Neurocitoma central: relato de dois casos

Neurocitoma central é um tumor neuroectodérmico raro, geralmente localizado nos ventrículos laterais. Uma mulher de 26 anos e um homem de 33 anos apresentaram-se com hipertensão intracraniana. Exames de imagem revelaram tumor intraventricular heterogêneo, que impregnava por contraste, ocupando os ventrículos laterais e causando hidrocefalia. A mulher faleceu no pós-operatório e o homem está livre de recidiva após três anos. Ambos os tumores eram sólidos, com células arredondadas, lembrando oligodendroglia, positivas para sinaptofisina, cromogranina e NSE e algumas para GFAP, vimentina e proteína S-100. Microscopia eletrônica mostrou neurópilo entre os corpos celulares, mas sinapses eram raras63410841089Central neurocytomas are rare neuroectodermal tumors believed to arise from the subependymal matrix of the lateral ventricles. Case reports: A 26-year-old woman and a 33-year-old man each had a large, heterogeneous, contrast enhancing mass in the lateral ventricles at the foramen of Monro causing bilateral hydrocephalus. The woman died after surgery, but the man is asymptomatic after three years. Histopathology: Both tumors were composed of isomorphic rounded cells positive for synaptophysin, chromogranin and NSE, while some reacted for GFAP, vimentin and S-100 protein. Electron microscopy revealed neuropil-like tissue between cells, but synapses were rar

Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Study, Comparing Botulinum Toxins Type A Botox And Prosigne For Blepharospasm And Hemifacial Spasm Treatment

Botulinum toxin A (BTA) is considered an effective treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm, but there are few studies to permit a comparison of its different formulations. This prospective, randomized, double-blind study compared Prosigne, a BTA of Chinese origin, with Botox to establish safety, efficacy, and equivalence of doses between those 2 formulations in blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm treatment. Fifty-seven patients participated in this study: 21 blepharospasm (from whom 11 were treated with Botox; and 10, with Prosigne) and 36 hemifacial spasm patients (17 were treated with Botox; and 19, with Prosigne). All patients were similar in age, disease time span, number of previous shots, and time elapsed since the last BTA application. Pain and burning during the injection and the result of the treatment were similar in both groups. There were no systemic adverse events, and the local ones were observed with similar intensity and frequency for both groups. The mean effect time length was similar for both blepharospasm (11.3 weeks for both toxins) and hemifacial spasm patients (12.8 weeks for Botox and 12.9 weeks for Prosigne). In both blepharospasm groups, only the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey emotional aspects domain showed improvement from baseline after 16 weeks. There were no differences between the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey scores before and after the treatment of all hemifacial spasm patients. Therefore, it has been concluded that Botox and Prosigne have similar efficacy, safety, and tolerability profiles, so that a dose equivalence of 1:1 may be considered for blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm treatments. © 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.3312731Defazio, G., Livrea, P., Epidemiology of primary blepharoespasm (2002) Mov Disord, 17, pp. 7-12Brin, M.F., Danisi, F., Blitzer, A., Blepharospasm, oromandibular dystonia, Meige's syndrome and hemifacial spasm (2003) Handbook of Botulinum Toxin Treatment, 6, pp. 119-141. , Moore P, Naumann M, eds. 2nd ed. Blackwell ScienceJankovic, J., Treatment of dystonia (2004) Movement Disorders, 32, pp. 527-539. , Watts RL, Koller, eds. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-HillCosta, J., Espírito-Santo, C., Borges, A., Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm (2005) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1). , DOI: 10.1002/ 14651858.CD004900.pub2, Art No: CD004900Simpson, D.M., Blitzer, A., Brashear, A., Assessment: Botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of movement disorders (an evidence-based review). Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology (2008) Neurology, 70, pp. 1699-1706Campos-Benitez, M., Kaufmann, A.M., Neurovascular compression findings in hemifacial spasm (2008) J Neurosurg, pp. 416-420. , 109930Tankéré, F., Bernat, I., Bells palsy: From viral aetiology to diagnostic reality [in French] (2009) Rev Med Interne, 30, pp. 769-775Scott, N.A., Kennedy, R.A., Stubbs, H.A., Botulinum A toxin injections as a treatment for blepharospasm (1985) Arch Ophthalmol, 103, pp. 347-350Schantz, E.J., Johnson, E.A., Properties and use of botulinum toxin and other microbial neurotoxins in medicine (1992) Microbiol Rev, 56 (1), pp. 80-99Rossetto, O., Caccin, P., Rigoni, M., The metalloprotease activity of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins (2002) Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin, 1, pp. 3-10. , Brin MF, Jankovic J, Hallett M, eds. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & WilkinsWan, X., Tang, X., Cui, L., Remote effects of local injection of botulinum toxin type A (1999) Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao, 21 (5), pp. 362-367Dressler, D., Bigalke, H., Rothwell, J.C., The sternocleidomastoid test: An in vivo assay to investigate botulinum toxin antibody formation in humans (2000) J Neurol, 247 (8), pp. 630-632Bogucki, A., Serial SFEMG studies of orbicularis muscle after first administration of botulinum toxin (1999) Eur J Neurol, 6, pp. 461-467Tang, X., Wan, X., Comparison of Botox with a Chinese type A botulinum toxin (2000) Chin Med J (Engl), 113 (9), pp. 794-798Roggenkamper, P., Jost, W.H., Bihari, K., Efficacy and safety of a new botulinum toxin type A free of complexing proteins in the treatment of blepharospasm (2006) J Neural Transm, 113, pp. 303-312Rieder, C.R.M., Schestatsky, P., Socal, M.P., A double-blind, randomized, crossover study of Prosigne versus Botox in patients with blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm (2007) Clin Neuropharmacol, 30 (1), pp. 39-42Wang, Y.C., Zhuang, H., Huang, B.G., Preparation of type A botulinum crystalline toxin for the therapeutic and establishment of an experimental animal model (1990) J Biol Prod, 3 (3), pp. 121-125Dai, Z., Lu, W., Wu, X., Phase II clinical trial of treatment of blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm with botulinum toxin type A for injection (1993) China J Ophthalmol, 29 (3), pp. 144-145Zhang, L.J., Feng, X.L., Zhang, S.M., A study on botulinum toxin A in treatment of blepharospasm and facial spasm (1998) Shanxi Med J, 27 (1), pp. 50-51Zhao, C.D., Chen, H.X., Nie, Z.M., A clinical study of botulinum toxin type A in treatment of blepharospasm and facial spasm (1996) China J Nerv Ment Dis, 22 (2), pp. 83-85Sampaio, C., DYSBOT: A single-blind, randomized parallel study to determine whether any differences can be detected in the efficacy and tolerability of two formulations of botulinum toxin type AVDysport and BotoxVassuming a ratio of 4: 1 (1997) Mov Disord, 12 (6), pp. 1013-1018Lasalvia, C.G., Pereira, L.D.S., Da Cunha, M.C., Costs and efficacy of type A botulinum toxin for the treatment of essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm (2006) Arq Bras Oftalmol, 69 (5), pp. 701-705Girlanda, P., Quartarone, A., Sinicropi, S., Unilateral injection of botulinum toxin in blepharospasm: Single fiber electromyography and blink reflex study (1996) Mov Disord, 11, pp. 27-31Walpole, R.E., Myers, R.H., Meyers, S.L., (2007) Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, , 8th ed. Pearson Prentice HallMauriello Jr., J.A., The role of botulinum toxin type A in the management of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm (2002) Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin, 19, pp. 197-205. , Brin MF, Jankovic J, Hallett M, eds. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkin

A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Study Comparing The Efficacy And Safety Of Type A Botulinum Toxins Botox And Prosigne In The Treatment Of Cervical Dystonia

