Clinically Translatable Transcrocetin Delivery Platform for Correction of Tumor Hypoxia and Enhancement of Radiation Therapy Effects

Improving the tumor reoxygenation to sensitize the tumor to radiation therapy is a cornerstone in radiation oncology. Here, the pre‐clinical development of a clinically transferable liposomal formulation encapsulating trans sodium crocetinate (NP TSC) is reported to improve oxygen diffusion through the tumor environment. Early pharmacokinetic analysis of the clinical trial of this molecule performed on 37 patients orient to define the optimal fixed dosage to use in a triple‐negative breast cancer model to validate the therapeutic combination of radiation therapy and NP TSC. Notably, it is reported that this formulation is non‐toxic in both humans and mice at the defined fixed concentration, provides a normalization of the tumor vasculature within 72 h window after systemic injection, leads to a transient increase (50% improvement) in the tumor oxygenation, and significantly improves the efficacy of both mono‐fractionated and fractionated radiation therapy treatment. Together, these findings support the introduction of a first‐in‐class therapeutic construct capable of tumor‐specific reoxygenation without associated toxicities

Teledetection des elements semi-naturels: utilisation des donnees pleiades pour la detection des haies

International audienc

بررسی ترکیب های مختلف کشت مخلوط زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum) و عدس (Lens culinaris) در سیستم های کشاورزی کم نهاده دوره6 شماره1 سال1386

To evaluate the effects of different intercropping arrangements of cumin and lentil on plant growth and yield, an experiment was conducted in Agricultural Research Station of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in the growing season of the year 2004. Treatments were A: row intercropping of cumin and lentil B: strip intercropping of cumin and lentil (three cumin rows and three lentil rows) C: strip intercropping of cumin and lentil (four cumin rows and four lentil rows) D: sole crop of cumin (six rows) E: sole crop of lentil (six rows). For this purpose a complete randomized block design with 4 replications was used. Results showed that economic and biologic yield of cumin, 1000-seeds weight, number of seeds per umbel were affected by different intercropping arrangements and there was a decreasing trend in these parameters from intercropped to the sole crop. Biological and economic yield and also harvest index for lentil were higher in sole crop compared with intercrop. There was a decreasing trend in LER from row intercropped to strip cropping and the highest LER (1.86) was obtained from treatment A and the least (1.26) was obtained in treatment C .به منظور بررسی مقایسه ترکیبهای مختلف کشت مخلوط زیره سبز و عدس، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1384 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 4 تکرار و 5 تیمار شامل آرایش های مختلف کاشت مخلوط دو گیاه عدس و زیره اجرا شد.تیمارهای این آزمایش عبارت بودند از A : کشت مخلوط ردیفی زیره و عدس،B : کشت نواری زیره و عدس (3 ردیف زیره و 3 ردیف عدس)، C : کشت نواری زیره و عدس (4 ردیف زیره و 4 ردیف عدس)،D : کشت خا لص زیره (6 ردیف)،E : کشت خالص عدس (6 ردیف). بدین ترتیب تیمارها در دامنه‌ای از کشت مخلوط ردیفی شروع و به کشت نواری ختم شد. بررسی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در گیاه زیره سبز نشان داد که وزن خشک اندام های رویشی، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، وزن هزار دانه و تعداد بذر در هر چتر بطور معنی داری تحت تأثیر ترکیبهای مختلف کاشت قرار گرفت و با تغییر الگوی کاشت از کشت مخلوط ردیفی به سمت کشت خالص مقادیر آنها کاهش یافت. وزن خشک اندام های رویشی، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت در عدس نیز تحت تاثیر الگوهای کشت قرار گرفت، به‌طوریکه بیشترین مقادیر در تیمار کشت خالص عدس بدست آمد. ارزیابی نسبت برابری زمین (LER) نشان داد که بیشترین LER ( 86/1) مربوط به تیمار A ( کشت مخلوط ردیفی ) و کمترین LER (26/1 ) مربوط به تیمار C (کشت مخلوط نواری) بود. به تدریج و با تغییر الگوی کشت مخلوط ردیفی به سمت کشت مخلوط نواری، LER کاهش پیدا کرد

Gemcitabine-Based Chemoradiotherapy Enhanced by a PARP Inhibitor in Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a devastating disease with a 5-year overall survival of 9% for all stages. Gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer is highly toxic. We conducted an in vitro study to determine whether poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibition radiosensitized gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. Human pancreatic cancer cell lines, MIA PaCa-2, AsPC-1, BxPC-3 and PANC-1 were treated with gemcitabine (10 nM) and/or olaparib (1 µM). Low-LET gamma single dose of 2, 5 and 10 Gy radiations were carried out. Clonogenic assay, PAR immunoblotting, cell cycle distribution, γH2Ax, necrotic and autophagic cell death quantifications were performed. Treatment with olaparib alone was not cytotoxic, but highly radiosensitized cell lines, particularly at high dose per fraction A non-cytotoxic concentration of gemcitabine radiosensitized cells, but less than olaparib. Interestingly, olaparib significantly enhanced gemcitabine-based radiosensitization in PDAC cell lines with synergistic effect in BxPC-3 cell line. All cell lines were radiosensitized by the combination of gemcitabine and olaparib, through an increase of unrepaired double-strand, a G2 phase block and cell death. Radiosensitization was increased with high dose of radiation. The combination of olaparib with gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy could lead to an enhancement of local control in vivo and an improvement in disease-free survival

