Typical microembolism signals (MES) recorded during cardiac catheterization

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Silent cerebral infarct after cardiac catheterization as detected by diffusion weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging: a randomized comparison of radial and femoral arterial approaches"</p><p>http://www.trialsjournal.com/content/8/1/15</p><p>Trials 2007;8():15-15.</p><p>Published online 7 Jun 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1896179.</p><p></p> Shower of MES during left ventriculography. By convention in our center upper part is for right carotid system and lower part for the left side

Typical positive DW-MRI (diffusion weighted-MRI) in asymptomatic patient confirming a recent cerebral infarction before catheterization

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Silent cerebral infarct after cardiac catheterization as detected by diffusion weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging: a randomized comparison of radial and femoral arterial approaches"</p><p>http://www.trialsjournal.com/content/8/1/15</p><p>Trials 2007;8():15-15.</p><p>Published online 7 Jun 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1896179.</p><p></p

Typical positive DW-MRI (diffusion weighted-MRI) in asymptomatic patient confirming a new lesion appeared after cardiac catheterization

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Silent cerebral infarct after cardiac catheterization as detected by diffusion weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging: a randomized comparison of radial and femoral arterial approaches"</p><p>http://www.trialsjournal.com/content/8/1/15</p><p>Trials 2007;8():15-15.</p><p>Published online 7 Jun 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1896179.</p><p></p

Comparison between patients with watershed infarct (WSI +) and those with no watershed infarct (WSI -).

<p>*one data missing.</p><p>Comparison between patients with watershed infarct (WSI +) and those with no watershed infarct (WSI -).</p

Characteristics of the Validation and Derivation[5] cohorts.

<p>Numbers in parentheses are percentages, unless indicated. SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range; IV-tPA: intravenous thrombolysis; OTT: Onset-to-treatment time; M1: M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery; mRS: Modified Rankin scale. NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. DWI-ASPECTS: Diffusion-weighted imaging Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT score.</p

Three-month outcome according to MRI-DRAGON score.

<p>mRS: modified Rankin Scale.</p

The MRI-DRAGON Score (0–10 points).

<p>IV-tPA: intravenous thrombolysis; M1: M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery. Any proximal M1 occlusion on admission MR Angiography was considered, irrespective of the status of other arteries.</p><p>mRS: Modified Rankin scale. NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. DWI-ASPECTS: Diffusion-weighted imaging Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT score.</p

Demographic data of MR+ and MR- patient subgroups.

<p>IQR: interquartile range.</p><p>Demographic data of MR+ and MR- patient subgroups.</p

Flowchart of the sulcus-based analysis.

<p>A) Processing steps for the controls. First, based on T1-weighted MRI (T1w MRI), cortical sulci were extracted. They were then automatically labeled (one color per label). The sulcus energy maps derived from this recognition process were then generated (blue to red colors, reflecting a sulcus pattern with a good match to the learning database and a bad match, respectively). These maps were averaged to obtain mean and standard deviation (SD) maps. B) Processing steps for a single FCD patient. Cortical sulci extraction, labeling, and generation of sulcus energy map were done as described in A. Finally, a sulcus energy z-score map was computed by dividing the difference between the sulcus energy of the patient and the mean sulcus energy of controls by the standard deviation of controls (blue to red colors, reflecting an increasing z-score).</p

Sulci of the left central area, based on BrainVisa nomenclature (http://brainvisa.info), lateral (A) and medial (B) views: The central sulcus (S.C.) is surrounded by the superior postcentral sulcus (S.Po.C.sup), the retrocentral transverse ramus of the lateral fissure (F.C.L.r.retroC.tr), the inferior postcentral ramus of the intraparietal sulcus (F.I.P.Po.C.inf), the median frontal sulcus (S.F.median) and the median (S.Pe.C.median), marginal (S.Pe.C.marginal), superior (S.Pe.C.sup.), intermediate (S.Pe.C.inter.) and inferior (S.Pe.C.inf.) branches of the pre-central sulcus.

<p>The ramifications of the central sulcus were composed of the central sylvian sulcus (S.C.sylvian), the paracentral lobule (S.C.LPC.) and the paracentral sulcus (S.p.C). Right hemisphere not shown.</p