Operational Consumption of fuel of a sugar cane harvester

Studies have shown that using higher operational capacity harvesters render less fuel consumption per harvested area and, as a result, less operating expenses. This paper aims to obtain the effective fuel consumption per hour of the CASE IH A4000 harvester during the mechanical harvest of raw sugar cane. The study took place in a sugar cane plantation with mechanical harvest in an area belonging to a producer for Coagro (Cooperativa Agroindustrial do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Ltda.) (Agroindustrial Cooperative of the State of Rio de Janeiro), in the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. The variety of sugar cane was evaluated at RB867515 in its third cut. The system of automatic data acquisition was built from a volumetric flow sensor to determine the fuel flow, in addition to a data collector (Datalogger) and a global positioning system (GPS) device. To determine the fuel consumption per hour, data from the fuel flow sensor were used. The consumption per hour of fuel was 33.9 L.h-1. The effective consumption was estimated in 1.84 L. ton-1. The consumption per hour and the effective consumption of the CASE IH A4000 were more than double of what the manufacturers stipulated, which means, the consumption is much higher than desirable

Factors that affect sprouting and tillering of sugar cane

Currently, Brazil is the world's largest producer of sugar cane. Various factors can interfere in the productivity and technological quality of sugar cane, which in the end, represent the integration of the different conditions to which the culture was exposed. Some of the most relevant aspects for good final yielding or stand of plants are related to planting practices. These practices directly affect the ability of sprouting and tillering of sugar cane. Based on a review of the literature, this article aims to report the various factors that can affect sprouting and tillering of sugar cane

Avaliação de linhagens de feijão-de-vagem para as regiões Norte e Noroeste Fluminense Evaluation of Promising of snap bean to the North and Northwest Fluminense

O feijão-de-vagem é uma hortaliça rica em fibras, proteínas e vitaminas. Dentro do programa de melhoramento do feijão-de-vagem da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), foram realizadas seleções nas populações F2, em campo; avançando até F5 pelo método SSD, em casa de vegetação; selecionando 30 linhas promissoras em F6. Continuando o programa, a geração F7 foi cultivada e avaliada, em campo, em Campos dos Goytacazes e em Bom Jesus do Itabapoana. As características avaliadas foram: altura de inserção da primeira vagem (APV); altura da planta (AP); o número médio de vagens por planta (NMV); comprimento médio das vagens (CMV); peso médio de grãos por vagem (PMGV); teor de fibras nas vagens (FIB); produtividade de vagens por hectare (ProdVagens) e a produtividade de grãos por hectare (ProdGrãos). Não houve interação genótipo x ambiente (local) para a característica teor de fibra nas vagens, indicando ser esta bastante estável aos ambientes estudados. O teste de Scott-Knot formou três grupos quanto ao teor de fibras nas vagens frescas. Houve efeito significativo de genótipos para todas as características avaliadas, exceto para o NMVP. Os acessos UENF 7-20-1, UENF 7-5-1, UENF 14-22-3, UENF 15-8-4, UENF 1445, Top seed blue line, Feltrin, UENF 14-16-3, UENF 7-10-1, UENF 14-6-3 e UENF 15-23-4 foram respectivamente os mais produtivos, com rendimentos de 20.052 a 15.873 Mg ha-1 de vagens e na produção de grãos (2.693 a 2.014 Mg ha-1). A característica mais correlacionada com os rendimentos de vagens e de grãos foi o NMVP seguido por CMV.The snap bean is a vegetable rich in fibers, proteins and vitamins. Within of the breeding program of snap bean of Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), selections were performed in F2 populations in the field, advancing to F5 by SSD method, in a greenhouse, selecting 30 promising lines in F6. Continuing the program, the F7 generation was cultivated and evaluated in the field in Campos dos Goytacazes and in Bom Jesus do Itabapoana. The characteristics evaluated were height of first pod insertion (APV), height of plants (AP), average number of pods per plant (NMV); average length of pods (CMV), average weight of grains per pod (PMGV); fiber content in pod (FIB), pod productivity per hectare (ProdVagens) and grains productivity per hectare (ProdGrãos). There has no interaction genotype x environment (local) for the characteristic fiber content in pod, indicating that this is very stable environments studied. The Scott-Knot test formed three groups as to fiber content in fresh pods. There was significative effect of genotypes for all characteristics considered, except for the NMVP. The accesses UENF 7-20-1, UENF 7-5-1, UENF 14-22-3, UENF 15-8-4, UENF 1445, Top seed blue line, Feltrin, UENF 14-16-3, UENF 7-10-1, UENF 14-6-3 and UENF 15-23-4 were respectively the most productive, with yields from 20,052 to 15,873 Mg ha-1 of pods and in grains yield (2,693 to 2,014 Mg ha-1). The characteristic most correlated with the yield of pods and grain was NMVP followed by CMV

Characterization of the socioeconomic and agricultural production process of farmers in the watershed of the Rio Doce, São João da Barra, RJ

Despite having been deemed unfit for agriculture, the municipality of São João da Barra - RJ, much of the community-based agricultural economy grew and currently own, despite the difficulties, a significant production. The aim of this study was to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of the watershed of the Rio Doce, São João da Barra - RJ, taking into account the interaction of biotic and abiotic elements, and to produce scientific knowledge that can serve as a basis for the development of public policies that aim to exploit the environment in a more sustainable way, as well as the improvement in quality of life. This study used questionnaires with open and closed questions. Agriculture is a traditional economic activity in this region, with approximately 60% of farmers having over twenty years of professional experience, mainly producing pineapple, gherkin and okra