CLASSIFICATION OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES FROM DATA MINING POINT OF VIEW, USING SAS ENTERPRISE GUIDE

With the development of computers and the increasing the amount of data it appeared the need of identifying new acquaintances, unknown until that moment in a relatively short time. The term of data mining involves the analysis of data from different views (aspects) in order to extract the knowledge to use them further in the foundation of decisions at microeconomic or macroeconomic levels. In this article we apply data analysis techniques such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis in order to group the countries of the European Union based on the financial indicators registered at the end of 2009 year.classification, cluster, data mining, European Union, financial indicators

AN ECONOMETRICAL MODEL FOR CALCULATING THE ROMANIAN GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT

This article analyzes the possibility of determining the Romanian Gross Domestic Product on the basis of a linear model, based on macroeconomic indicators such as unemployment, inflation, exchange rate. The proposed solution allows forecasting the Gross Domestic Product for the following period of time based on equation determined from the model in order to develop scenarios for improving the macroeconomic situation of Romania. The article also can be a starting point in the field of strategic investments, both at macro and micro level. Any foreign investor, before starting a business in another country, calculated and also made predictions about the economic situation of that country, in order not to lose the investment made.regression, GDP, inflation, unemployment, forecast

POLICY BRIEF #48: Investment obligations for on-demand players in Europe: an update of current AVMSD transpositions

This Policy Brief presents the key findings of our latest report “A European comparison of obligations on VOD providers to financially contribute to the production of European works”. Building on our report from 2018, the study shows that much has already changed in the media policy landscape and that there are increasing steps taken within Member States to oblige companies that benefit from the distribution of European audiovisual content to also contribute to content production, regardless of the market in which they are based. The findings presented here can support policymakers within and outside the EU that want to introduce or adopt financial obligations for VOD providers in their countries or regions

Investment obligations for VOD providers to financially contribute to the production of European works, a 2021 update

The latest revision of the Audiovisual Media Services directive (AVMSd) came into force in autumn 2018. The revised directive aims to strengthen European culture and clarifies the rules for investment obligations, i.e. the obligations for on-demand audiovisual media services (VOD) to contribute financially to the production of European works. For the first time, the directive also allows Member States to capture on-demand players that are targeting domestic audiences but are located outside of their borders (such as Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+, etc.). Building on our report from 2018, the study shows that much has already changed in the media policy landscape and that there are increasing steps taken within Member States to oblige companies that benefit from the distribution of European audiovisual content to also contribute to content production, regardless of the market in which they are based. The findings presented here can support policymakers within and outside the EU that want to introduce or adopt financial obligations for VOD providers in their countries or regions

Policy Brief #21: The state of play of ‘Netflix taxes’ in European Member States

Since the adoption of the new Audiovisual Media Services directive several European Member States have adopted investment obligations for over-the-top players like Netflix and Amazon. Other countries are actively exploring this. The Flemish Department of Culture, Youth and Media asked imec-SMIT to study the implementation of the so-called ‘Netflix tax’ in different EU Member States. The report has been finalised and can be downloaded here. This policy brief provides an overview of existing approaches of European Member States with regard to the imposition of investment obligations for both domestic and foreign on-demand audiovisual media services providers. It illustrates that, despite the common objectives, the approaches followed differ significantly. The report and this policy brief reflect the opinions of the researchers only. Findings are based on document analysis and contacts with media law experts from various Member States. While the report does not claim to provide an exhaustive overview of what is essentially a moving target, it is the most recent and complete account of what is going on in this area of policy-making

From Nordic Noir to Belgian Bright? Shifting TV Drama Production and Distribution in Small Markets: The Case of Flanders

Shifts in audio-visual production, distribution and consumption have increased pressure on broadcasters as main financiers of domestic content in Europe. However, within the context of internationalisation and digitalisation, there are also new opportunities for the export of European content. By taking a close look at the evolution and increasing popularity of Flemish TV drama, this article identifies key explanatory factors for the export of content produced in a small media market. The analysis also discusses the extent to which the rise in exports may contribute to the increased sustainability of a small and fragile, yet vibrant audio-visual industry

Studies on acoustic comfort in a passive house

Acoustic comfort is a requirement of major importance during the design of houses. This study focused on the acoustic comfort parameter called sound pressure level. The value of this parameter is variable during operation of a particular building , depending on the type of absorbent material and them surface. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the equipment of the technical space for a passive house . In this study was experimentally determined the value of noise for a Passive House in Romania using specialized equipment and software from Bruel & Kjaer . With these equipment and software were simulated different functional parameters of heat recovery and circulation pump, and different ways of placing the house on various types of roads leading sound pressure level simultaneously for five rooms , result compared with rules imposed values for each type of room

Optimal cost-efficiency solution of acoustic treatment for a complex meeting room

Achieving high acoustic quality in meeting rooms is important for intelligibility therefore several measures are needed especially in reflective high volume rooms. This article tackles the method and the solution to renovate a complex enclosure. The study is divided in multiple stages: development of the 3D room model exported in ODEON acoustic software, validation of the actual condition of the room with measurements, proposing and analysing different acoustic ceiling tiles and finally selecting the optimum solution based on the cost and efficacy in reducing the reverberation time (RT). The measured RT was four times higher (3.45 sec at f=1kHz) than the recommended value (0.9 sec at f=1kHz). The numerical simulation results were in accordance with the experimental measurements with errors of less than 0.2 sec. Using the difference between the RT obtained with the acoustic measures and the optimum RT we were able to calculate an efficiency that was later on compared with the cost of the solution. As a conclusion, due to a large diversity of acoustic ceiling types with different prices and sound absorption coefficients it is important, especially for complex room geometries, to run simulations and to perform a cost-efficiency analysis

Policy brief: Towards a Future-Proof Public Service Media? Lessons from a comparative analysis in seven media markets

Public service media (PSM) all over the world have consistently been subject to different forms of societal and technological transition. However, recent years have brought a number of new challenges. These include radical changes in media use, the advent of streaming services and the dominance of big tech. Moreover, the increasing diversity and polarisation of societies have led to the erosion of trust in traditional media. These have challenged the legitimacy of public service media as an institution and project, but have also affected the broadcasters themselves, requiring them to transform into fully digital, online-first organisations. In this context, we present results from the research conducted during the first year of PSMAP, a large-scale comparative research project analysing ‘Public Service Media in the Age of Platforms’. In this brief, we provide an overview of the dimensions of platformisation, and a series of core findings and discussions on PSM and platformisation, based on the analysis of media laws, broadcast contracts and licences, annual reports, and current policy debates in the following markets: Belgium (Flanders and Wallonia), Canada, Denmark, Italy, Poland, and the UK