Crude and Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for potential predictors of creatinine clearance <50 mg/dl among HIV-infected, ART-naïve individuals, stratified by clinical trial.

<p>Models adjusted for age, gender, BMI, hemoglobin, CD4, and pregnancy.</p>*<p>No pregnant women in the HTPN 052 clinical trial experienced creatinine clearance <50 mg/dl. All women screened for the BAN clinical trial were pregnant.</p

Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of HIV-infected, ART-naïve individuals at screening visit, stratified by clinical trial and pregnancy status.

<p>Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of HIV-infected, ART-naïve individuals at screening visit, stratified by clinical trial and pregnancy status.</p

Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for potential predictors of Creatinine Clearance <50 mg/dl in HIV-infected, ART-naïve individuals, stratified by gender and pregnancy.

<p>Models adjusted for Age, BMI, CD4 cell count, and hemoglobin.</p

Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for sensitivity analysis of potential predictors of creatinine clearance <90 ml/min among HIV-infected, ART-naïve pregnant women, stratified by clinical trial.

<p>Models adjusted for age, BMI, hemoglobin, CD4 cell count.</p>*<p>All women screened for the BAN clinical trial were pregnant.</p

Dense Genotyping of Immune-Related Loci Identifies Variants Associated with Clearance of HPV among HIV-Positive Women in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS)

<div><p>Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is a necessary and causal factor of cervical cancer. Most women naturally clear HPV infections; however, the biological mechanisms related to HPV pathogenesis have not been clearly elucidated. Host genetic factors that specifically regulate immune response could play an important role. All HIV-positive women in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS) with a HR-HPV infection and at least one follow-up biannual visit were included in the study. Cervicovaginal lavage samples were tested for HPV using type-specific HPV hybridization assays. Type-specific HPV clearance was defined as two consecutive HPV-negative tests after a positive test. DNA from participants was genotyped for 196,524 variants within 186 known immune related loci using the custom ImmunoChip microarray. To assess the influence of each single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with HR-HPV clearance, the Cox proportional hazards model with the Wei-Lin-Weissfeld approach was used, adjusting for CD4+ count, low risk HPV (LR-HPV) co-infection, and relevant confounders. Three analytical models were performed: race-specific (African Americans (n = 258), European Americans (n = 87), Hispanics (n = 55), race-adjusted combined analysis, and meta-analysis of pooled independent race-specific analyses. Women were followed for a median time of 1,617 days. Overall, three SNPs (rs1112085, rs11102637, and rs12030900) in the <i>MAGI-3</i> gene and one SNP (rs8031627) in the <i>SMAD3</i> gene were associated with HR-HPV clearance (p<10⁻⁶). A variant (rs1633038) in <i>HLA-G</i> were also significantly associated in African American. Results from this study support associations of immune-related genes, having potential biological mechanism, with differential cervical HR-HPV infection outcomes.</p> </div

Cox proportional Hazard Ratios (HR) for the SNPS associated with time to clearance of high-risk (HR-HPV) HPV infection in the race-adjusted analysis, individual race-specific analysis, and pooled analysis of the three races separately.

<p>Cox proportional Hazard Ratios (HR) for the SNPS associated with time to clearance of high-risk (HR-HPV) HPV infection in the race-adjusted analysis, individual race-specific analysis, and pooled analysis of the three races separately.</p

Manhattan plot showing the association P-values of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ImmunoChip with the time to clearance of HR-HPV.

<p>The X-axes display the chromosome on which the SNP is located, the Y-axes display −log₁₀ P-value. The dashed black line represents a significance level needed for multiple testing using the K effective method. Panel A.) Race-adjusted analysis B.) African Americans only C.) European Americans only, and D.) Hispanics only.</p

Demographic and clinical data for 438 women from the HERS cohort included in the current study.

<p>In parentheses are percentages unless otherwise noted. Numbers in brackets denote women with available data. P-values <0.10 are provided, although only p-values <0.05 are considered statistically significant. NS = not significant (p≥0.10); SD = standard deviation.</p><p>Demographic and clinical data for 438 women from the HERS cohort included in the current study.</p

Phylogenetic tree based on consensus 5′UTR sequences for 70 HIV/GBV-C co-infected women.

<p>GenBank reference sequences are indicated by open circles. Relevant posterior probabilities (out of 1.00) are shown. The scale bar indicates 0.02 nucleotide substitutions per site.</p

Demographic and clinical data for 306 HIV-positive women from the HERS cohort included in the current study.

<p>In parentheses are percentages unless otherwise noted. Numbers in brackets denote women with available data. P-values <0.10 are provided, although only p-values <0.05 are considered statistically significant. NS = not significant (p≥0.10); SD = standard deviation; IQR = interquartile range.</p><p>Demographic and clinical data for 306 HIV-positive women from the HERS cohort included in the current study.</p