Interpreting the WW mass anomaly in the vectorlike quark models

The new measurement of $W$-boson mass from the CDF collaboration depicts a remarkable $7\sigma$ disagreement with the Standard Model (SM) prediction. This highly implies that there exist new particles or fields beyond the SM. In this work, we explore the possibility of explaining the $W$ mass anomaly in the simple extension of the SM with the vector-like quarks. Confronting with the current LHC data and the electroweak precision measurements, we find that the vector-like quark models can reconcile SM theory with the $W$ mass anomaly

Research progress on TEM8 in malignant tumors

Tumor endothelial marker 8 （TEM8） is a highly-conserved single-shot transmembrane glycoprotein. TEM8 is a special member of the tumor endothelial marker family，which was first discovered in colon cancer tissues. Studies have shown that TEM8 is specifically expressed in a variety of malignant tumor cells and tumor vascular endothelia，and participates in malignant biological behaviors，such as tumor proliferation and angiogenesis，which is a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of some malignant tumors，and can be used as a new target for the treatment of malignant tumors. This article will introduce the mechanism of TEM8 in malignant tumors and its clinical application progress

Biomechanical analysis of the Maxillary Sinus Floor Membrane During internal Sinus Floor Elevation With Implants at Different angles of the Maxillary Sinus angles

OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed and compared the biomechanical properties of maxillary sinus floor mucosa with implants at three different maxillary sinus angles during a modified internal sinus floor elevation procedure. METHODS: 3D reconstruction of the implant, maxillary sinus bone, and membrane were performed. The maxillary sinus model was set at three different angles. Two internal maxillary sinus elevation models were established, and finite element analysis was used to simulate the modified maxillary sinus elevation process. The implant was elevated to 10 mm at three maxillary sinus angles when the maxillary sinus floor membrane was separated by 0 and 4 mm. The stress of the maxillary sinus floor membrane was analyzed and compared. RESULTS: When the maxillary sinus floor membrane was separated by 0 mm and elevated to 10 mm, the peak stress values of the implant on the maxillary sinus floor membrane at three different angles were as follows: maxillary sinus I: 5.14-78.32 MPa; maxillary sinus II: 2.81-73.89 MPa; and maxillary sinus III: 2.82-51.87 MPa. When the maxillary sinus floor membrane was separated by 4 mm and elevated to 10 mm, the corresponding values were as follows: maxillary sinus I: 0.50-7.25 MPa; maxillary sinus II: 0.81-16.55 MPa; and maxillary sinus III: 0.49-22.74 MPa. CONCLUSION: The risk of sinus floor membrane rupture is greatly reduced after adequate dissection of the maxillary sinus floor membrane when performing modified internal sinus elevation in a narrow maxillary sinus. In a wide maxillary sinus, the risk of rupture or perforation of the wider maxillary sinus floor is reduced, regardless of whether traditional or modified internal sinus elevation is performed at the same height

Evidence for Majorana bound state in an iron-based superconductor

The search for Majorana bound state (MBS) has recently emerged as one of the most active research areas in condensed matter physics, fueled by the prospect of using its non-Abelian statistics for robust quantum computation. A highly sought-after platform for MBS is two-dimensional topological superconductors, where MBS is predicted to exist as a zero-energy mode in the core of a vortex. A clear observation of MBS, however, is often hindered by the presence of additional low-lying bound states inside the vortex core. By using scanning tunneling microscope on the newly discovered superconducting Dirac surface state of iron-based superconductor FeTe1-xSex (x = 0.45, superconducting transition temperature Tc = 14.5 K), we clearly observe a sharp and non-split zero-bias peak inside a vortex core. Systematic studies of its evolution under different magnetic fields, temperatures, and tunneling barriers strongly suggest that this is the case of tunneling to a nearly pure MBS, separated from non-topological bound states which is moved away from the zero energy due to the high ratio between the superconducting gap and the Fermi energy in this material. This observation offers a new, robust platform for realizing and manipulating MBSs at a relatively high temperature.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures, supplementary information include

Nearly quantized conductance plateau of vortex zero mode in an iron-based superconductor

Majorana zero-modes (MZMs) are spatially-localized zero-energy fractional quasiparticles with non-Abelian braiding statistics that hold a great promise for topological quantum computing. Due to its particle-antiparticle equivalence, an MZM exhibits robust resonant Andreev reflection and 2e2/h quantized conductance at low temperature. By utilizing variable-tunnel-coupled scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we study tunneling conductance of vortex bound states on FeTe0.55Se0.45 superconductors. We report observations of conductance plateaus as a function of tunnel coupling for zero-energy vortex bound states with values close to or even reaching the 2e2/h quantum conductance. In contrast, no such plateau behaviors were observed on either finite energy Caroli-de Genne-Matricon bound states or in the continuum of electronic states outside the superconducting gap. This unique behavior of the zero-mode conductance reaching a plateau strongly supports the existence of MZMs in this iron-based superconductor, which serves as a promising single-material platform for Majorana braiding at a relatively high temperature

Characterization and virulence of Streptococcus agalactiae deficient in SaeRS of the two-component system

There are a variety of regulatory systems in bacteria, among which the two-component system (TCS) can sense external environmental changes and make a series of physiological and biochemical reactions, which is crucial for the life activities of bacteria. As a member of TCS, SaeRS is considered to be an important virulence factor in Staphylococcus aureus, but its function in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)-derived Streptococcus agalactiae remains unknown. To explore the role of SaeRS in regulating virulence in the two-component system (TCS) of S. agalactiae from tilapia, ΔSaeRS mutant strain and CΔSaeRS complementary strain were constructed by homologous recombination. The results showed that the abilities of growth and biofilm formation of ΔSaeRS strain were significantly decreased when cultured in a brain heart infusion (BHI) medium (P < 0.01). Also, the survival rate of the ΔSaeRS strain in blood was decreased when compared with the wild strain S. agalactiae THN0901. Under the higher infection dose, the accumulative mortality of tilapia caused by the ΔSaeRS strain was significantly decreased (23.3%), of which THN0901 and CΔSaeRS strains were 73.3%. The results of competition experiments in tilapia showed that the invasion and colonization abilities of the ΔSaeRS strain were also dramatically lower than those of the wild strain (P < 0.01). Compared with the THN0901, the mRNA expression levels of virulence factors (fbsB, sip, cylE, bca, etc.) in the ΔSaeRS strain were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.01). SaeRS is one of the virulence factors of S. agalactiae. It plays a role in promoting host colonization and achieving immune evasion during the infection of tilapia, which provides a basis for exploring the pathogenic mechanism of S. agalactiae infected with tilapia