ANÁLISE DA OCUPAÇÃO DE LOTEAMENTOS REGULARES NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO ANTES DA LICENÇA DE OPERAÇÃO

Devido à preocupação com o meio ambiente, o Poder Público impõe a obrigação de prévio licenciamento ambiental para empreendimentos. Deste modo, este trabalho teve por escopo examinar a legislação estadual paulista acerca do licenciamento ambiental de loteamentos no que toca à impossibilidade de sua ocupação antes da Licença de Operação. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Estado de São Paulo, pela análise de autos de infração e imposição de advertências ou multas em loteamentos regulares, devido a ocupação antes da licença de operação. Foram localizados 802 autos de infração aplicados, com variação das penalidades, de mera advertência a multa pecuniária. Sendo inviável ou inadmissível a visão de interpretação da legislação vigente, foi desenvolvido um texto referente a sugestão de alteração na legislação estadual. Pode-se notar a importância da correta leitura e interpretação do ordenamento jurídico, para que não ocorra aplicação de multas indevidas a loteadores que cumprem as regras legais

EVALUATION OF CERVICAL ALIGNMENT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THORACIC KYPHOSIS AND SPINOPELVIC PARAMETERS AFTER SCOLIOSIS CORRECTION SURGERY

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the cervical alignment after the correction of idiopathic scoliosis using high screw density and direct vertebral derotation (DVD) and to correlate it with thoracic kyphosis, spinopelvic parameters, and quality of life. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. We assessed the medical records and radiographs of patients submitted to idiopathic scoliosis surgery using high density of pedicular screws (80%) and DVD with at least 6 months of follow-up. All the radiographic parameters were evaluated in the preoperative period and in the last postoperative visit. Results: A total of 43 patients were evaluated, of which 35 (81%) were female. The mean age was 15 years (11 to 30 years) with a mean follow-up of one year and four months. Regarding Lenke’s classification, 14 were of group 1, five of group 2, 10 of group 3, eight of group 4, four of group 5 and two of group 6. Only four patients had sagittal modifier (+) and two sagittal modifier (-).There was no significant difference between pre and postoperative thoracic kyphosis. When we evaluated the groups with +, N and - thoracic modifiers, we observed hypokyphotic and normokyphotic patients (- and N) had an increase in kyphosis, whereas hyperkyphotic patients (+)had a decrease. There was no statistical difference in relation to the radiographic parameters of the cervical spine in the pre and postoperative periods. There was a significant improvement in most of the parameters of the quality of life questionnaires, but no correlation with the cervical radiographic parameters. Conclusion: Correction of idiopathic scoliosis using a high density of pedicular screws and a direct vertebral derotation technique failed to improve thoracic kyphosis or change the cervical sagittal alignment, despite promoting a significant improvement in the parameters of quality of life questionnaires

EVALUATION OF CERVICAL ALIGNMENT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THORACIC KYPHOSIS AND SPINOPELVIC PARAMETERS AFTER SCOLIOSIS CORRECTION SURGERY

<div><p>ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the cervical alignment after the correction of idiopathic scoliosis using high screw density and direct vertebral derotation (DVD) and to correlate it with thoracic kyphosis, spinopelvic parameters, and quality of life. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. We assessed the medical records and radiographs of patients submitted to idiopathic scoliosis surgery using high density of pedicular screws (80%) and DVD with at least 6 months of follow-up. All the radiographic parameters were evaluated in the preoperative period and in the last postoperative visit. Results: A total of 43 patients were evaluated, of which 35 (81%) were female. The mean age was 15 years (11 to 30 years) with a mean follow-up of one year and four months. Regarding Lenke’s classification, 14 were of group 1, five of group 2, 10 of group 3, eight of group 4, four of group 5 and two of group 6. Only four patients had sagittal modifier (+) and two sagittal modifier (-).There was no significant difference between pre and postoperative thoracic kyphosis. When we evaluated the groups with +, N and - thoracic modifiers, we observed hypokyphotic and normokyphotic patients (- and N) had an increase in kyphosis, whereas hyperkyphotic patients (+)had a decrease. There was no statistical difference in relation to the radiographic parameters of the cervical spine in the pre and postoperative periods. There was a significant improvement in most of the parameters of the quality of life questionnaires, but no correlation with the cervical radiographic parameters. Conclusion: Correction of idiopathic scoliosis using a high density of pedicular screws and a direct vertebral derotation technique failed to improve thoracic kyphosis or change the cervical sagittal alignment, despite promoting a significant improvement in the parameters of quality of life questionnaires.</p></div