The study of vancomycin use and its adverse reactions associated to patients of a brazilian university hospital

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Vancomycin is an antibiotic of growing importance in the treatment of hospital infections, with particular emphasis on its value in the fight against methicillin-resistant <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it>. However its usage profile must be evaluated to assure maximum benefit and minimum risk.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>A cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out among inpatients that received vancomycin in a Brazilian quaternary hospital. The occurrence of adverse reactions reported was evaluated in medical records relating to patients taking vancomycin during a one year period. Males comprised 52% (95% CI: 41.7-60.2%) of the sample population, with a mean age of 50.6 (95% CI: 47.2-54.0) years and mean treatment period of 9.7 (95% CI: 8.0-11.5) Days. It was verified that nephrotoxicity occurred in 18.4% (95% CI: 11.3-27.5) of patients, Red man syndrome occurred in 2% (95% CI 0.2-7.2), while the occurrence of thrombocytopenia was 7.1% (95% CI: 2.9-14.2).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>It may be noted that even after 50 years of use, adverse reactions associated with vancomycin continue with high frequency, presenting a public health problem, especially considering its current use in cases of multidrug resistant infections. In this context, we emphasize the importance of intensive pharmacovigilance in hospital as a surveillance tool after drug approval by the sanitary authority.</p

Farmacoepidemiologia no Brasil: evolução e perspectivas Pharmacoepidemiology in Brazil: evolution and prospects

O presente trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento da farmacoepidemiologia no Brasil. Enfatiza o papel dos programas de educação continuada em farmacologia coordenados pelo professor Carlos Lacaz, autor do primeiro livro brasileiro sobre doenças iatrogênicas. Ressalta o papel do programa de formação em farmácia clínica da Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde, onde vários profissionais brasileiros tiveram o primeiro contato com o Programa de farmacovigilância por Monitorização Intensiva Hospitalar. Refere também às primeiras teses de doutorado sobre medicamentos defendidas na Universidade de São Paulo. Relata a tentativa da Divisão de Medicamentos do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil de se direcionar para a farmacovigilância. Tece considerações sobre a I Oficina de Trabalho sobre medicamentos organizada pelas Secretarias Municipal e Estadual de Saúde de São Paulo. Enfatiza a criação da Sociedade Brasileira de Vigilância de Medicamentos, e sua importância como estimuladora da farmacoepidemiologia. Analisa o impulso do setor dinamizado pela implantação dos Centros de Informações de Medicamentos, no país. Conclui que já existem condições para se incrementar a pesquisa farmacoepidemiológica no Brasil.<br>This work recovers the historical development of pharmacoepidemiology in Brazil. The role played by the following events is particularly dealt with the influence of the pharmacological education programs coordinated by professor Carlos Lacaz, author of the first Brazilian textbook on iatrogenic diseases; the clinical pharmacy program offered by the Pan-American Health Organization, which provided a number of Brazilian professionals their first contact with the Program of Drug Surveillance by Intensive Hospital Monitoring; the first doctoral on drugs presented at São Paulo University; the attempt of the Division of Medicine of the Brazilian Health Ministry to include Pharmacovigilance among its more important aims. Also the founding of the Brazilian Association for Drug Surveillance are reported. Emphasis is also placed on the implementation of several Drug Information Centers in Brazil, and the new thrust thus provided to Drug Epidemiology. Finally, conclusions are drawn on the conditions for gathering efforts already available in universities and health service agencies nationwide in order to implement pharmacoepidemiological research in Brazil

¿Cómo Te Sientes? How Do You Feel?: Training Manual: A Community and Culturally Engaged Approach to COVID-19 Contact Tracing

Community engaged contact tracing is an evidence-based, emergent public health best practice that serves communities at risk of health disparities arising from social determinants of health equity such as adverse living and working conditions, social stressors, education, income, neighborhood characteristics, social exclusion, and access to medical care. The Como te Sientes? Contact Tracing Manual is written spcifically to train contact tracers to work in the Latino community.https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/hperfacbooks/1000/thumbnail.jp