Botulinum toxin A (BTA) is considered an effective treatment of cervical dystonia. The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to compare Botox and Prosigne, a BTA of Chinese origin, with a view to establish the safety, the efficacy, and the equivalence of doses of the 2 formulations in the treatment of cervical dystonia. Twenty-four patients were randomized to receive 300 U of Botox or Prosigne (12 patients in each group). The patients were assessed before the injection and after 4 and 16 weeks by the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale and the Short-Form 36 for quality of life before and 16 weeks after the injection. All patients were comparable in age, time since onset, number of previous injections, and time since last BTA application. According to the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale scores, the patients improved after injection and the scores increased after 16 weeks, without returning to baseline values. Both pain and burning during the injection and the treatment outcomes were similar in both groups. No systemic adverse events occurred, and the severity and frequency of local events were comparable in both groups. Average duration of effect was similar in both groups (11 weeks). The quality-of-life evaluations before and after the injections were comparable in both groups. Social aspects, pain, and vitality improved after 16 weeks in both groups. In conclusion, Botox and Prosigne were determined to have equivalent efficacy, safety, and tolerability profiles and dose equivalence for cervical dystonia treatment is 1:1. © 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.3312226Haerer, A.F., (1992) DeJong's the Neurological Examination, pp. 402-419. , 5th ed. Philadelphia, USA: Lippincott Williams & WilkinsChapter 31Pitanguy, I., Quo vadis doctor (1993) Rev Bras Cir, 83 (6), pp. 257-262Schantz, E.J., Johnson, E.A., Properties and use of botulinum toxin and other microbial neurotoxins in medicine (1992) Microbiol Rev, 56 (1), pp. 80-99Brin, M.F., Jankovic, J., Comella, C., Treatment of dystonia using botulinum toxin (1995) Movement Disorders, pp. 183-246. , Kurlan R, ed. 1st ed. Philadelphia, USA: Lippincot Williams & WilkinsChapter 6Anderson, T., Tand, C., Marsden, D., Botulinum toxin for the treatment of spasmodic torticollis and other movement disorders (1998) Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, pp. 1059-1069. , Lozano AM, Gildenberg PL, Tasker RR, eds. 1st ed. NY, USA: Springer VerlagChapter109Simpson, D.M., Blitzer, A., Brashear, A., Assessment: Botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of movement disorders (an evidence-based review): Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology (2008) Neurology, 70, pp. 1699-1706Ranoux, D., Gury, C., Fondarai, J., Respective potencies of Botox and Dysport: A double blind, randomised, crossover study in cervical dystonia (2002) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 72, pp. 459-462Brefel-Courbon, C., Simonetta-Moreau, M., More, C., A pharmacoeconomic evaluation of botulinum toxin in the treatment of spasmodic torticollis (2000) Clin Neuropharmacol, 23 (4), pp. 203-207Wang, Y.C., Zhuang, H., Huang, B.G., Preparation of type a botulinum crystalline toxin for the therapeutic and establishment of an experimental animal model (1990) J Biol Prod, 3 (3), pp. 121-125Comella, C.L., Jankovic, J., Shannon, K.M., Comparison of botulinum toxin serotypes A and B for the treatment of cervical dystonia (2005) Neurology, 65, pp. 1423-1429Chapman, M.A., Barron, R., Tanis, D.C., Comparison of botulinum neurotoxin preparations for the treatment of cervical dystonia (2007) Clin Ther, 29 (7), pp. 1325-1337Tang, X., Wan, X., Comparison of Botox with a Chinese type A botulinum toxin (2000) Chin Med J, 113 (9), pp. 794-79

Nonfunctional Abdominal Complications Of The Distal Catheter On The Treatment Of Hydrocephalus: An Inflammatory Hypothesis?: Experience With Six Cases

