Muon and electron g - 2and proton and cesium weak charges implications on dark Zd models

Theories beyond the standard model involving a sub-GeV-scale vector mediator have been largely studied as a possible explanation of the experimental values of the muon and electron anomalous magnetic moments. Motivated by the recent determination of the anomalous muon magnetic moment performed at Fermilab, we derive the constraints on such a model obtained from the magnetic moment determinations and the measurements of the proton and cesium weak charge, , performed at low-energy transfer. In order to do so, we revisit the determination of the cesium from the atomic parity violation experiment, which depends critically on the value of the average neutron rms radius of , by determining the latter from a practically model-independent extrapolation from the recent average neutron rms radius of performed by the PREX-2 Collaboration. From a combined fit of all the aforementioned experimental results, we obtain rather precise limits on the mass and the kinetic mixing parameter of the boson, namely and , when marginalizing over the mass mixing parameter

On the impact of the Migdal effect in reactor CEν\nuNS experiments

The search for coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (CE$\nu$NS) using reactor antineutrinos represents a formidable experimental challenge, recently boosted by the observation of such a process at the Dresden-II reactor site using a germanium detector. This observation relies on an unexpected enhancement at low energies of the measured quenching factor with respect to the theoretical Lindhard model prediction, which implies an extra observable ionization signal produced after the nuclear recoil. A possible explanation for this additional contribution could be provided by the so-called Migdal effect, which however has never been observed. Here, we study in detail the impact of the Migdal contribution to the standard CE$\nu$NS signal calculated with the Lindhard quenching factor, finding that the former is completely negligible for observed energies below $\sim 0.3\,\mathrm{keV}$ where the signal is detectable, and thus unable to provide any contribution to CE$\nu$NS searches in this energy regime. To this purpose, we compare different formalisms used to describe the Migdal effect that intriguingly show a perfect agreement, making our findings robust.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

On the impact of the Migdal effect in reactor CEνNS experiments

The search for coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (CEνNS) using reactor antineutrinos represents a formidable experimental challenge, recently boosted by the observation of such a process at the Dresden-II reactor site using a germanium detector. This observation relies on an unexpected enhancement at low energies of the measured quenching factor with respect to the theoretical Lindhard model prediction, which implies an extra observable ionization signal produced after the nuclear recoil. A possible explanation for this additional contribution could be provided by the so-called Migdal effect, which however has never been observed. Here, we study in detail the impact of the Migdal contribution to the standard CEνNS signal calculated with the Lindhard quenching factor, finding that the former is completely negligible for observed energies below ∼0.3keV where the signal is detectable, and thus unable to provide any contribution to CEνNS searches in this energy regime. To this purpose, we compare different formalisms used to describe the Migdal effect that intriguingly show a perfect agreement, making our findings robust

Attitude toward prescription and clinical monitoring of lithium salts in a sample of Italian psychiatrists: preliminary data

Results of international prescribing patterns show that lithium prescription and biochemical drug monitoring seem to differ from a country to another. In spite of clear-cut supporting scientific evidence lithium monitoring is often disregarded, incorrectly used or underused. In Italy the trend of lithium prescriptions and biochemical monitoring is far from what suggested in guidelines; even if there's an impressive paucity of data about lithium monitoring and related iatrogenic risks in our country. In order to assess the current attitude in Italy toward lithium treatment in bipolar disorder we asked to a number of senior psychiatrists, working within the national territory, to fill a 34 items interview. Items were grouped in 8 domains, ranging from prescription pattern to therapeutic drug monitoring and other safety measures to prevent iatrogenic harm during lithium therapy. A preliminary analysis of the very first data, collected mainly in Tuscany, suggested that overall knowledge about lithium prescription and biochemical monitoring were good and the few critical topics found in this preliminary study may be addressed with an improvement in information about lithium therapy

Nuclear neutron radius and weak mixing angle measurements from latest COHERENT CsI and atomic parity violation Cs data

