3 research outputs found
Hyperinsulinemia and impaired leptin-adiponectin ratio associate with endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms in subjects with in-stent restenosis
Little is known about the association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3)
gene polymorphisms and the presence of insulin resistance and the early evolution
of atherosclerosis in nondiabetic subjects with cardiovascular disease (CAD) and
stent implantation. The present study was performed in an attempt to better
understand whether metabolic, endothelial, and angiographic findings
characteristic of subjects with cardiovascular disease and in-stent restenosis
are related to NOS3 variants. This is a case-control study performed from 2002 to
2006. All subjects admitted to the study were recruited in the Nord-Centre of
Italy, most from Milan and its surrounding towns. Measures of glucose tolerance,
insulin sensitivity, markers of endothelial dysfunction, forearm vasodilation,
and adipokine levels were determined and associated to the frequency of two
single-nucleotide polymorphisms of NOS3, i.e., Glu298Asp (rs1799983, G/T) and
rs753482 (intron 18 A/C). A total of 747 subjects, not known to have diabetes,
were evaluated: 333 subjects had asymptomatic CAD, 106 subjects had unstable
angina and were evaluated for in-stent restenosis 6 mo after stent placement, and
308 were control subjects. The presence of TT and CC minor alleles was
significantly greater in case groups compared with control subjects. At
phenotypic level, subjects with the polymorphisms were characterized by
hyperinsulinemia and reduced reactive hyperemia, whereas increased leptin and
decreased adiponectin levels were present in subjects with restenosis in the
presence of reduced minimal lumen diameter and length of stenosis almost doubled.
Hyperinsulinemia, endothelial dysfunction, and a more atherogenic profile seem to
be peculiar features of subjects with asymptomatic CAD and restenosis carrying
NOS3 gene variants