Robust path opening versus path opening for the detection of hedgerows in rural landscapes

International audienceThe automatic detection of hedgerows in very high resolution remote sensing images is addressed in this paper. In particular, the use of advanced morphological filters, such as path operators, is proposed. Conventional path openings have been already proposed in the literature to discriminate between forest objects and hedge objects in very high resolution optical images. They have shown greater flexibility with respect to geodesic openings. However, path operators are sensitive to noise and in practical situations they are likely to produce missed detections. In particular, path operators are unable to extract long hedgerows as a single object. In order to tackle this limitation, robust path openings are investigated in this work. In the experimental results, robust path opening shows superior performances for the detection of hedgerows

Robust path opening versus path opening for the detection of hedgerows in rural landscapes

International audienceThe automatic detection of hedgerows in very high resolution remote sensing images is addressed in this paper. In particular, the use of advanced morphological filters, such as path operators, is proposed. Conventional path openings have been already proposed in the literature to discriminate between forest objects and hedge objects in very high resolution optical images. They have shown greater flexibility with respect to geodesic openings. However, path operators are sensitive to noise and in practical situations they are likely to produce missed detections. In particular, path operators are unable to extract long hedgerows as a single object. In order to tackle this limitation, robust path openings are investigated in this work. In the experimental results, robust path opening shows superior performances for the detection of hedgerows

Robust path opening versus path opening for the detection of hedgerows in rural landscapes

International audienceThe automatic detection of hedgerows in very high resolution remote sensing images is addressed in this paper. In particular, the use of advanced morphological filters, such as path operators, is proposed. Conventional path openings have been already proposed in the literature to discriminate between forest objects and hedge objects in very high resolution optical images. They have shown greater flexibility with respect to geodesic openings. However, path operators are sensitive to noise and in practical situations they are likely to produce missed detections. In particular, path operators are unable to extract long hedgerows as a single object. In order to tackle this limitation, robust path openings are investigated in this work. In the experimental results, robust path opening shows superior performances for the detection of hedgerows

Robust path opening versus path opening for the detection of hedgerows in rural landscapes

International audienceThe automatic detection of hedgerows in very high resolution remote sensing images is addressed in this paper. In particular, the use of advanced morphological filters, such as path operators, is proposed. Conventional path openings have been already proposed in the literature to discriminate between forest objects and hedge objects in very high resolution optical images. They have shown greater flexibility with respect to geodesic openings. However, path operators are sensitive to noise and in practical situations they are likely to produce missed detections. In particular, path operators are unable to extract long hedgerows as a single object. In order to tackle this limitation, robust path openings are investigated in this work. In the experimental results, robust path opening shows superior performances for the detection of hedgerows

Toxicocinétique et distribution tissulaire du delta-9-tétrahydrocannabinol : étude chez le porc

Cette étude présente un nouveau modèle animal, le porc de race Large White, utilisé pour mettre en œuvre des expérimentations pouvant aider à mieux connaître la distribution tissulaire du $\Delta ^{9}$-tétrahydrocannabinol (THC) notamment au niveau du cerveau. Les cinétiques réalisées chez le porc après administration de THC par voie intrajugulaire ont montré une similitude avec l'évolution des concentrations en THC rencontrée chez l'homme. La demi-vie terminale d'élimination du THC a été calculée à 10,6 h ainsi que le volume de distribution à 32 L/kg. Pour étudier la distribution tissulaire des cannabinoïdes, 8 porcs ont reçu 200 $\mu$g/kg de THC par injection. Deux porcs ont été sacrifiés 30 min après injection puis 2 autres après 2, 6 et 24 heures. L'élimination du THC est la plus rapide au niveau du foie, et la plus lente au niveau de la graisse où les concentrations sont encore importantes 24 heures après l'injection. L'élimination au niveau du cerveau semble plus lente que dans le sang total. Après 30 min, au niveau du cerveau la plus forte concentration en THC est retrouvée au sein du cervelet et la plus faible au niveau du bulbe rachidien. Au niveau des autres organes (rein, rate, cœur, muscle et poumon), l'élimination est comparable à celle observée dans le plasma. Cette étude confirme la rétention prolongée du THC dans les tissus lipophiles (graisse et cerveau), déjà observée chez l'homme. La corrélation entre les résultats obtenus et les données connues chez l'homme montre que le porc est un bon modèle animal en vue d'études plus approfondies sur le métabolisme et la distribution des cannabinoïdes