Introduction: The peritoneal cavity is the most common site of cerebrospinal fluid absorption in hydrocephalus treatment. Many distal catheter complications are the result of this type of treatment, and these have been extensively described in the neurosurgical literature. Materials and methods: In our study, six cases of distal catheter migration with visceral perforation and/or extrusion are presented: three through the umbilicus, two through the scrotum, and one through the anus. An extensive review of the literature was performed. Results: The studies of peritoneal dialysis models for the treatment of chronic renal failure patients provide important data about solute absorption in the peritoneal cavity and reactivity of the peritoneal membrane. Conclusion: This model, when compared to distal catheter complications on a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt, presents similarities that could help understand the mechanism of the nonfunctional complications of the distal VP catheter (complication with functional shunt), providing valuable data to support an inflammatory mechanism. © Springer-Verlag 2006.221012251230Abu-Dalu, K., Pode, D., Hadani, M., Sahar, A., Colonic complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunts (1987) Neurosurgery, 13 (2), pp. 167-169Adegbite, A.B., Khan, M., Role of protein content in CSF ascitis following ventriculoperitoneal shunting (1982) J Neurosurg, 57, pp. 423-425Adeloye, A., Spontaneous extrusion of the abdominal tube through the umbilicus complicating peritoneal shunt for hydrocephalus (1973) J Neurosurg, 38, pp. 758-760Alexander, S.R., Peritoneal dialysis (1994) Pediatric Nephrology, pp. 1339-1353. , In: Holliday MA, Barratt TM, Avner ED (eds) 3rd edn. Williams & Wilkins, BaltimoreAlonso-Vanegas, M., Alvarez, J.L., Delgado, L., Mendizábal, R., Jiménez, J.L., Sanches-Cabrera, J.M., Gastric perforation due to ventriculoperitoneal shunt (1994) Pediatr Neurosurg, 21, pp. 192-194Antunes, A.C.M., Ribeiro, T.R., Spontaneous umbilical fístula from ventriculoperitoneal shunt drainage (1975) J Neurosurg, 43, pp. 481-482Aronyk, K.E., The history and classification of hydrocephalus (1993) Neurosurg Clin N Am, 4 (4), pp. 599-609Bouch, A.L., Hermelin, E., Sainte-Rose, C., Sgouros, S., Mechanical dysfunction of ventriculoperitoneal shunts caused by calcification of silicone rubber catheter (1998) J Neurosurg, 88, pp. 975-982Burkart, J.M., Peritoneal dialysis (2002) The Kidney, 2, pp. 2454-2517. , In: Brenner BM, Rectors FC Jr (eds) 5th edn. Saunders, PhiladelphiaCuka, G.M., Helbusch, L.C., Fractures of the peritoneal catheter of cerebrospinal fluid shunts (1995) Pediatr Neurosurg, 22, pp. 101-103Del Bigio, M.R., Biological reaction to cerebrospinal fluid shunts devices: A review of the cellular pathology (1998) Neurosurgery, 42 (2), pp. 319-325Drake, J.M., Sainte-Rose, C., (1995) The Shunt Book, pp. 123-192. , Blackwell, CambridgeElisevich, K., Mattar, A.G., Cheeseman, F., Biodegradation of distal shunt catheter (1994) Pediatr Neurosurg, 21, pp. 71-76Er̊ahin, Y., Mutluer, S., Tekeli, G., Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocysts (1996) Childs Nerv Syst, 12, pp. 755-758Fermin, S., Fernández-Guerra, R.A., Sureda, P.J., Extrusion of peritoneal catheter through the mouth (1996) Childs Nerv Syst, 12, pp. 553-555Gil, Z., Beni-Adani, L., Siomin, V., Nagar, H., Dvir, R., Constantini, S., Ascitis following ventriculoperitoneal shunting in children with chiasma-hypothalamic glioma (2001) Childs Nerv Syst, 17, pp. 395-398Giuffrè, R., Di Lorenzo, N., Two unusual complications of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt in the same infant (1975) Surg Neurol, 3, pp. 23-24Gelabert González, M., Extrusion of peritoneal catheter through the anus (1987) Childs Nerv Syst, 3, pp. 183-184Guevara, J.A., La Torre, J., Denoya, C.D., Züccaro, G., Microscopic studies in shunts for hydrocephalus (1981) Childs Brain, 8, pp. 193-284Guevara, J.A., Zúccaro, G., Trevisán, A., Denoya, C.D., Bacterial adhesion to cerebrospinal fluid shunts (1987) J Neurosurg, 67, pp. 438-445Johnson, M.C., Maxwell, M.S., Delayed intrapleural migration of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (1995) Childs Nerv Syst, 11, pp. 348-350Jörres, A., Ludat, K., Sander, K., Dunkel, K., Lorenz, F., Keck, H., Frei, U., Gahl, G.M., The peritoneal fibroblast and the control of peritoneal inflammation (1996) Kidney Int, 50 (SUPPL. 