is relatively rare (10-30%) and not required for diagnosis. The syndrome can cause serious distress and compromise health related quality of life. The main management strategies include psychoeducation, behavioural techniques, and drugs. Service provision is patchy even in developed countries and patients of all ages often āfall through the netā between neurology and psychiatry
Neurophysiological investigations for the diagnosis of non-epileptic attack disorder in neuropsychiatry services: from safety standards to improved effectiveness
OBJECTIVE: The discipline of clinical neuropsychiatry currently provides specialised services for a number of conditions that cross the traditional boundaries of neurology and psychiatry, including non-epileptic attack disorder. Neurophysiological investigations have an important role within neuropsychiatry services, with video-electroencephalography (EEG) telemetry being the gold standard investigation for the differential diagnosis between epileptic seizures and non-epileptic attacks. This article reviews existing evidence on best practices for neurophysiology investigations, with focus on safety measures for video-EEG telemetry. METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review using the PubMed database in order to identify the scientific literature on the best practices when using neurophysiological investigations in patients with suspected epileptic seizures or non-epileptic attacks. RESULTS: Specific measures need to be implemented for video-EEG telemetry to be safely and effectively carried out by neuropsychiatry services. A confirmed diagnosis of non-epileptic attack disorder following video-EEG telemetry carried out within neuropsychiatry units has the inherent advantage of allowing diagnosis communication and implementation of treatment strategies in a timely fashion, potentially improving clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness significantly. CONCLUSION: The identified recommendations set the stage for the development of standardised guidelines to enable neuropsychiatry services to implement streamlined and evidence-based care pathways
Relaxation therapy as a treatment for tics in patients with Tourette syndrome:a systematic literature review
Pion Production in Neutrino-Nucleon Reactions
We construct a model for the weak pion production off the nucleon, which in
addition to the weak excitation of the resonance and its
subsequent decay into , it includes also some background terms required
by chiral symmetry. We re-fit the form factor to the flux averaged
ANL differential cross section data, finding
a substantially smaller contribution of the pole mechanism than
traditionally assumed in the literature. We also show that the interference
between the Delta pole and the background terms produces parity-violating
contributions to the pion angular differential cross section.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of Fifth International Workshop on.
Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the Few-GeV Region. May 30, 2007 - June 3,
2007. Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois US
Health-related quality of life in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome at the transition between adolescence and adulthood
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a neurodevelopmental
condition characterised by tics and comorbid
behavioural problems, affecting predominantly
male patients. Tic severity typically fluctuates over time,
with a consistent pattern showing improvement after adolescence
in a considerable proportion of patients. Both tics
and behavioural co-morbidities have been shown to have
the potential to affect patientsā health-related quality of life
(HR-QoL) in children and adults with persisting symptoms.
In this study, we present the results of the first investigation
of HR-QoL in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
at the transition between adolescence and adulthood using
a disease-specific HR-QoL measure, the Gilles de la
Tourette Syndrome-Quality of Life-Children and Adolescents
scale. Our results showed that patients with GTS and
more severe co-morbid anxiety symptoms reported lower
HR-QoL across all domains, highlighting the impact of
anxiety on patientās well-being at a critical stage of
development. Routine screening for anxiety symptoms is
recommended in all patients with GTS seen at transition
clinics from paediatric to adult care, to implement effective
behavioural and pharmacological interventions as
appropriate
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