Clasificación de las fases del sueño utilizando señales EEG

La identificación eficaz de las fases del sueño es de gran ayuda para el tratamiento de problemas del sueño como la apnea obstructiva (OSA), insomnio o narcolepsia. De esta manera, se puede mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. La clasificación de estas fases pueden realizarla expertos del sueño de manera manual, basándose en señales PSG (Polisomnograma).No obstante, esto requiere mucho tiempo y para realizar una polisomnografía se necesitan muchas señales. Con un clasificador automáticobasado en señales EEGla detección sería más rápida y efectiva. En este trabajo se ha realizado una investigación de estudios ya realizados de la detección automática de las fases del sueño y se ha experimentadocon las señales EEG de 4sujetos sanos: se hanextraído un conjuntode características y se ha evaluadodel rendimiento de diferentes clasificadores. Con el clasificador KNN,7 características y 8 canales EEG, se han clasificado las fases del sueño con un F1 scoredel 51,41%. Como líneas de investigación futuras para mejorar los resultados se ha propuesto añadir característicasespectrales y reducir el número de canales, entre otras

Algunas reflexiones sobre índices de calidad en productos marinos congelados

Peer Reviewe

Oncolytic virus therapy for cancer treatment

Treballs Finals de Grau de Farmàcia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, 2023. Tutor/a: Elena Escubedo RafaIn the last few years, oncolytic virus therapy has been increasingly recognised as a new class of immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer. To date, a variety of oncolytic viruses, intact and genetically modified, have been developed for the treatment of cancer, and many clinical studies have been or are being conducted. In fact, three oncolytic viruses have already been approved and commercialised in some countries. The therapy has multiple effects such as, direct lysis of cancer cells without damaging healthy cells, the activation of the immune system, the induction of chemokines to turn a cold tumour into a hot tumour and elimination of distant and uninfected tumour cells. In addition, biotechnology is increasingly being used in oncolytic viruses to improve the targeting and obtain better efficacy. Although it has good results, the use of this therapy must take into account the characteristics of the patient, the virus and the cancer which means that each case must be assessed individually. Furthermore, clinical guidelines for viral administration remain unclear and many limitations and features of the therapy need to be investigated. This work provides an overview of the basic concepts of cancer, viruses and immunology to describe and discuss the challenges in the development of oncolytic viruses as cancer therapeutics, either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs, and to describe the future perspective of the therapy. Key words: oncolytic virus, cancer treatment, immunotherapy, clinical studies, limitations

Production and Utility of Extracellular Vesicles with 3D Culture Methods

In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomarkers, cell-free therapeutic agents, and drug delivery carriers. Despite their great clinical potential, poor yield and unscalable production of EVs remain significant challenges. When using 3D culture methods, such as scaffolds and bioreactors, large numbers of cells can be expanded and the cell environment can be manipulated to control the cell phenotype. This has been employed to successfully increase the production of EVs as well as to enhance their therapeutic effects. The physiological relevance of 3D cultures, such as spheroids, has also provided a strategy for understanding the role of EVs in the pathogenesis of several diseases and to evaluate their role as tools to deliver drugs. Additionally, 3D culture methods can encapsulate EVs to achieve more sustained therapeutic effects as well as prevent premature clearance of EVs to enable more localised delivery and concentrated exosome dosage. This review highlights the opportunities and drawbacks of different 3D culture methods and their use in EV research

Complex multiple risk intervention topromote healthy behaviours in peoplebetween 45 to 75 years attended inprimary health care (EIRA study): study protocol for a hybrid trial

Background:Health promotion is a key process of current health systems. Primary Health Care (PHC) is the idealsetting for health promotion but multifaceted barriers make its integration difficult in the usual care. The majority ofthe adult population engages two or more risk behaviours, that is why a multiple intervention might be moreeffective and efficient. The primary objectives are to evaluate the effectiveness, the cost-effectiveness andan implementation strategy of a complex multiple risk intervention to promote healthy behaviours in peoplebetween 45 to 75 years attended in PHC.Methods:This study is a cluster randomised controlled hybrid type 2 trial with two parallel groups comparing acomplex multiple risk behaviour intervention with usual care. It will be carried out in 26 PHC centres in Spain. Thestudy focuses on people between 45 and 75 years who carry out two or more of the following unhealthybehaviours: tobacco use, low adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern or insufficient physical activity level.The intervention is based on the Transtheoretical Model and it will be made by physicians and nurses in theroutine care of PHC practices according to the conceptual framework of the“5A’s”. It will have a maximum durationof 12 months and it will be carried out to three different levels (individual, group and community). Incremental costper quality-adjusted life year gained measured by the tariffs of the EuroQol-5D questionnaire will be estimated. Theimplementation strategy is based on the“Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research”, a set of discreteimplementation strategies and an evaluation framework. Discussion:EIRA study will determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a complex multiple riskintervention and will provide a better understanding of implementation processes of health promotioninterventions in PHC setting. It may contribute to increase knowledge about the individual and structural barriersthat affect implementation of these interventions and to quantify the contextual factors that moderate theeffectiveness of implementation

Bidirectional optoantenna for radio over ber architectures

This paper proposes an innovative optoantena design, result of the combination of a laser and photodiode for ber transmission and reception with a dual port full-duplex antenna. This antenna can operate at di erent frequency bands simultaneously, while keeping it's two ports highly isolated. Moreover the antenna combines ltering, duplexing and radiating thus reducing cost, volume and weight when compared to a more traditional approach. This properties make this design a perfect candidate for the implementation of radio over ber techniques. Both the design of the antenna and the characterization of the optoelectronic elements of the device are thoroughly discussed in this paper2020/202

El arte europeo de Diego María Rivera Barrientos; el Cubismo en su obra pictórica (1907 - 1928)

Treballs Finals de Grau d'Història de l'Art, Facultat de Geografia i Història, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2016-2017, Tutor: Cristina RodríguezEste trabajo tiene como objetivo principal descubrir al pintor y muralista mexicano Diego Rivera y conocer su obra realizada durante su estancia en Europa. Para poder llevar esto a cabo, se requieren otros objetivos más concretos: . Exponer y analizar las obras más significativas de su período de formación en México y de su estancia en Europa. . Descubrir la influencia y el efecto que causaron la Vanguardias europeas en las obras que Diego Rivera realizó durante su estancia en Francia y España entre 1907 y 1921. . Detectar las influencias de ese período cubista en los primeros murales realizados a su vuelta en México entre 1921 y 1928