Vortex pseudo Schell-model source: a proposal

In this work a physically realizable pseudo Schell-model planar light source with optical vortex is proposed. The characteristics of irradiance and coherence of the beam radiated by this type of source are analysed at the source plane and upon free paraxial propagation

Partially Coherent Linearly Polarized Sources with Inhomogeneous Azimuth

A new model of physically realizable electromagnetic source is proposed. The source is partially coherent and non-uniformly totally polarized. The coherence and polarization characteristics of this new source are analyzed. The spatial coherence area of the source can be easily modified at will. The state of polarization is linear across the transverse plane of the source with an azimuth that varies from point to point in a different way depending on the selected values of the parameters that define the source

El auge de nuevas redes sociales y el fenómeno de Peoople

Las redes sociales constituyen un instrumento de comunicación entre las marcas y los clientes en la actualidad. Esta relación entre marca y clientes es cada vez más cercana y las interacciones son cada vez más significativas. El mundo de las redes ha experimentado un cambio desde sus orígenes, y continuará experimentándolo conforme la forma de consumir, la tecnología y los usuarios avancen. A través de este trabajo se pretender conocer los orígenes, la historia y las estrategias digitales que se llevan a cabo en la utilización de las plataformas como herramientas de marketing. Además, también trata de revelar el auge de nuevas plataformas, su forma de creación de contenido y cómo generar un motor económico en éstas, así como descubrir el fenómeno de una red social muy reciente: Peoople. De esta forma, a través de un análisis empírico de encuestas y entrevista se conoce tanto la opinión de los usuarios respecto a las redes sociales, como el punto de vista de los creadores de contenido dentro de las plataformas. Por último, también analizamos desde estos dos puntos de vista distintos, la utilidad y eficacia de Peoople en la actualidad.<br /

Interleukin-10 haplotypes in Celiac Disease in the Spanish population

BACKGROUND: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic disorder characterized by a pathological inflammatory response after exposure to gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The HLA complex accounts for less than half of the genetic component of the disease, and additional genes must be implicated. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important regulator of mucosal immunity, and several reports have described alterations of IL-10 levels in celiac patients. The IL-10 gene is located on chromosome 1, and its promoter carries several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and microsatellites which have been associated to production levels. Our aim was to study the role of those polymorphisms in susceptibility to CD in our population. METHODS: A case-control and a familial study were performed. Positions -1082, -819 and -592 of the IL-10 promoter were typed by TaqMan and allele specific PCR. IL10R and IL10G microsatellites were amplified with labelled primers, and they were subsequently run on an automatic sequencer. In this study 446 patients and 573 controls were included, all of them white Spaniards. Extended haplotypes encompassing microsatellites and SNPs were obtained in families and estimated in controls by the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. RESULTS: No significant associations after Bonferroni correction were observed in the SNPs or any of the microsatellites. Stratification by HLA-DQ2 (DQA1*0501-DQB1*02) status did not alter the results. When extended haplotypes were analyzed, no differences were apparent either. CONCLUSION: The IL-10 polymorphisms studied are not associated with celiac disease. Our data suggest that the IL-10 alteration seen in patients may be more consequence than cause of the disease

FSC-Q: a CryoEM map-to-atomic model quality validation based on the local Fourier shell correlation

In recent years, advances in cryoEM have dramatically increased the resolution of reconstructions and, with it, the number of solved atomic models. It is widely accepted that the quality of cryoEM maps varies locally; therefore, the evaluation of the maps-derived structural models must be done locally as well. In this article, a method for the local analysis of the map-to-model fit is presented. The algorithm uses a comparison of two local resolution maps. The first is the local FSC (Fourier shell correlation) between the full map and the model, while the second is calculated between the half maps normally used in typical single particle analysis workflows. We call the quality measure “FSC-Q”, and it is a quantitative estimation of how much of the model is supported by the signal content of the map. Furthermore, we show that FSC-Q may be helpful to detect overfitting. It can be used to complement other methods, such as the Q-score method that estimates the resolvability of atomsWe thank Prof. David Veesler for providing us the half maps of the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from: the Comunidad de Madrid through grant CAM (S2017/BMD-3817), the Spanish National Research Council (PIE/COVID-19 number 202020E079), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through grants SEV 2017-0712, PID2019-104757RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III through grant PT17/0009/0010 (ISCIII-GEFI/ERDF-). Instruct-ULTRA (Grant 731005), an EU H2020 project to further develop the services of Instruct-ERIC. UE H2020 grant HighResCells (ERC-2018-SyG, Proposal: 810057). This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute for Arthritis, musculoskeletal, and Skin Diseases, NIH. The authors acknowledge the support and the use of resources of Instruct, a Landmark ESFRI projec

Partially polarized pseudo-Schell model sources

In this work a new type of partially polarized and partially coherent sources is proposed. The coherence characteristics of these sources are dependent on the difference of the radial distances from the source center of the two points to be compared. The coherence is perfect for points located on the same circle centered on the source center and decreases for points that belongs to different concentric circles. The maximum attainable coherence is related to the degree of polarization of the source. Coherence and polarization characteristics of this kind of fields at the source plane and upon free space propagation are analyzed in detail for a simple case. For the particular presented example, a partially polarized and partially coherent field is obtained, whose polarization properties are invariant in propagation

Modelo de atención y clasificación de «Niños y adolescentes con necesidades especiales de atención en salud-NANEAS»: recomendaciones del Comité NANEAS de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría

ResumenLos «niños y adolescentes con necesidades especiales de atención en salud» (NANEAS) son un grupo emergente y heterogéneo de niños y jóvenes que presentan distintos problemas de salud, cuya complejidad es variable. Existe consenso en que deben ser clasificados y cuidados en función de sus necesidades y no de sus diagnósticos. Estas necesidades se clasifican en 6 áreas: a) atención por especialistas; b) medicamentos de uso crónico; c) alimentación especial; d) dependencia de tecnología; e) rehabilitación por discapacidad; y f) educación especial. Se propone una clasificación de NANEAS basada en el requerimiento de cuidados de baja, mediana o alta complejidad, con el fin de definir un plan de trabajo que distribuya la participación de los distintos niveles de atención en su enfrentamiento. Se recomienda que los NANEAS que requieren cuidados de baja complejidad se incorporen a la atención primaria de salud, con el fin de aprovechar al máximo los beneficios para ellos y sus familias. Para lograrlo es fundamental la capacitación de los profesionales de la salud, promoviendo un trabajo coordinado, dinámico y bien comunicado entre los distintos niveles de atención. El cumplimiento de estas condiciones permitirá lograr un cuidado integral y de calidad para este grupo vulnerable de niños y adolescentes.Abstract“Children with special health care needs” (CSHCN) is an emerging and heterogeneous group of paediatric patients, with a wide variety of medical conditions and with different uses of health care services. There is consensus on how to classify and assess these patients according to their needs, but not for their specific diagnosis. Needs are classified into 6 areas: a) specialised medical care; b) use or need of prescription medication; c) special nutrition; d) dependence on technology; e) rehabilitation therapy for functional limitation; and f) special education services. From the evaluation of each area, a classification for CSHCN is proposed according to low, medium, or high complexity health needs, to guide and distribute their care at an appropriate level of the health care system. Low complexity CSHCN should be incorporated into Primary Care services, to improve benefits for patients and families at this level. It is critical to train health care professionals in taking care of CSHCN, promoting a coordinated, dynamic and communicated work between different levels of the health care system. Compliance with these guidelines will achieve a high quality and integrated care for this vulnerable group of children