56), pp. S22-S27Kalousdian, S., Karlan, M.S., Willians, M.A., Silicone elastomer cerebrospinal fluid shunt systems (1998) Neurosurgery, 42 (4), pp. 887-892Krediet, R.T., The peritoneal membrane in chronic peritoneal dialysis (1999) Kidney Int, 55, pp. 341-356Kwork, C.K., Yes, C.P., Wen, H.L., Bilateral scrotal migration catheter: A rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt (1989) Surg Neurol, 31, pp. 330-331Lortat-Jacob, S., Complications abdominals des shunts ventriculo-péritoneaux chez l'enfant: 65 observations (1984) Chir Pediatr, 25, pp. 17-21Martin, L.M., Donaldson-Hugh, M.E., Cameron, M.M., Cerebrospinal fluid hydrothorax caused by transdiaphragmatic migration of a ventriculo-peritoneal catheter through the foramen of Bochdalek (1997) Childs Nerv Syst, 13, pp. 282-284McAulay, D., Dick, A.C., Paterson, A., Peritoneography in the assessment of peritoneal cerebrospinal fluid absorption (2001) Neurosurgery, 49 (5), pp. 1267-1269Mozingo, J.R., Cauthen, J.C., Vaginal perforation by a Raimondi peritoneal catheter in a adult (1974) Surg Neurol, 2, pp. 195-196Nagulic, M., Djordjevic, M., Samardzie, M., Peritoneo-vulvar catheter extrusion after shunt operation (1996) Childs Nerv Syst, 12 (4), pp. 222-223Nolph, K.D., Peritoneal dialysis (1991) The Kidney, 2, pp. 2299-2335. , In: Brenner BM, Rector FC Jr (eds) 4th edn. Saunders, PhiladelphiaRamani, P.S., Extrusion of abdominal catheter of ventriculoperitoneal shunt into the scrotum (1974) J Neurosurg, 40, pp. 772-773Rubin, R.C., Ghatak, N.R., Visudhipan, P., Asymptomatic perforated viscus and gram-negative ventriculitis as a complication of valve-regulated ventriculoperitoneal shunts (1972) J Neurosurg, 37, pp. 616-618Salomão, J.F., Leibinger, R.D., Abdominal pseudocysts complicating CSF shunting in infant and children: Report of 18 cases (1999) Pediatr Neurosurg, 31, pp. 274-278Schulhof, L.A., Worth, M., Kalsbeck, J.E., Bowel perforation due to peritoneal shunt: A report of seven cases and review of the literature (1975) Surg Neurol, 3, pp. 265-269Snow, R.B., Lavyne, M.H., Fraser, R.A.R., Colonic perforation by ventriculoperitoneal shunts (1986) Surg Neurol, 25, pp. 173-177Wilson, C.B., Bertan, V., Perforation of the bowel complicating peritoneal shunt for hydrocephalus (1966) Am Surg, 32 (9), pp. 601-60

Congenital Dermoid Inclusion Cyst Over The Anterior Fontanel: Report Of Three Cases

Congenital dermoid inclusion cyst over the anterior fontanel (CDIC) is an uncommon cystic lesion located over the anterior fontanel. It is a benign and curative lesion and most of the time, can be diagnosed at birth. From 1994 to 2001, three patients were operated with this kind of lesion and after reviewing the literature we found 229 cases and only 6 cases described in Brazil. Our objective in this study is to report three more cases.612 B448452Adeloye, A., Odeku, E.L., Congenital subgaleal cysts over the anterior fontanelle in Nigerians (1971) Arch Dis Child, 46, pp. 95-96Glasauser, F.E., Levy, L.F., Auchterlonie, W.C., Congenital inclusion dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanel (1978) J Neurosurg, 48, pp. 274-278Sonntag, V.K.H., Waggener, J.D., Congenital dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanel in a mexican-american (1980) Surg Neurol, 13, pp. 371-373Hayath, S., Seetharam, W., Kumari, G., Dinakar, I., Nightingale, F., Congenital dermoid cyst over the anterior fontanelle (1989) Br J Clin Pract, 43, pp. 119-120Ojikutu, N.A., Mordi, V.P.N., Congenital inclusion dermoid cyst located over the region of the anterior fontanel in adult Nigerians (1980) J Neurosurg, 52, pp. 724-727Oliveira, H.A., Cisto dermóide de inclusão localizado na região da fontanela anterior no adulto (1989) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 47, pp. 375-377Macedo, N.T.L., Ramos, V.P., Lins, C., Cisto dermóide de inclusão da fontanela anterior (1985) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 43, pp. 407-412Zülch, K.J., (1986) Brain Tumor The Biology and Pathology Epidermoid and Dermoid Cyst. 3.Ed., pp. 433-437. , New York: Springer VerlagBrownstein, M.H., Helwig, E.B., Subcutaneous dermoid cysts (1973) Arch Dermatol, 107, pp. 237-239Naidich, T.P., Dermoids of the anterior fontanelle (1988) Neuro Image Quiz, Answers, pp. 278-279Parízek, J., Nimecek, S., Nemecková, J., Cemoch, Z., Šercl, M., Congenital dermoid