19 research outputs found

    Forma recessiva da síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon: relato de dois irmãos afetados Recessive type of Freeman-Sheldon syndrome: report of two affected siblings

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    OBJETIVO: contribuir para a divulgação das peculiaridades da síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon e, em particular, do alto risco de recorrência em irmãos na sua forma recessiva, valorizando a importância do aconselhamento genético das famílias após o nascimento de uma criança afetada. DESCRIÇÃO: os autores descrevem e comentam dois casos pediátricos da síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon em irmãos cujos progenitores são normais. Os casos relatados têm suas peculiaridades mais significativas confrontadas com achados da literatura médica obtida através de pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema. Os casos aqui descritos corroboram ainda mais a existência de uma forma recessiva da síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon. Apesar de alguns autores sugerirem uma maior freqüência de um comprometimento neurológico grave nesta forma da síndrome, nos dois casos aqui apresentados estas manifestações não eram aparentes. COMENTÁRIOS: a síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon é heterogênea não só na sua apresentação clínica como também na sua transmissão genética. É muito importante conhecer a existência de mais de uma forma de transmissão hereditária desta síndrome, para que, após o nascimento de uma criança afetada, possa ser oferecido à família um aconselhamento genético que leve em consideração as várias possibilidades. Nestes casos estaria justificada a utilização de riscos empíricos de recorrência.<br>OBJECTIVE: to share knowledge and information about the peculiarities of the Freeman-Sheldon syndrome, especially concerning the high risk of recurrence of its recessive type in siblings, and to stress the importance of genetic counseling for families after the birth of an affected child. DESCRIPTION: the authors describe and comment two pediatric cases of the Freeman-Sheldon syndrome in siblings born to healthy parents. These two cases present significant peculiarities that contradict the findings of the medical literature, obtained through bibliographic research about the subject. The cases described here corroborate the existence of a recessive type of the Freeman-Sheldon syndrome. In spite of the fact that some authors suggest a high frequency of severe neurological impairment in this type of syndrome, the two cases we analyzed did not show any apparent manifestation of such sequelae. COMMENTS: the Freeman-Sheldon syndrome is heterogeneous not only in its clinical presentation but also in its genetic transmission. It is very important to be informed about the existence of more than one form of hereditary transmission of this syndrome, since genetic counseling should take into consideration all possibilities. In these cases, the use of empiric risks of recurrence would be justified

    Mutation analysis of patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome: a frameshift hot spot in the HPS gene and apparent locus heterogeneity.

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    Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder in which oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding, and lysosomal ceroid storage result from defects of multiple cytoplasmic organelles-melanosomes, platelet-dense granules, and lysosomes. As reported elsewhere, we mapped the human HPS gene to chromosome segment 10q23, positionally cloned the gene, and identified three pathologic mutations of the gene, in patients from Puerto Rico, Japan, and Europe. Here, we describe mutation analysis of 44 unrelated Puerto Rican and 24 unrelated non-Puerto Rican HPS patients. A 16-bp frameshift duplication, the result of an apparent founder effect, is nearly ubiquitous among Puerto Rican patients. A frameshift at codon 322 may be the most frequent HPS mutation in Europeans. We also describe six novel HPS mutations: a 5' splice-junction mutation of IVS5, three frameshifts, a nonsense mutation, and a one-codon in-frame deletion. These mutations define an apparent frameshift hot spot at codons 321-322. Overall, however, we detected mutations in the HPS gene in only about half of non-Puerto Rican patients, and we present evidence that suggests locus heterogeneity for HPS
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