Invisible Watermarking for Audio Generation Diffusion Models

Diffusion models have gained prominence in the image domain for their capabilities in data generation and transformation, achieving state-of-the-art performance in various tasks in both image and audio domains. In the rapidly evolving field of audio-based machine learning, safeguarding model integrity and establishing data copyright are of paramount importance. This paper presents the first watermarking technique applied to audio diffusion models trained on mel-spectrograms. This offers a novel approach to the aforementioned challenges. Our model excels not only in benign audio generation, but also incorporates an invisible watermarking trigger mechanism for model verification. This watermark trigger serves as a protective layer, enabling the identification of model ownership and ensuring its integrity. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that invisible watermark triggers can effectively protect against unauthorized modifications while maintaining high utility in benign audio generation tasks.Comment: This is an invited paper for IEEE TPS, part of the IEEE CIC/CogMI/TPS 2023 conferenc

Bounds on feedback numbers of de Bruijn graphs, Taiwanese

Abstract. The feedback number of a graph G is the minimum number of vertices whose removal from G results in an acyclic subgraph. We use f (d, n) to denote the feedback number of the de Bruijn graph U B (d, n). R. Královic and P. Ruzicka [Minimum feedback vertex sets in shuffle-based interconnection networks. Information Processing Letters, 86 . This paper gives the upper bound o

Long-term performance of prestressed concrete continuous box girders in the natural environment

A long-term load test performed for 470 days on two two-span prestressed concrete (PC) continuous box girders is reported in this paper. Load types were selected as the test variates, and structural responses such as support reactions, deflections, and concrete strains were monitored. Simultaneously, affiliated experiments such as material strength, creep, and shrinkage tests were conducted to investigate the time-dependent performances of the materials. Data obtained from these tests showed that deflections, strains, and support reactions develop rapidly in the beginning and stabilize afterward; the reactions of mid- and end-supports decline and rise over time, respectively. Time-dependent patterns of deflections and support reactions were analyzed on the basis of an effective modulus method, and a practical calculation method for long-term deflections considering reaction redistributions was proposed. The effects of the service environment on the performance of PC girders were evaluated through an incremental analysis method.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Feedback numbers of de Bruijn digraphs

AbstractA subset of vertices of a graph G is called a feedback vertex set of G if its removal results in an acyclic subgraph. Let f(d,n) denote the minimum cardinality over all feedback vertex sets of the de Bruijn digraph B(d,n). This paper proves that for any integers d≥2 and n≥2f(d,n)={1n∑i∣ndiφ(ni)for 2≤n≤4;dnn+O(ndn−4)for n≥5, where i∣n means i divides n, and φ(i) is the Euler totient function

Strength and deformation characteristics of compacted loess with different moisture content and compaction energy

The normal operation of superstructure in loess areas will be related closely to the strength and stability of compacted loess. Loess samples derived from two different engineering sites in China were compacted with different compaction energy, and the main factors which will affect the strength and deformation of compacted loess were analyzed. Different soil samples were prepared with varying moisture content of 11 %–19 %. As the moisture content increases, the compression deformation of compacted loess increases. The immersion influence coefficient suitable for compacted loess was calculated in this study. During soaking in water for 4 days, the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) decreases gradually. Especially, in the process of soak, the lower the initial moisture contents of sample, the more obvious the CBR degradation of sample. It is suggested that soil should be compacted with appropriate compaction energy and moisture content. Furthermore, the loess should be compacted under the condition that the moisture content is slightly greater than the optimal moisture content. When the current moisture content is about 1.02 times the optimal value, the compaction performance of loess is better. As disclosed in this research, the compacted loess in optimal compaction state has smaller compression deformation, better stability and weaker sensitivity to saturation