cyst over the anterior fontanel: Report on 13 cases in Czechoslovak children (1989) Child's Nerv Syst, 5, pp. 234-237Chaudhari, A.B., Ladapo, F., Mordi, V.P.N., Choudhury, K.J., Naseem, A., Obe, J.A., Congenital inclusion cyst of the subgaleal space (1982) J Neurosurg, 56, pp. 540-544Pereira, C.U., Santos, D.P.S., Machado, J.C., Machado, S.C., Araújo, E.S., Costa, M.D., Cisto dermóide de inclusão congênita localizada na fontanela anterior (2000) Arq Bras Neurocir, 19, pp. 32-35Tateshima, S., Numoto, R.T., Abe, S., Yasue, M., Abe, T., Rapidly enlarging dermoid cyst over the anterior fontanel: A case report and review of the literature (2000) Child's Nerv Syst, 16, pp. 875-878Kanamaru, K., Waga, S., Congenital dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanel in a Japanese infant (1984) Surg Neurol, 21, pp. 287-290Hubault-Marcade, P., Hepner-Lavergne, D., Pannier, M., Kiste dermoïde du cuir chevelu: À propos d'un cas (1991) Ann Chir Plast Esthét, 36, pp. 452-456Ogle, R.F., Jauniaux, E., Fetal scalp cysts: Dilemmas in diagnosis (1999) Prenat Diagn, 19, pp. 1157-1159Shahabi, S., Busine, A., Prenatal diagnosis of an epidermal scalp cyst simulating an encephalocele (1998) Prenat Diagn, 18, pp. 373-377Stokes, R.B., Saunders, C.J., Thaller, S.R., Bregmatic epidermoid inclusion cyst eroding both calvarial tables (1996) J Craniof Surg, 7, pp. 148-150Kriss, T.C., Kriss, V.M., Warf, B.C., Recurrent meningitidis: The search for the dermoid or epidermoid tumor (1995) Pediatr Infect Dis, 14, pp. 697-700Wong, T.T., Wann, S.L., Lee, L.S., Congenital dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanelle in Chinese children (1986) Child's Nerv Syst, 2, pp. 175-178Mohanty, S., Clezy, J.K.A., Adeloye, A., Dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanel (1978) J Neurosurg, 48, pp. 627-628Pereira, W.C., Andrade, A.F., Lopes, P.G., Cisto dermóide na região do bregma: Relato de dois casos (1969) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 27, pp. 349-352Fujimaki, T., Miyazaki, S., Fukushima, T., Sato, Y., Fujimaki, W., Fujita, Y., Dermoid cyst of the frontal bone away the anterior fontanel (1995) Child's Nerv Syst, 11, pp. 424-427Yuasa, H., Tokito, S., Izumi, K., Oyama, M., Congenital inclusion dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanel in a Japanese infant: Case report (1981) Neurosurgery, 9, pp. 67-69Chaudhari, A.B., Rosenthal, A.D., Congenital inclusion cysts of the subgaleal space (1984) Surg Neurol, 21, pp. 61-66Stella, L., Spaziante, R., Maiuri, F., Gangemi, M., Divìtüs, E., Congenital dermoid cysts at the anterior fontanelle (1984) Neurochirurgia, 27, pp. 186-189Borges, A., Carelli, E.F., Maciel J.A., Jr., Alvarenga, M., Castro, R., Bonilha, L., Pilonidal cyst on the vault: Case report (1999) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 20, pp. 273-276Mehta, M.H., Patel, R.V., Congenital midline subgaleal cyst (1990) Indian Pediatrcs, 27, pp. 403-404Tan, E.C., Takagi, T., Congenital inclusion cyst over the anterior fontanel in Japanese children: A study of five cases (1993) Child's Nerv Syst, 9, pp. 81-83Sinclair, R.D., Darley, C., Dawber, R.P., Congenital inclusion dermoid cyst of the scalp (1992) Australas J Dermatol, 33, pp. 135-140Martinez-Lage Sanches, J.F., Almargro Navarro, M.J., Poza Poza, M., Puche Mira, A., Sola Perez, J., Dermoide cyst of the anterior fontanelle in children: Clinical significance and differentiation from encephalocele (1992) An Esp Pediatr, 36, pp. 355-358Mlay, S.M., Sayi, E.N., Anterior fontanelle scalp cysts in infancy (1993) East Afr Med J, 70, pp. 578-579Stannard, M.W., Currarino, G., Subgaleal dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanelle: Diagnosis with sonography (1990) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 11, pp. 349-352Saito, M., Takagi, T., Ishikawa, T., Dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanel: Advantage of MRI for the diagnosis (1988) Brain Dev, 10, pp. 252-255Isozumi, T., Tsuji, A., Nakasu, M., Handa, J., Congenital dermoid cyst over the anterior fontanelle: Case report (1995) No Shinkei Geka, 23, pp. 423-427Nicolau, A., Daney, I., Diard, F., Risch, M., Kind, M., Midline subepicranial (subgaleal) dermoid cysts in children: Report of 6 cases and review of the literature (1986) Ann Radiol (Paris), 29, pp. 511-518Peter, J.C., Sinclair-Smith, C., De Villiers, J.C., The congenital bregmatic dermoid: An African cyst? (1992) Br J Neurosurg, 6, pp. 107-11

Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma: Report Of Two Cases [hematoma Epidural Espontâneo: Relato De Dois Casos]

Spontaneous epidural hematomas are rarely described in literature. They are associated with infectious diseases of the skull, coagulation disorders, vascular malformations of the dura-mater and metastasis to the skull. The authors report two cases of spontaneous epidural hematoma of different etiologies, and study parameters of hemostasis.563 A453456Bullock, R., Teasdale, G., Surgical management of traumatic intracranial hematomas (1990) Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Vol 57 (Head Injury), 57, pp. 249-298. , Vinken PJ, Bruyn GW, Klawans HL (eds). New York: ElsevierCooper, P.R., Post-traumatic intracranial mass lesion (1987) Head Injury, pp. 238-284. , Cooper PR (ed). New York: William & WilkinsJamieson, K.G., Yelland, J.D.N., Extradural hematoma: Report of 167 cases (1968) J Neurosurg, 29, pp. 13-23Chan, K., Mann, K.S., Yue, C.P., The significance of skull fracture in acute intracranial hematomas in adolescentes, a prospective study (1990) J Neurosurg, 72, pp. 189-194Sanchis, J.F., Orosco, M., Cabanes, J., Spontaneous extradural hematomas (1975) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 38, pp. 577-580Clein, L.J., Extradural hematoma associated with middle-ear infection (1970) Can Med Assoc J, 102, pp. 1183-1184Kelly Jr., D.L., Smith, J.M., Epidural hematoma secondary to frontal sinusitis: Case report (1968) J Neurosurg, 29, pp. 67-69Marks, S.M., Shaw, M.D.M., Spontaneous intracranial extradural hematoma: Case report (1982) J Neurosurg, 57, pp. 708-709Novaes, V., Gorbitz, C., Extradural hematoma complicating middle-ear infection: Report of a case (1965) J Neurosurg, 23, pp. 352-353Punt, J., Chronic extradural hematoma presenting 33 years after penetrating cranial trauma: Case report (1978) J Neurosurg, 49, pp. 103-106Rajput, A.J., Rozdilsky, B., Extradural hematoma following frontal sinusitis: Report of a case and review of the literature (1971) Arch Otolaryngol, 94, pp. 83-86Hasegawa, H., Bitoh, S., Fujiwara, M., Spontaneous intracranial extradural hematoma (1983) Neurol Med Chir, 23, pp. 968-971. , TokyoUrbanibia, J.F., Silvela, J., Soto, M., Occipital dural arteriovenous malformations (1974) Neuroradiology, 7, pp. 57-64Grabel, J.C., Sacher, M., Rothman, A.S., Bilateral extradural hematomas in a trombocytopenic infant receiving anticoagulants case report (1989) Neurosurgery, 25, pp. 828-830Kuwayama, N., Takahashi, S., Sonobe, M., Spontaneous bilateral extradural hematomas: Case report (1985) J Neurosurg, 62, pp. 139-141Nakagawa, Y., Yoshino, E., Suzuki, K., Spontaneous epidural hematoma from a hepatocelular carcinoma metastasis to the skull: Case report (1992) Neurol Med Chir, 32, pp. 300-302. , TokyoFord, L.E., McLaurin, R.L., Mechanism of extradural hematomas (1963) J Neurosurg, 20, pp. 760-769Gallagher, J.P., Browder, E.J., Extradural hematoma: Experience with 167 patients (1963) J Neurosurg, 29, pp. 1-12Bennett, B., Ogston, D., Fibrinolytic bleeding syndromes (1991) Disordes of Hemostasis, pp. 327-351. , Ratnoff OD, Forbes CD (eds). Philadelphia: WB SaundersSawaya, R., Ramo, O.J., Glass-Greenwalt, P., Plasma fibrinolytic profile in patients with brain tumors (1991) Thromb Haemostas, 65, pp. 15-19Teufelsbauer, H., Proidl, S., Havel, M., Early activation of hemostasis during cardiopulmonary bypass: Evidence for thrombin mediated hyperfibrinolysis (1992) Thromb Haemostas, 68, pp. 250-252Ygge, J., Changes in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis during the postoperative period (1970) Am J Surg, 119, pp. 225-232Aranda, A., Paramo, J.A., Rocha, E., Fibrinolytic activity in plasma after gynecological and urological surgery (1988) Hemostasis, 18, pp. 129-134Facure, J.J., Bizzachi, J.A.M., Carelli, E.F., Estudo da fibrinólise em meningiomas (1992) Arq Bras Neurocirurg, 11, pp. 182-19

Central Neurocytoma: Report Of Two Cases

