51,558 research outputs found
Critical Behavior of Hadronic Fluctuations and the Effect of Final-State Randomization
The critical behaviors of quark-hadron phase transition are explored by use
of the Ising model adapted for hadron production. Various measures involving
the fluctuations of the produced hadrons in bins of various sizes are examined
with the aim of quantifying the clustering properties that are universal
features of all critical phenomena. Some of the measures involve wavelet
analysis. Two of the measures are found to exhibit the canonical power-law
behavior near the critical temperature. The effect of final-state randomization
is studied by requiring the produced particles to take random walks in the
transverse plane. It is demonstrated that for the measures considered the
dependence on the randomization process is weak. Since temperature is not a
directly measurable variable, the average hadronic density of a portion of each
event is used as the control variable that is measurable. The event-to-event
fluctuations are taken into account in the study of the dependence of the
chosen measures on that control variable. Phenomenologically verifiable
critical behaviors are found and are proposed for use as a signature of
quark-hadron phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 17 pages (Latex) + 24 figures (ps file), submitted to Phys. Rev.
Achieving Effective Innovation Based On TRIZ Technological Evolution
Organised by: Cranfield UniversityThis paper outlines the conception of effective innovation and discusses the method to achieve it. Effective
Innovation is constrained on the path of technological evolution so that the corresponding path must be
detected before conceptual design of the product. The process of products technological evolution is a
technical developing process that the products approach to Ideal Final Result (IFR). During the process, the
sustaining innovation and disruptive innovation carry on alternately. By researching and forecasting potential
techniques using TRIZ technological evolution theory, the effective innovation can be achieved finally.Mori Seiki – The Machine Tool Compan
Fake View Analytics in Online Video Services
Online video-on-demand(VoD) services invariably maintain a view count for
each video they serve, and it has become an important currency for various
stakeholders, from viewers, to content owners, advertizers, and the online
service providers themselves. There is often significant financial incentive to
use a robot (or a botnet) to artificially create fake views. How can we detect
the fake views? Can we detect them (and stop them) using online algorithms as
they occur? What is the extent of fake views with current VoD service
providers? These are the questions we study in the paper. We develop some
algorithms and show that they are quite effective for this problem.Comment: 25 pages, 15 figure
Erraticity of Rapidity Gaps
The use of rapidity gaps is proposed as a measure of the spatial pattern of
an event. When the event multiplicity is low, the gaps between neighboring
particles carry far more information about an event than multiplicity spikes,
which may occur very rarely. Two moments of the gap distrubiton are suggested
for characterizing an event. The fluctuations of those moments from event to
event are then quantified by an entropy-like measure, which serves to describe
erraticity. We use ECOMB to simulate the exclusive rapidity distribution of
each event, from which the erraticity measures are calculated. The dependences
of those measures on the order of of the moments provide single-parameter
characterizations of erraticity.Comment: 10 pages LaTeX + 5 figures p
Closed-loop control strategy with improved current for a flashing ratchet
We show how to switch on and off the ratchet potential of a collective
Brownian motor, depending only on the position of the particles, in order to
attain a current higher than or at least equal to that induced by any periodic
flashing. Maximization of instant velocity turns out to be the optimal protocol
for one particle but is nevertheless defeated by a periodic switching when a
sufficiently large ensemble of particles is considered. The protocol presented
in this article, although not the optimal one, yields approximately the same
current as the optimal protocol for one particle and as the optimal periodic
switching for an infinite number of them.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Efficiency of Brownian Motors
The efficiency of different types of Brownian motors is calculated
analytically and numerically. We find that motors based on flashing ratchets
present a low efficiency and an unavoidable entropy production. On the other
hand, a certain class of motors based on adiabatically changing potentials,
named reversible ratchets, exhibit a higher efficiency and the entropy
production can be arbitrarily reduced.Comment: LaTeX 209, 6 pages, 7 postscript figures, uses psfi
Sequential Adaptive Detection for In-Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
We develop new efficient online algorithms for detecting transient sparse
signals in TEM video sequences, by adopting the recently developed framework
for sequential detection jointly with online convex optimization [1]. We cast
the problem as detecting an unknown sparse mean shift of Gaussian observations,
and develop adaptive CUSUM and adaptive SSRS procedures, which are based on
likelihood ratio statistics with post-change mean vector being online maximum
likelihood estimators with . We demonstrate the meritorious performance
of our algorithms for TEM imaging using real data
Evolution of Magnetism in Single-Crystal Honeycomb Iridates
We report the successful synthesis of single-crystals of the layered iridate,
(NaLi)IrO, , and a thorough study of
its structural, magnetic, thermal and transport properties. The new compound
allows a controlled interpolation between NaIrO and LiIrO,
while maintaing the novel quantum magnetism of the honeycomb Ir planes.
The measured phase diagram demonstrates a dramatic suppression of the N\'eel
temperature, , at intermediate suggesting that the magnetic order in
NaIrO and LiIrO are distinct, and that at , the
compound is close to a magnetically disordered phase that has been sought after
in NaIrO and LiIrO. By analyzing our magnetic data with a
simple theoretical model we also show that the trigonal splitting, on the
Ir ions changes sign from NaIrO and LiIrO, and the
honeycomb iridates are in the strong spin-orbit coupling regime, controlled by
\jeff=1/2 moments.Comment: updated version with more dat
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