Earth pressure on cantilever walls at design retained heights

There are many methods for the analysis and design of embedded cantilever retaining walls. They involve various different simplifications of the pressure distribution to allow calculation of the limiting equilibrium retained height and the bending moment when the retained height is less than the limiting equilibrium value, i.e. the serviceability case. Recently, a new method for determining the serviceability earth pressure and bending moment has been proposed. This method makes an assumption defining the point of zero net pressure. This assumption implies that the passive pressure is not fully mobilised immediately below the excavation level. The finite element analyses presented in this paper examine the net pressure distribution on walls in which the retained height is less, than the limiting equilibrium value. The study shows that for all practical walls, the earth pressure distributions on the front and back of the wall are at their limit values, Kp and K-a respectively, when the lumped factor of safety F-r is less than or equal to2.0. A rectilinear net pressure distribution is proposed that is intuitively logical. It produces good predictions of the complete bending moment diagram for walls in the service configuration and the proposed method gives results that have excellent agreement with centrifuge model tests. The study shows that the method for determining the serviceability bending moment suggested by Padfield and Mair(1) in the CIRIA Report 104 gives excellent predictions of the maximum bending moment in practical cantilever walls. It provides the missing data that have been needed to verify and justify the CIRIA 104 method

Root reinforcement of soils under compression

It is well recognized that roots reinforce soils and that the distribution of roots within vegetated hillslopes strongly influences the spatial distribution of soil strength. Previous studies have focussed on the contribution of root reinforcement under conditions of tension or shear. However, no systematic investigation into the contribution of root reinforcement to soils experiencing compression, such as the passive Earth forces at the toe of a landslide, is found in the literature. An empirical-analytical model (CoRoS) for the quantification of root reinforcement in soils under compression is presented and tested against experimental data. The CoRoS model describes the force-displacement behavior of compressed, rooted soils and can be used to provide a framework for improving slope stability calculations. Laboratory results showed that the presence of 10 roots with diameters ranging from 6 to 28 mm in a rectangular soil profile 0.72 m by 0.25 m increased the compressive strength of the soil by about 40% (2.5 kN) at a displacement of 0.05 m, while the apparent stiffness of the rooted soil was 38% higher than for root-free soil. The CoRoS model yields good agreement with experimentally determined values of maximum reinforcement force and compression force as a function of displacement. These results indicate that root reinforcement under compression has a major influence on the mechanical behavior of soil and that the force-displacement behavior of roots should be included in analysis of the compressive regimes that commonly are present in the toe of landslides

S. Grébaut, Supplément au Lexicon linguae aethiopicae de A. Dillmann (1865) et édition du lexique de Juste d'Urbin (1850-1855).

Caquot André. S. Grébaut, Supplément au Lexicon linguae aethiopicae de A. Dillmann (1865) et édition du lexique de Juste d'Urbin (1850-1855).. In: Annales d'Ethiopie. Volume 1, année 1955. pp. 154-155

P. Beauchamp. Création et séparation. Etude exégétique du chapitre premier de la Genèse

Caquot André. P. Beauchamp. Création et séparation. Etude exégétique du chapitre premier de la Genèse. In: Revue de l'histoire des religions, tome 180, n°1, 1971. pp. 93-95

Ernst Kutsch. Salbung als Rechtsakt im Alten Testament und im alten Orient

Caquot André. Ernst Kutsch. Salbung als Rechtsakt im Alten Testament und im alten Orient. In: Revue de l'histoire des religions, tome 168, n°1, 1965. pp. 90-91

Remarques sur la fête de la « néoménie » dans l'ancien Israël

Caquot André. Remarques sur la fête de la « néoménie » dans l'ancien Israël. In: Revue de l'histoire des religions, tome 158, n°1, 1960. pp. 1-18

Sheldon H. Blank. Jeremiah : Man and Prophet

Caquot André. Sheldon H. Blank. Jeremiah : Man and Prophet. In: Revue de l'histoire des religions, tome 162, n°2, 1962. pp. 238-239

Rapport sur l'état et l'activité de l'École biblique et archéologique française de Jérusalem, 1997-1998

Caquot André. Rapport sur l'état et l'activité de l'École biblique et archéologique française de Jérusalem, 1997-1998. In: Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 142ᵉ année, N. 3, 1998. pp. 937-940

Chadrapha, à propos de quelques articles récents

Caquot M.a. Chadrapha, à propos de quelques articles récents. In: Syria. Tome 29 fascicule 1-2, 1952. pp. 74-88

Nouvelles inscriptions araméennes de Hatra

Caquot André. Nouvelles inscriptions araméennes de Hatra. In: Syria. Tome 29 fascicule 1-2, 1952. pp. 89-118