NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Utilização de Ecolife® e Acibenzolar-s-metil (ASM) no controle da antracnose da banana em pós-colheita Use of Ecolife® and Acibenzolar-S-metil (ASM) on the control of antracnosis in banana post-harvest

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ação dos produtos ASM e Ecolife no controle da antracnose pós-colheita em frutos de banana. Frutos sadios de banana, variedades maçã, prata, pacovan e cacau , em fase intermediária de maturação, foram imersos previamente em soluções de ASM e Ecolife e inoculados com Colletotrichum musae. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial com quatro repetições. Os resultados apresentados demonstraram a eficácia dos produtos nas concentrações de 5 ml/ L (Ecolife) e 0,50g/ L (ASM) no controle da antracnose nas variedades analisa das. A variedade cacau apresentou menor lesão quando tratada com o Ecolife (5,79 mm). Com relação ao efeito do ASM, a bana na prata demonstrou um melhor resultado, com tamanho médio de lesão de 5,62 mm. Com o decorrer do processo de maturação dos frutos houve um decréscimo na severidade da doença nas quatro variedades estudadas, exceto no tratamento testemunha, que continuou apresentando aumento no tamanho das lesões nos frutos e atingir a polpa ao final da maturação.<br>The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of ASM and Ecolife on the control of post-harvest antracnosis in banana. Banana fruits of Maçã, Prata, Pacovan and Figo varieties, at intermediate stage of maturation, were immersed in solutions of ASM and Ecolife and inoculated with Colletotrichum musae A completely randomized design was used, at a factorial scheme 4x2 (four varieties x two products) with four replicates. The presented results demonstrated the susceptibility of the fruits to the disease, mainly Maça variety with lesion of 17,99 mm. It was demosntrated the effectiveness of products at concentrations of 5ml. L-1 (Ecolife) and 0.50g. L-1 (ASM) on antracnosis control. The Figo variety presented the smallest injuries when treated with Ecolife (5.79 mm). Regarding ASM effects, Prata variety demonstrated the best performance, with 5.62 mm of injuries diameter. Throughout the maturation of the fruits the disease severity was declined in all varieties, except in the control treatment, where injuries continued growing until reaching the pulp