Perfil de isolamento microbiano em cães com otite média e externa associadas Profile of microorganisms isolated from dogs with associated media and extern otitis

Comparou-se o perfil de isolamento microbiano de amostras coletadas de cães com otite média (OM) e externa (OE) associadas. Sessenta e quatro cães com otite média e externa foram avaliados durante 10 meses. Amostras dos condutos auditivos externos foram coletadas com auxílio de swabs estéreis e aquelas do ouvido médio pela técnica cirúrgica da osteotomia da bula timpânica. Os microrganismos foram cultivados e identificados de acordo com os métodos previamente descritos, e a susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos avaliada pelo método de difusão em ágar estabelecido pelo National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Bactérias anaeróbias estritas não foram isoladas em qualquer amostra. Todas as amostras de OE mostraram crescimento bacteriano e/ou fúngico. Na OM, a positividade nas culturas foi de 48%. Os microrganismos mais isolados na OE foram: Bacillus sp. (26,9%), M. pachydermatis (22,2%) e S. intermedius (21,7%); na OM foram: S. intermedius (32,5%), S. aureus subsp. aureus (22,5%) e bacilos Gram-negativos não fermentadores (10,0%). Observou-se alguma diferença no perfil de isolamento entre os quadros de OM e OE em 96,7% dos animais. Verificou-se elevada resistência de cepas de S. intermedius à penicilina G, ampicilina, eritromicina, tetraciclina e clindamicina.The isolation pattern of samples collected from dogs with both media (OM) and extern otitis (OE) was compared. Sixty-four dogs suffering from those conditions were studied over a 10-month period. Samples from the external ear were collected with sterile swabs while those from the middle ear were collected by osteotomy of the tympanic bulla. The microorganisms were cultured and identified according to methods previously described and to the susceptibility of antimicrobials according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards agar diffusion test. Anaerobic bacteria were not isolated in any sample. All samples from OE showed bacterial and/or fungal growth. Concerning media otitis, this percentage was 48%. The most common microorganisms isolated from OE were Bacillus sp. (26.9%), M. pachydermatis (22.2%) and S. intermedius (21.7%) and those from OM were S. intermedius (32.5%), S. aureus subsp. aureus (22.5%) and non-fermentative Gram-negative rods (10.0%). Some difference was observed in the isolation pattern between media and extern otitis in 96.7% of the animals. High resistance rates of S. intermedius strains to penicillin G, ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline and clindamycin were found

Susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos de bactérias isoladas de otite externa em cães Antimicrobial sensitivity of bacteria from otitis externa in dogs

The occurrence of canine externa otitis in Fortaleza-Ceará is reported. About 91.5% of the animals with clinical signs were positive to bacterial culture. Among all infections, 49.5% were mixed infections and the most common pathogens were Staphylococcus spp coagulase negative or positive and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most effective antimicrobials for Staphylococcus coagulase negative were: the quinolones, the aminoglicoside netilmycin and the beta-lactams, excepted ampicillin, penicillin and oxacilin; for Staphylococcus coagulase positive were: cefotoxin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, imipenem, netilmycin and cephatoxin; for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were: ciprofloxacin, tobramycin and imipenem

Plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from diabetes foot infections in a Brazilian diabetic center

We bacteriologically analyzed 156 species of Enterobacteriaceae, isolated from 138 patients with community-acquired diabetic foot ulcers, in a prospective study made at a diabetic center and at the Federal University of Ceará, Brazil, from March, 2000, to November, 2001.The samples were cultured using selective media, and identification, susceptibility tests and detection of plasmid-mediated-extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains were made with conventional and automated methods. The most frequently occurring pathogens were K. pneumoniae (21.2%), Morganella morganii (19.9%) and E. coli (15.4%). High resistance rates were noted for ampicillin, first generation cephalosporin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and chloramphenicol. ESBL-producing strains were detected in 6% of the patients. Resistance among gram-negative bacteria has become increasingly common, even in community-acquired infections

Plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from diabetes foot infections in a Brazilian diabetic center

We bacteriologically analyzed 156 species of Enterobacteriaceae, isolated from 138 patients with community-acquired diabetic foot ulcers, in a prospective study made at a diabetic center and at the Federal University of Ceará, Brazil, from March, 2000, to November, 2001.The samples were cultured using selective media, and identification, susceptibility tests and detection of plasmid-mediated-extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains were made with conventional and automated methods. The most frequently occurring pathogens were K. pneumoniae (21.2%), Morganella morganii (19.9%) and E. coli (15.4%). High resistance rates were noted for ampicillin, first generation cephalosporin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and chloramphenicol. ESBL-producing strains were detected in 6% of the patients. Resistance among gram-negative bacteria has become increasingly common, even in community-acquired infections

Transfer of clindamicyn resistance between Bacteroides fragilis group strains isolated from clinical specimens

Clindamycin resistance was trasferred by a conjugation-like process from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 52, a multiple antibiotic-resistant strain isolated from clinical specimens, to other Bacteroides species. A possible association between a plasmid detected in the donor strain and clindamycin resistance is discussed.<br>Resistência à clindamicina foi transferida através de processo semelhante à conjugação, de uma cepa multirresistente e isolada de espécime clínico, B. thetaiotaomicron 52, para outra espécie de Bacteroides. Uma possível associação entre um plasmídio detectado na cepa doadora e a resistência à clindamicina é discutida

Manejo de irrigação e fertilização nitrogenada para o feijoeiro na região dos cerrados Irrigation timing and nitrogen fertilization for common bean crop in the cerrado region

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido na área experimental da Embrapa-Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária dos Cerrados (CPAC) com o objetivo de estudar os efeitos de diferentes regimes hídricos e de diferentes doses de N sobre a produtividade e componentes de produção de feijão Pérola (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivado após o milho, na região de cerrado. As aplicações de água foram feitas quando a tensão de água no solo, medida a 10 cm de profundidade, atingia valores de 41, 55, 75 e 300 kPa. As doses de N testadas foram: 0, 40, 80 e 160 kg/ha. As doses foram parceladas em duas aplicações, a saber: a metade, aplicada por ocasião da emergência das plântulas, e o restante, no início do estádio de florescimento da cultura. A máxima produtividade foi obtida com as irrigações quando a tensão de água no solo era de 41 kPa, medida a 10 cm de profundidade. As doses de N que propiciaram as máximas produtividades variaram com a tensão de água no solo utilizada para o controle da irrigação. A quantidade de água aplicada para uma produtividade superior a 4.800 kg/ha foi em torno de 450 mm. O valor da relação entre a produtividade e a lâmina de água aplicada aumentou com o aumento da tensão de água no solo e das doses de N.<br>This study was carried out in the experimental field of the Embrapa-Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária dos Cerrados (CPAC) to determine the irrigation timing and the nitrogen amounts for common bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cultivated after corn, in the cerrado region. Water was applied when soil-water tension, measured at a depth of 10 cm reached values of 41, 55, 75 and 300 kPa. The nitrogen doses were splited in two applications. Half doses was applied just after germination and the other half at the initial flowering stage. The highest yield was obtained with irrigation at 41 kPa, measured at a depth of 10 cm. In relation to nitrogen doses, maximum yield was attained with variable soil water tension value used to control water application. The total amount of water applied to common bean crop for a yield over 4,800 kg/ha was approximately 450 mm. The value of the relationship between yield and applied water increased as soil water tension and nitrogen doses increased