Communauté d'apprentissage et communauté de pratique en<br />ligne : le processus réflexif dans la formation des formateurs

Recent educational policies are oriented towards thetraining of teachers for online collaborative work.We size this opportunity to examine the delicaterelationship between reflective practice andcommunity of practice. Keeping in mind theprofessional development of teachers, we stress theinterest of developing trainings which support theemergence of communities of practice and raise theawareness about new instructional strategies. Weintroduce a paradigm which articulates fournotions, namely reflection on practice, dialogue inthe reflective process, learning community andcommunity of practice. We describe a frameworkfor reflection integrated into a collaborative learningprocess, its specific media of discourse, scenario anddialogical process. A case study illustrates ourapproach.Saisissant l'occasion offerte par de récentes politiques éducatives qui orientent la formation des enseignants vers le travail collectif en réseaux, nous abordons ici la délicate question de l'association entre pratique réflexive et participation à des communautés de pratique en ligne. Motivés par le développement professionnel de l'enseignant, nous montrons l'intérêt de concevoir des formations qui ont pour enjeux d'être un terreau favorisant l'émergence de communautés de pratique en ligne et d'ouvrir les praticiens à de nouvelles postures pédagogiques. Nous présentons un paradigme qui articule quatre notions : réflexion sur les pratiques, cadre dialogique pour le processus réflexif, communauté d'apprentissage et communauté de pratique. Nous décrivons un dispositif de travail réflexif intégré au sein d'une formation collaborative avec ses supports d'expression, son scénario et son processus dialogique. L'ensemble est illustré par une étude de cas portant sur une formation de formateurs qui s'est répétée sur deux années consécutives

Bylaws (Reglements des Salles) of the Club Jacques Cartier

Bylaws (Reglements des Salles) of the Club Jacques Cartier, c. 1940.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/fac-le-club-jacques-cartier/1006/thumbnail.jp

Noces D\u27Argent de L\u27Institut Jacques-Cartier 1872-1897

Souvenir for the 25th Anniversary of the Institut Jacques-Cartier, Lewiston, Main

L\u27Insitut Jacques Cartier Letter to Armand Dutil

Letter from members of L\u27Institut Jacques Cartier to Armand Dutil, President of Club Raquetteur Jacques Cartier.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/fac-le-club-jacques-cartier/1018/thumbnail.jp

Comparison of fasting and non-fasting lipid profiles in a large cohort of patients presenting at a community hospital

Objective: To compare the fasting and non-fasting lipid profile including ApoB in a cohort of patients from a community setting. Our purpose was to determine the proportion of results that could be explained by the known biological variation in the fasting state and to examine the additional impact of non-fasting on these same lipid parameters. Methods: 1093 adult outpatients with fasting lipid requests were recruited from February to September 2016 at the blood collection sites of the Moncton Hospital. Participants were asked to come back in the next 3–4 days after having eaten a regular breakfast to have their blood drawn for a non-fasting lipid profile. Results: 91.6% of patients in this study had a change in total cholesterol that fell within the biological variation expected for this parameter. Similar results were seen for HDL-C (94.3%) non-HDL-C (88.8%) and ApoB (93.0%). A smaller number of patients fell within the biological variation expected for TG (78.8%) and LDL-C (74.6%). An average TG increase of 0.3 mmol/L was observed in fed patients no matter the level of fasting TG. A gradual widening in the range of change in TG concentration was observed as fasting TG increased. Similar results were seen in diabetic patients. Conclusion: Outside of LDL-C and TG, little changes were seen in lipid parameters in the postprandial state. A large part of these changes could be explained by the biological variation. We observed a gradual widening in the range of increase in TG for patients with higher fasting TG. Non-HDL-C and ApoB should be the treatment target of choice for patients in the non-fasting state

Jacques Cartier Club de Raquetteurs Reglements du Corps de Clarions et Tambours

Le Club Jacques Cartier bylaws c. 1940.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/fac-le-club-jacques-cartier/1007/thumbnail.jp

Predictive value of nonspecific bronchial responsiveness in occupational asthma

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of occupational asthma (OA) can be challenging and needs a stepwise approach. However, the predictive value of the methacholine challenge has never been addressed specifically in this context. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the methacholine challenge in OA. METHODS: A Canadian database was used to review 1012 cases of workers referred for a suspicion of OA between 1983 and 2011 and having had a specific inhalation challenge. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of methacholine challenges at baseline of the specific inhalation challenge, at the workplace, and outside work. RESULTS: At baseline, the methacholine challenge showed an overall sensitivity of 80.2% and a specificity of 47.1%, with positive and negative predictive values of 36.5% and 86.3%, respectively. Among the 430 subjects who were still working, the baseline measures displayed a sensitivity of 95.4%, a specificity of 40.1%, and positive and negative predictive values of 41.1% and 95.2%, respectively. Among the 582 subjects tested outside work, the baseline measures demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 66.7% and 52%, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of 31.9% and 82.2%, respectively. When considering all subjects tested by a methacholine challenge at least once while at work (479), the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 98.1%, 39.1%, and 44.0% and 97.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: A negative methacholine challenge in a patient still exposed to the causative agent at work makes the diagnosis of OA very unlikely

Agent-based simulation of pedestrians' earthquake evacuation; application to Beirut, Lebanon

Most seismic risk assessment methods focus on estimating the damages to the built environment and the consequent socioeconomic losses without fully taking into account the social aspect of risk. Yet, human behaviour is a key element in predicting the human impact of an earthquake, therefore, it is important to include it in quantitative risk assessment studies. In this study, an interdisciplinary approach simulating pedestrians' evacuation during earthquakes at the city scale is developed using an agent-based model. The model integrates the seismic hazard, the physical vulnerability as well as individuals' behaviours and mobility. The simulator is applied to the case of Beirut, Lebanon. Lebanon is at the heart of the Levant fault system that has generated several Mw>7 earthquakes, the latest being in 1759. It is one of the countries with the highest seismic risk in the Mediterranean region. This is due to the high seismic vulnerability of the buildings due to the absence of mandatory seismic regulation until 2012, the high level of urbanization, and the lack of adequate spatial planning and risk prevention policies. Beirut as the main residential, economic and institutional hub of Lebanon is densely populated. To accommodate the growing need for urban development, constructions have almost taken over all of the green areas of the city; squares and gardens are disappearing to give place to skyscrapers. However, open spaces are safe places to shelter, away from debris, and therefore play an essential role in earthquake evacuation. Despite the massive urbanization, there are a few open spaces but locked gates and other types of anthropogenic barriers often limit their access. To simulate this complex context, pedestrians' evacuation simulations are run in a highly realistic spatial environment implemented in GAMA [1]. Previous data concerning soil and buildings in Beirut [2, 3] are complemented by new geographic data extracted from high-resolution Pleiades satellite images. The seismic loading is defined as a peak ground acceleration of 0.3g, as stated in Lebanese seismic regulations. Building damages are estimated using an artificial neural network trained to predict the mean damage [4] based on the seismic loading as well as the soil and building vibrational properties [5]. Moreover, the quantity and the footprint of the generated debris around each building are also estimated and included in the model. We simulate how topography, buildings, debris, and access to open spaces, affect individuals' mobility. Two city configurations are implemented: 1. Open spaces are accessible without any barriers; 2. Access to some open spaces is blocked. The first simulation results show that while 52% of the population is able to arrive to an open space within 5 minutes after an earthquake, this number is reduced to 39% when one of the open spaces is locked. These results show that the presence of accessible open spaces in a city and their proximity to the residential buildings is a crucial factor for ensuring people's safety when an earthquake occurs