58 research outputs found
Results from univariate and multivariate logistic regression models assessing risk factors associated with starting ART vs. not starting ART among eligible patients, stratified by clinic.
<p>AOR – adjusted odds ratio from multivariate models adjusted for all other included factors.</p>*<p>p<0.05;</p>**<p>p<0.01,</p>***<p>p<0.001. 95% CI presented in parenthesis.</p>Þ<p>Through June 30, 2011;</p
Comparison of ART eligible patients who started and did not start ART, by clinic.
<p>Results from chi-square tests of associations within clinic.</p>Þ<p>Through June 30, 2011;</p>□<p>row percentages.</p>*<p>Included in WHO 3 or WHO 4.</p
Descriptive statistics of all eligible patients, by clinic.
*<p>unless otherwise specified;</p>**<p>Through June 30, 2011;</p>***<p>Included in WHO 3 or WHO 4.</p
Flow chart of patient population characteristics retained in the study.
<p>Flow chart of patient population characteristics retained in the study.</p
Additional file 1: of Experiences and perceptions of online continuing professional development among clinicians in sub-Saharan Africa
Online CPD survey. (DOCX 16 kb
Continuing professional development for medical, nursing, and midwifery cadres in Malawi, Tanzania and South Africa: A qualitative evaluation
<div><p>Background</p><p>As innovations in the prevention and treatment of HIV and TB advance, continuing professional development (CPD) of health care workers (HCWs) remains a high priority, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where dual TB/HIV epidemics are compounded by severe HCW shortages. There is further need to examine CPD programs to identify challenges and effective solutions to strengthen HIV/TB-related CPD.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Qualitative evaluations in Malawi, Tanzania and South Africa (RSA) were conducted using key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) in each country to identify barriers and enablers of effective HIV/TB-related CPD. Key stakeholders represented CPD implementers, regulators, and developers. HCWs were purposively sampled from high disease burden districts; each HCW completed brief, semi-structured questionnaires and participated in a FGD. KII and FGD results were combined into key themes spanning across countries using a grounded theory approach.</p><p>Results</p><p>Fifty-two KIIs were conducted: 17 in Malawi, 19 in Tanzania and 16 in RSA. Eighty-nine HCWs (24 from Malawi, 38 from Tanzania and 27 from RSA) completed questionnaires and participated in FGDs. Primarily, lack of sustainable financial resources and limitations in coordination of CPD result in poor accountability for CPD oversight and reduce CPD quality assurance. Healthcare worker shortages limit CPD opportunities, creating disparities in CPD access. CPD irrelevance and imbalance between HCW-identified CPD needs and current programs reduce enthusiasm for CPD. Facility-level constraints, including poor infrastructure and weak supply chains, restrict implementation of CPD skills and knowledge. Challenges are more severe in rural settings.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>To address identified gaps, sustainable funding, strong leadership and collaboration at every level are needed to strengthen CPD regulation and accreditation systems; increase CPD accessibility in the workplace; and create enabling environments for CPD implementation. Together, these improvements may improve TB/HIV CPD quality and patient outcomes.</p></div
Comparison of demographic characteristics of TMGs in Initial vs. Revised curriculum<sup>*</sup>.
<p>*Results from chi-square tests of comparisons of means.</p
Results<sup>*</sup> from comparison of means (average scores) between schools by curriculum group.
<p>*Results from F tests of ANOVA models of comparison of means.</p
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