Hepatorenal index for grading liver steatosis with concomitant fibrosis.

IntroductionUltrasonography is widely used as the first tool to evaluate fatty liver disease, and the hepatorenal index is a semi-quantitative method that improves its performance. Fibrosis can co-exist with steatosis or even replace it during disease progression. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of fibrosis on the measurement of steatosis using the hepatorenal index.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study included 89 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and in whom liver fibrosis was determined by ultrasound elastography. The Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to compare between the results of the sonographic hepatorenal index and the quantification of steatosis using magnetic resonance spectroscopy as well the accuracy of detecting moderate to severe steatosis using sonography in two groups of patients: (A) without advanced fibrosis and (B) with advanced fibrosis. Advanced fibrosis was defined as a shear wave speed ≥ 1.78 m/s on ultrasound elastography. We calculated the area under the curve (AUC-ROC) to detect the ability of the hepatorenal index to differentiate light from moderate to severe steatosis in both groups. Moderate to severe steatosis was defined as a fat fraction > 15% on the magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The intra-observer variability was assessed using the Bland-Altman plot.ResultsAmong patients, the mean age was 54.6 years and 59.6% were women, 50.6% had a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2, 29.2% had moderate to severe steatosis, and 27.2% had advanced fibrosis. There was a correlation between steatosis grading by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance in group A (0.73; P ConclusionThe hepatorenal index is not appropriate for estimating steatosis in livers with advanced fibrosis

Analysis of the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) in 200 victims of different trauma mechanisms

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the epidemiological profile and mortality associated with the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) in trauma victims treated at a university hospital. Methods: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study of trauma protocols (prospectively collected) from December 2013 to February 2014, including trauma victims admitted in the emergency room of the Cajuru University Hospital. We set up three groups: (G1) penetrating trauma to the abdomen and chest, (G2) blunt trauma to the abdomen and chest, and (G3) traumatic brain injury. The variables we analyzed were: gender, age, day of week, mechanism of injury, type of transportation, RTS, hospitalization time and mortality. Results: we analyzed 200 patients, with a mean age of 36.42 ± 17.63 years, and 73.5% were male. The mean age was significantly lower in G1 than in the other groups (p <0.001). Most (40%) of the visits occurred on weekends and the most common pre-hospital transport service (58%) was the SIATE (Emergency Trauma Care Integrated Service). The hospital stay was significantly higher in G1 compared with the other groups (p <0.01). Regarding mortality, there were 12%, 1.35% and 3.95% of deaths in G1, G2 and G3, respectively. The median RTS among the deaths was 5.49, 7.84 and 1.16, respectively, for the three groups. Conclusion: the majority of patients were young men. RTS was effective in predicting mortality in traumatic brain injury, however failing to predict it in patients suffering from blunt and penetrating trauma

Epidemiological analysis of polytrauma patients with kidney injuries in a university hospital

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of trauma patients with renal lesions treated at a university hospital in Curitiba. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study guided by review of medical records of trauma victims who underwent surgical treatment. The variables analyzed were age, gender, mechanism of injury, degree of kidney damage, conduct individualized according to the degree of renal injury, associated injuries, complications and deaths. We classified lesions according to the American Association of Trauma Surgery (TSAA). Results: We analyzed 794 records and found renal lesions in 33 patients, with mean age 29.8 years, most (87.8%) being male. Penetrating trauma accounted for 84.8% of cases. The most common renal injuries were grade II (33.3%), followed by grade I (18.1%), III, IV and V. Nephrectomy treated 45.4% of injuries, 73.3% being total nephrectomy, and 45.4% by nephrorraphy. In 9% treatment was non-surgical. Only 12.1% of patients had isolated renal lesions. Complications ensued in 15.1% and mortality was 6.06%. Conclusion: The surgical approach was preferred due to penetrating trauma mechanism. We achieved low rates of complications and deaths, and neither case could be directly related to kidney damage, and there were patients with multiple lesions. In this sample, we could not observe a direct relationship between kidney damage and complications, deaths or the type of conduct employed

Análise epidemiológica das pericardiotomias realizadas em um hospital universitário de Curitiba

OBJETIVO: Analisar epidemiologicamente a utilização da janela pericárdica(JP) no diagnóstico de lesão cardíaca em um hospital universitário de trauma de Curitiba. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, retrospectivo, de análise dos prontuários de pacientes que foram submetidos a pericardiotomia por trauma contuso ou penetrante, no período de seis anos, no serviço de Urgência e Emergência do Hospital Universitário Cajuru. RESULTADOS: 120 pacientes foram submetidos à Janela Pericárdica no período acima referido. A faixa etária variou de 15 a 80 anos, sendo a maior prevalência entre os 20 a 30 anos (49,7%), 105(87,5%) pacientes eram homens e 15(12,5%) mulheres. Os traumas fechados foram 14(11,67%) e penetrantes 105(87,5%). Dos penetrantes, 41 foram por ferida de arma branca, 60 por ferida de arma de fogo e quatro por ambas. Quanto à localização das lesões: 47,5% foram precordiais, 34,16% em transição tóraco-abdominal, 5,0% em ambas e 13,33% em outras localizações. Das JP realizadas, 72,5% foram negativas e 27,5% positivas. Dentre as positivas, as lesões cardíacas encontradas foram: átrio direito 21,2%, ventrículo direito 30,3%, ventrículo esquerdo 24,2%, aorta ascendente 3%, nenhuma lesão 21,2%. Houve 35 óbitos: 18 deles até 24hs e 17 após 24hs. CONCLUSÃO: A janela pericárdica foi mais realizada em homens jovens com ferimentos penetrantes por arma de fogo, em sua maioria com lesão do ventrículo direito como principal achado, concordando com a literatura revisada