10,390 research outputs found
A mixing interpolation method to mimic pasta phases in compact star matter
We present a new method to interpolate between two matter phases that allows
for a description of mixed phases and can be used, e.g., for mimicking
transitions between pasta structures occuring in the crust as well as in the
inner core of compact stars. This interpolation method is based on assuming
switch functions that are used to define a mixture of subphases while
fulfilling constraints of thermodynamic stability. The width of the transition
depends on a free parameter, the pressure increment relative to the critical
pressure of a Maxwell construction. As an example we present a trigonometric
function ansatz for the switch function together with a pressure increment
during the transition. We note that the resulting mixed phase equation of state
bears similarities with the appearance of substitutional compounds in neutron
star crusts and with the sequence of transitions between different pasta phases
in the hadron-to-quark matter transition. We apply this method to the case of a
hadron-to-quark matter transition and test the robustness of the compact star
mass twin phenomenon against the appearance of pasta phases modeled in this
way.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, revised version accepted for
publication in Eur. Phys. J.
Mass-radius constraints for compact stars and a critical endpoint
We present two types of models for hybrid compact stars composed of a quark
core and a hadronic mantle with an abrupt first order phase transition at the
interface which are in accordance with the latest astrophysical measurements of
two 2 M_sun pulsars. While the first is a schematic one, the second one is
based on a QCD motivated nonlocal PNJL model with density-dependent vector
coupling strength. Both models support the possibility of so called twin
compact stars which have the same mass but different radius and internal
structure at high mass (~2 M_sun), provided they exhibit a large jump \Delta
\epsilon in the energy density of the first order phase transition fulfilling
\Delta \epsilon/\epsilon_crit > 0.6. We conclude that the measurement of
high-mass twin stars would support the existence of a first order phase
transition in symmetric matter at zero temperature entailing the existence of a
critical end point in the QCD phase diagram.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, prepared for the Proceedings of the 8th
International Workshop on "Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement",March
11 to 15, 2013, Napa, California, US
Measuring intangibles' productivity. Empirical evidence from Spanish firms
As companies and shareholders begin to note the potential repercussions of intangible assets upon business results, the inability of the traditional financial statement model to reflect these new ways of creating business value has become evident. Companies have widely adopted new management tools, covering in this way the inability of the traditional financial statement model to reflect these new ways of creating business value. However, there are few prior studies measuring on a quantifiable manner the level of productivity unexplained in the financial statements. In this study, we measure the effect of intangible assets on productivity using data from Spanish firms selected randomly by size and sector over a ten-year period, from 1995 to 2004. Through a sample of more than 10,000 Spanish firms we analyse to what extent labour productivity can be explained by physical capital deepening, by quantified intangible capital deepening and by firm’s economic efficiency (or total factor productivity –PTF). Our results confirm the hypothesis that PTF weigh has increased during the period studied, especially on those firms that have experienced a significant raise in quantified intangible capital, evidencing that there are some important complementary effects between capital investment and intangible resources in the explanation of productivity growth. These results have significant differences considering economic sector and firm’s dimension.Intangibles, Accounting, Spain
Implications from GW170817 and I-Love-Q relations for relativistic hybrid stars
Gravitational wave observations of GW170817 placed bounds on the tidal
deformabilities of compact stars allowing one to probe equations of state for
matter at supranuclear densities. Here we design new parametrizations for
hybrid hadron-quark equations of state, that give rise to low-mass twin stars,
and test them against GW170817. We find that GW170817 is consistent with the
coalescence of a binary hybrid star--neutron star. We also test and find that
the I-Love-Q relations for hybrid stars in the third family agree with those
for purely hadronic and quark stars within for both slowly and
rapidly rotating configurations, implying that these relations can be used to
perform equation-of-state independent tests of general relativity and to break
degeneracies in gravitational waveforms for hybrid stars in the third family as
well.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; matches published version, updated fig.
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