Introduction: Central neurocytomas are rare neuroectodermal tumors believed to arise from the subependymal matrix of the lateral ventricles. Case reports: A 26-year-old woman and a 33-year-old man each had a large, heterogeneous, contrast enhancing mass in the lateral ventricles at the foramen of Monro causing bilateral hydrocephalus. The woman died after surgery, but the man is asymptomatic after three years. Histopathology: Both tumors were composed of isomorphic rounded cells positive for synaptophysin, chromogranin and NSE, while some reacted for GFAP, vimentin and S-100 protein. Electron microscopy revealed neuropil-like tissue between cells, but synapses were rare.63410841089Hassoun, J., Gambarelli, D., Grisoli, F., Central neurocytoma: An electron-microscopic study of two cases (1982) Acta Neuropathol, 56, pp. 151-156. , BerlVon Deimling, A., Janzer, R., Kleihues, P., Wiestler, O.D., Patterns of differentiation in central neurocytoma: An immunohistochemical study of eleven biopsies (1990) Acta Neuropathol, 79, pp. 473-479. , BerlTsuchida, T., Matsumoto, M., Shirayama, Y., Imahori, T., Kasai, H., Kawamoto, K., Neuronal and glial characteristics of central neurocytoma: Electron microscopical analysis of two cases (1996) Acta Neuropathol, 91, pp. 573-577. , BerlIshiuchi, S., Tamura, M., Central neurocytoma: An immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and cell culture study (1997) Acta Neuropathol, 94, pp. 425-435. , BerlRobbins, P., Segal, A., Narula, S., Central neurocytoma: A clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of 7 cases (1995) Pathol Res Pract, 191, pp. 100-111Schmidt, M.H., Gottfried, O.N., Von Koch, C.S., Chang, S.M., McDermott, M.W., Central neurocytoma: A review (2004) J Neurooncol, 66, pp. 377-384Zhang, B., Luo, B., Zhang, Z., Sun, G., Wen, J., Central neurocytoma: A clinicopathological and neuroradiological study (2004) Neuroradiology, 46, pp. 888-895Nishio, S., Morioka, T., Suzuki, S., Fukui, M., Tumours around the foramen of Monro: Clinical and neuroimaging features and their differential diagnosis (2002) J Clin Neurosci, 9, pp. 137-141Shin, J.H., Lee, H.K., Khang, S.K., Neuronal tumors of the central nervous system: Radiologic findings and pathologic correlation (2002) Radiographics, 22, pp. 1177-1189Soylemezoglu, F., Onder, S., Tezel, G.G., Berker, M., Neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN): A new tool in the diagnosis of central neurocytoma (2003) Pathol Res Pract, 199, pp. 463-468Figarella-Branger, D., Pellissier, J.F., Daumas-Duport, C., Central neurocytomas: Critical evaluation of a small-cell neuronal tumor (1992) Am J Surg Pathol, 16, pp. 97-109Kubota, T., Hayashi, M., Kawano, H., Central neurocytoma: Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study (1991) Acta Neuropathol, 81, pp. 418-427. , BerlRades, D., Fehlauer, F., Treatment options for central neurocytoma (2002) Neurology, 59, pp. 1268-1270Kulkarni, V., Rajshekhar, V., Haran, R.P., Chandi, S.M., Long-term outcome in patients with central neurocytoma following stereotactic biopsy and radiation therapy (2002) Br J Neurosurg, 16, pp. 126-132Ashkan, K., Casey, A.T., D'Arrigo, C., Harkness, W.F., Thomas, D.G., Benign central neurocytoma (2000) Cancer, 89, pp. 1111-1120Christov, C., Adle-Biassette, H., Le Guerinel, C., Recurrent central neurocytoma with marked increase in MIB-1 labelling index (1999) Br J Neurosurg, 13, pp. 496-499Soylemezoglu, F., Scheithauer, B.W., Esteve, J., Kleihues, P., Atypical central neurocytoma (1997) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 56, pp. 551-556Kuchiki, H., Kayama, T., Sakurada, K., Saino, M., Kawakami, K., Sato, S., Two cases of atypical central neurocytomas (2002) Brain Tumor Pathol, 19, pp. 105-110Coelho, M.N., Ramina, R., Meneses, M.S., Arruda, W.O., Milano, J.B., Peritoneal dissemination from central neurocytoma: Case report (2003) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 61, pp. 1030-1034Hanel, R.A., Montano, J.C., Gasparetto, E., Ditzel, L.F., Torres, L.F., Araujo, J.C., Neurocitoma central com apresentação incomum por hemorragia intraventricular: Relato de caso (2001) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 59, pp. 628-63