The COHERENT collaboration observed coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering using a 14.6 kg cesium iodide (CsI) detector in 2017 and recently published the updated results before decommissioning the detector. Here, we present the legacy determination of the weak mixing angle and of the average neutron rms radius of Cs-133 and I-127 obtained with the full CsI dataset, also exploiting the combination with the atomic parity violation (APV) experimental result, that allows us to achieve a precision as low as similar to 4.5% and to disentangle the contributions of the Cs-133 and I-127 nuclei. Interestingly, we show that the COHERENT CsI data show a 6 sigma evidence of the nuclear structure suppression of the full coherence. Moreover, we derive a data-driven APV+COHERENT measurement of the low-energy weak mixing angle with a percent uncertainty, independent of the value of the average neutron rms radius of Cs-133 and I-127, that is allowed to vary freely in the fit. Additionally, we extensively discuss the impact of using two different determinations of the theoretical parity non-conserving amplitude in the APV fit. Our findings show that the particular choice can make a significant difference, up to 6.5% on R-n(Cs) and 11% on the weak mixing angle. Finally, in light of the recent announcement of a future deployment of a 10 kg and a similar to 700 kg cryogenic CsI detectors, we provide future prospects for these measurements, comparing them with other competitive experiments that are foreseen in the near future

New insights into nuclear physics and weak mixing angle using electroweak probes

Using the new results on coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering data in cesium-iodide provided by the COHERENT experiment, we determine a new measurement of the average neutron rms radius of Cs-133 and I-127. In combination with the atomic parity violation (APV) experimental result, we derive the most precise measurement of the neutron rms radii of Cs-133 and I-127, disentangling for the first time the contributions of the two nuclei. By exploiting these measurements we determine the corresponding neutron skin values for Cs-133 and I-127. These results suggest a preference for models which predict large neutron skin values, as corroborated by the only other electroweak measurements of the neutron skin of Pb-208 performed by PREX experiments. Moreover, for the first time, we obtain a data-driven APV+COHERENT measurement of the low-energy weak mixing angle with a percent uncertainty, independent of the value of the average neutron rms radius of Cs-133 and I-127, that is allowed to vary freely in the fit. The value of the low-energy weak mixing angle that we found is slightly larger than the standard model prediction

Impact of the Dresden-II and COHERENT neutrino scattering data on neutrino electromagnetic properties and electroweak physics

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) represents a powerful tool to investigate key electroweak physics parameters and neutrino properties since its first observation in 2017 by the COHERENT experiment exploiting the spallation neutron source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In light of the recent detection of such a process with antineutrinos produced by the Dresden-II reactor scattering off a germanium detector, we revisit the limits so far set on the neutrino magnetic moments, charge radii and millicharges as well as on the weak mixing angle. In order to do so, we also include the contribution of elastic neutrino-electron scattering, whose effect becomes non negligible in some beyond the Standard Model theories. By using different hypotheses for the germanium quenching factor and the reactor antineutrino flux, we provide a measurement of the weak mixing angle at the low-energy scale of the Dresden-II reactor experiment and, thanks to a combined analysis with the latest cesium iodide and argon data set released by the COHERENT Collaboration, we deliver updated limits for the neutrino electromagnetic properties. Interestingly, we are able to set a new best upper limit on the electron neutrino charge radius and significantly improve the other CE nu NS-related limits on the neutrino electric charge and magnetic moment

Maternal-foetal attachment independently predicts the quality of maternal-infant bonding and post-partum psychopathology

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of maternal antenatal attachment and post-partum psychopathology, maternal–infant bonding, while checking for antenatal psychopathology, for lifetime psychiatric diagnosis and for the known risk factors for peripartum depression. Methods: One hundred and six women recruited at the first month of pregnancy (T0) were evaluated with the structured interview for DSM-IV TR (SCID-I) to assess the presence of lifetime psychiatric diagnosis and with the Perinatal Depression Predictor Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). At the sixth month of pregnancy (T1) and at the first month post-partum (T2), all patients were evaluated with the PDPI-R, the EPDS, the STAI, at T1, with the Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS), and at T2 with the Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (MPAS). Results: Multivariate regression analyses showed that maternal–foetal attachment was the variable most significantly associated with postnatal symptoms of depression and anxiety and with quality of maternal-infant attachment. The logistic regression analyses showed that antenatal attachment may predict postnatal depressive and anxiety symptoms (respectively, OR: 0.83–IC [0.74 − 0.95], p =.005, OR: 0.88–IC [0.79 − 0.98], p =.02), and the quality of maternal postnatal attachment (OR: 1.17–IC [1.08 − 1.27], p <.001), also after taking into account the known risk factors for perinatal depression, the sociodemographic variables and lifetime psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusion: The quality of maternal–foetal bonding may independently predict the quality of maternal–infant attachment and post-partum depressive and anxiety symptoms. A comprehensive assessment of maternal risk factors for perinatal psychopathology during pregnancy should include the evaluation of antenatal attachment that could be modifiable by specific interventions promoting the quality of maternal bonding